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CONVERGENCE TESTING
AP CALCULUS BC EXAM REVIEW
SERIES ON THE AP EXAM
• SERIES WILL BE TESTED ON BOTH THE MULTIPLE CHOICE AND THE FREE
RESPONSE SECTIONS OF THE EXAM.
• BEING ABLE TO CLASSIFY A SERIES AS BEING CONVERGENT OR DIVERGENT USING
THE TESTS WE LEARNED IN THE COURSE WILL BE ESSENTIAL.
• FOR EACH OF THE SERIES ON THE FOLLOWING SLIDES, CLASSIFY IT AS BEING
CONVERGENT OR DIVERGENT AND MAKE SURE YOU CAN JUSTIFY YOUR CHOICE.
YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO CITE A SPECIFIC TEST FOR EACH ONE.
CONVERGENT OR DIVERGENT? WHY?
𝑛=1
∞
𝑛2 + 1
𝑛
DIVERGENT!
• LIM
𝑛→∞
𝑛2+1
𝑛
= ∞
• SINCE THE LIMIT DOES NOT EQUAL 0, THIS SERIES DIVERGES BY THE NTH-TERM
TEST.
CONVERGENT OR DIVERGENT? WHY?
𝑛=1
∞
1
𝑛 𝜋
CONVERGENT!
• THIS IS A P-SERIES.
• SINCE P (WHICH IS PI) IS GREATER THAN 1, THE SERIES WILL CONVERGE.
CONVERGENT OR DIVERGENT? WHY?
𝑛=1
∞
2 𝑛+1
5 𝑛
CONVERGENT!
• THIS IS A GEOMETRIC SERIES, WHICH WE CAN SEE MORE CLEARLY IF WE REWRITE
IT AS 𝑛=1
∞
2
2
5
𝑛
.
• SINCE THE COMMON RATIO OF 2/5 IS LESS THAN 1, THIS IS A CONVERGENT
GEOMETRIC SERIES.
CONVERGENT OR DIVERGENT? WHY?
𝑛=1
∞
−1 𝑛
𝑛
𝑛 + 1
CONVERGENT!
• THIS IS AN ALTERNATING SERIES, AND SINCE THE SEQUENCE PART OF THE
SERIES IS ALWAYS POSITIVE, IS ALWAYS DECREASING, AND IS HEADED TOWARDS
0, THE SERIES CONVERGES.
• WE COULD FURTHER CLASSIFY THIS ONE AS BEING CONDITIONALLY
CONVERGENT BECAUSE THE SEQUENCE AS ITS OWN SERIES WOULD DIVERGE (BY
COMPARISON TO A P-SERIES WHERE P = ½).

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Classifying Infinite Series

  • 2. SERIES ON THE AP EXAM • SERIES WILL BE TESTED ON BOTH THE MULTIPLE CHOICE AND THE FREE RESPONSE SECTIONS OF THE EXAM. • BEING ABLE TO CLASSIFY A SERIES AS BEING CONVERGENT OR DIVERGENT USING THE TESTS WE LEARNED IN THE COURSE WILL BE ESSENTIAL. • FOR EACH OF THE SERIES ON THE FOLLOWING SLIDES, CLASSIFY IT AS BEING CONVERGENT OR DIVERGENT AND MAKE SURE YOU CAN JUSTIFY YOUR CHOICE. YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO CITE A SPECIFIC TEST FOR EACH ONE.
  • 3. CONVERGENT OR DIVERGENT? WHY? 𝑛=1 ∞ 𝑛2 + 1 𝑛
  • 4. DIVERGENT! • LIM 𝑛→∞ 𝑛2+1 𝑛 = ∞ • SINCE THE LIMIT DOES NOT EQUAL 0, THIS SERIES DIVERGES BY THE NTH-TERM TEST.
  • 5. CONVERGENT OR DIVERGENT? WHY? 𝑛=1 ∞ 1 𝑛 𝜋
  • 6. CONVERGENT! • THIS IS A P-SERIES. • SINCE P (WHICH IS PI) IS GREATER THAN 1, THE SERIES WILL CONVERGE.
  • 7. CONVERGENT OR DIVERGENT? WHY? 𝑛=1 ∞ 2 𝑛+1 5 𝑛
  • 8. CONVERGENT! • THIS IS A GEOMETRIC SERIES, WHICH WE CAN SEE MORE CLEARLY IF WE REWRITE IT AS 𝑛=1 ∞ 2 2 5 𝑛 . • SINCE THE COMMON RATIO OF 2/5 IS LESS THAN 1, THIS IS A CONVERGENT GEOMETRIC SERIES.
  • 9. CONVERGENT OR DIVERGENT? WHY? 𝑛=1 ∞ −1 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 + 1
  • 10. CONVERGENT! • THIS IS AN ALTERNATING SERIES, AND SINCE THE SEQUENCE PART OF THE SERIES IS ALWAYS POSITIVE, IS ALWAYS DECREASING, AND IS HEADED TOWARDS 0, THE SERIES CONVERGES. • WE COULD FURTHER CLASSIFY THIS ONE AS BEING CONDITIONALLY CONVERGENT BECAUSE THE SEQUENCE AS ITS OWN SERIES WOULD DIVERGE (BY COMPARISON TO A P-SERIES WHERE P = ½).