GraalVM Native Image can compile Java applications into native executables for improved performance and lower resource usage compared to the traditional Java Runtime. It works by ahead-of-time compiling Java applications into native images that have a smaller footprint when deployed in containers and start faster than traditionally interpreted Java applications. Native images generated by GraalVM Native Image were shown to use half the memory and achieve better throughput than the same application running on the Java Runtime when deployed to Oracle Kubernetes Engine.

1. GraalVM Native Image - Low
Footprint Java in the Cloud
JavaThrough the Looking Glass
Kris Foster
Principal Product Manager, GraalVM

2. What is it?
• Java Runtime (JDK11, JDK17)
• New Fast & Efficient JIT Compiler
• Applications => Native Executables
• Multi-Language
• Enterprise / Community
Why should I care?
• Java Runtime - Improved performance
• Applications => Native Executables
• Fast start-up, low footprint
“The best way to explain it is to do it.”
GraalVM
Copyright © 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates
2
What is it and why should I care?

3. Java Apps in Containers
3 Copyright © 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates
Simple Spring Boot, Rest API Application
Credit: http://setosa.io/ev/markov-chains/
’Twas brillig, and the slithy tove
Did gyre and gimble in the wabe
All mimsy were the borogoves,
And the mome raths outgrabe.
Beware the Jabberwock, my son!
The jaws that bite, the claws that
catch!
Markov Model – to generate text

4. Metrics
4 Copyright © 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates
Measuring our Application – Metrics are Important
• We want to know how ”good” our app is
• How much resources it is using

5. Let’s Look at the Code
Copyright © 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates
5

6. Native Executables in Containers
6 Copyright © 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates
The frumious Bandersnatch!

7. Native Executables in Containers
7 Copyright © 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates
Faster starting, smaller footprint

8. Ahead ofTime Compilation,AOT
But What is GraalVM Native Image?
Copyright © 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates
8
JIT
$ java –cp
AOT
$ native-image
Maven / Gradle

9. Spring Native
9 Copyright © 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates
Make Spring Boot just work with Native Image
• Provides tooling to make Spring Boot Apps just work with Native Image
• Part of Spring Boot 3

10. Let’s Look at the Code - Again
Copyright © 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates
10

11. Recap
Copyright © 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates
11
• Built a Java App
• Containerised it (Easy)
• Built a Native App & Containerised
• Native Starts Fast
• Small containers with little in

12. Deploying
12 Copyright © 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates
Container Registry -> OKE
Java App
Native App
Container
Registry
OKE
Oracle K8s

13. StressTesting our Apps
13 Copyright © 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates
Keeping it Fair
• Set the memory
• Fix in deployment Desc.
• JDK : 256 MB
• Native : 128 MB
• Keep the cores fixed
• Using : hey

14. Let’s Deploy &Test
Copyright © 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates
14

15. JavaThrough the Looking Glass
15 Copyright © 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates
Great Performance for the Cloud
Better Throughput : Native,
YMMV
Half the memory : Native

16. JavaThrough the Looking Glass
16 Copyright © 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates
• This is just one example
• Low Foot-print? Native Image
• Long Running?GraalVM EE JVM
• GCs: Epsilon; Serial; G1;
• Through-put? Native Image + G1 + PGO
• Static linking (libmusl) / Mostly Static
• Supported by:
• Spring Native
• Micronaut
• Helidon
• Quarkus

17. Thank you!
Copyright © 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates
17