This document discusses several open source projects from the Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF). The CNCF aims to accelerate adoption of containers, microservices, and cloud native applications. It hosts projects like Containerd, Kubernetes, CoreDNS, Linkerd, Prometheus, Fluentd, OpenTracing, and others. Containerd and rkt are container runtimes. Kubernetes is an orchestration system. CNCI, CoreDNS, and Linkerd provide container networking, DNS/service discovery, and service mesh capabilities. Prometheus, Fluentd, OpenTracing provide monitoring, logging, and distributed tracing.

1. Cloud Native Computing
Foundation Projects
Neependra Khare, CloudYuga
@neependra

2. About the Presenter
• Founder and Principal Consultant at CloudYuga
• Docker Captain
• Author of “Introduction to Kubernetes” course on Edx
• Author of Docker Cookbook
• Co-author of “Introduction to Cloud Infrastructure Technologies” course on Edx
• Self Paced online courses at school.cloudyuga.guru
• Containers Fundamentals - Docker, runC & rkt, online self paced course (2017)
• Containers (Docker) for Dev and QA , online self paced course (2017)

3. CNCF
• A Linux Foundation Project
• Aims to acceleration adoption of containers,
microservices and cloud native application
• CNCF hosts procjects like Containerd, Kubernetes but
they work under their pre-existing governance structure.
• New projects can be added

4. Container Runtime
Containerd
• Container runtime
• Available as daemon on Linux and Windows
• Uses runC to run containers
• Manages complete life-cycle of containers
• image transfer and storage
• container execution and supervision
• low level storage
• network attachment
• Exposes gRPC APIs over local Unix socket

5. Container Runtime
Containerd

6. Container Runtime
rkt
• Container runtime
• Available on Linux
• Supports swappable execution engines
• Can run Docker and OCI images
• Currently it based on appc specification.
Development is progress to fully support OCI
images and runtimes.

7. Remote Procedure Call
• High performance
• Open source Universal RPC
• With gRPC, we define a service
• specifies methods that can be called remotely
• uses Protocol Buffers as Interface Definition Language (IDL)
• Protocol Buffers are a language and platform neutral
mechanism to serialise structured data
• Bi-directional streaming with integrated auth
https://grpc.io

8. Container Networking
Container Network Interface (CNI)
Container Runtime
Container Network Interface
Loopback
Plugin
Bridge
Plugin
MACvlan
Plugin
IPvlan
Plugin
3rd Party
Plugins

9. Orchestration
Kubernetes
Kubernetes is an open-source system for automating deployment, scaling,
and management of containerized applications.
• Kubernetes features
• Automatic binpacking
• Self-healing
• Horizontal scaling
• Service discovery and load balancing
• Automated rollouts and rollbacks
• Secrets and configuration management
• Storage orchestration
• Batch execution

10. DNS & Service Discovery
CoreDNS
• Provides DNS and Service Discovery
• DNS functions are implemented as middlewares like
• Kubernetes Service Discovery
• Re-writing queries
• loadbalance
• …
• CoreDNS chains middlewares, based on requirement
• Can replace kube-dns in Kubernetes

11. Service Mesh
Linkerd
• Layer 5 Proxy
• Work with HTTP, HTTP/2, gRPC (not raw TCP)
• Provides
• Service Discovery ( Kubernetes, Marathon, Swarm)
• Intelligent Load Balancing
• Retries (Improve success rate)
• Circuit Breakers (Improve resilience)
• Metrics and Tracing

12. Monitoring and Alerting
Prometheus
https://prometheus.io

13. Logging
Fluentd
• Unified Logging with JSON
• Pluggable Architecture
• Minimum Resources Required
• Built-in Reliability
https://www.fluentd.org/architecture

14. Tracing
OpenTracing
• Standard instrumentation APIs
• Tracing tools, that uses OpenTracing
• Zipkin
• LightStep
• Jaeger
• Hawkular
• ….

15. References
• http://cncf.io
• http://kubernetes.io/
• https://prometheus.io/
• http://opentracing.io/
• http://fluentd.org/
• https://www.linkerd.io/
• http://www.grpc.io/
• https://coredns.io/
• http://containerd.io/
• https://github.com/rkt/rkt
• https://github.com/containernetworking

16. Thanks
neependra@cloudyuga.guru
https://www.linkedin.com/in/neependra/
@neependra