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Public service  versus Market model
Market Model:   Society’s needs can be met without regulation via demand and supply. media are like any  other good  or service “ a toaster with  pictures”. so long as there  is enough  competition  business will  respond to peoples’ needs.
Public service broadcasting Each person is important not just bigger spenders.  Since media are vital to democracy they cannot be just business. Citizens not consumers. Convenience and necessity not  dollars. Public convenience and necessity To inform educate and entertain. BBC vs NBC vs PTV
The public sphere PTV Geo bbc Habermas: Frankfurt school, Marxist critic of  capitalism - Assembly and dialogue - to generate ideas and attitudes - that affirm or challenge and so guide government  - In a democracy- public opinion legitimates authority   remember   what Innis said   about public opinion?
Media’s special role Watchdogs/ fourth estate. Inform public opinion. These roles require media to be free from manipulation. Who manipulates media depending on the kind of system in play it can be OWNERS GOVT  CORPORATIONS BUREAUCRACIES  COURTS
Food for thought - Who trains journalists to fulfill their special role. - Media are made up of people not aliens. - What other factors besides commerce can prevent - Media from fulfilling their obligations to democracy? - Is information and access to media a human right?
Advantages of Markets: Efficiency Responsiveness Flexibility Innovation  Disadvantages of Markets: Undemocratic Reproduce inequality Amoral Do not meet social needs Do not meet democratic needs
Does the trend of integration make media more or less Competitive as a business Critics says: Less  Supporters say: changes in    tech mean this argument is moot
Why are media not like toasters? -Special legal protections -Advertisers not consumers pay -Media has special functions in a democratic society -Media broadcasters are using a scarce public resource- the airwaves -Toasters do not impact the national interest/ national security
 
Vertical integration:  Worldcall? Horizontal Integration:  promotes synergy ARY? Geo?  Globalization Concentration of Ownership
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],What’s missing from the author’s argument?
Central Questions What are horizontal and vertical integration? Give examples  from the media world. Why do you think businesses might like to pursue integration? Why should the public worry about media monopolies or  concentration of ownership in the media? What is convergence? Why do media companies target the global market? What is the Public Sphere. What do you think are the weaknesses and strengths of each  system , what would you prefer for Pakistan, why?

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Class6

  • 1. Public service versus Market model
  • 2. Market Model: Society’s needs can be met without regulation via demand and supply. media are like any other good or service “ a toaster with pictures”. so long as there is enough competition business will respond to peoples’ needs.
  • 3. Public service broadcasting Each person is important not just bigger spenders. Since media are vital to democracy they cannot be just business. Citizens not consumers. Convenience and necessity not dollars. Public convenience and necessity To inform educate and entertain. BBC vs NBC vs PTV
  • 4. The public sphere PTV Geo bbc Habermas: Frankfurt school, Marxist critic of capitalism - Assembly and dialogue - to generate ideas and attitudes - that affirm or challenge and so guide government - In a democracy- public opinion legitimates authority remember what Innis said about public opinion?
  • 5. Media’s special role Watchdogs/ fourth estate. Inform public opinion. These roles require media to be free from manipulation. Who manipulates media depending on the kind of system in play it can be OWNERS GOVT CORPORATIONS BUREAUCRACIES COURTS
  • 6. Food for thought - Who trains journalists to fulfill their special role. - Media are made up of people not aliens. - What other factors besides commerce can prevent - Media from fulfilling their obligations to democracy? - Is information and access to media a human right?
  • 7. Advantages of Markets: Efficiency Responsiveness Flexibility Innovation Disadvantages of Markets: Undemocratic Reproduce inequality Amoral Do not meet social needs Do not meet democratic needs
  • 8. Does the trend of integration make media more or less Competitive as a business Critics says: Less Supporters say: changes in tech mean this argument is moot
  • 9. Why are media not like toasters? -Special legal protections -Advertisers not consumers pay -Media has special functions in a democratic society -Media broadcasters are using a scarce public resource- the airwaves -Toasters do not impact the national interest/ national security
  • 10.  
  • 11. Vertical integration: Worldcall? Horizontal Integration: promotes synergy ARY? Geo? Globalization Concentration of Ownership
  • 12.
  • 13. Central Questions What are horizontal and vertical integration? Give examples from the media world. Why do you think businesses might like to pursue integration? Why should the public worry about media monopolies or concentration of ownership in the media? What is convergence? Why do media companies target the global market? What is the Public Sphere. What do you think are the weaknesses and strengths of each system , what would you prefer for Pakistan, why?