This document summarizes a class on Exodus and Leviticus. It addresses questions about why God enslaved the Israelites in Egypt, when this occurred, and how long the enslavement lasted. The document also discusses evidence for the plagues and Exodus, including indirect evidence from Egyptian records. It notes debates around the number of Israelites who left Egypt and whether events like the plagues and crossing of the Red Sea were natural or supernatural. The class addressed other topics like who hardened Pharaoh's heart and New Testament references to spiritual sacrifices replacing older sacrifices.

1. BIB 105- Survey
Pastor Corey J. McLaughlin
M.A.N.T., M.A.T.H.
Class 6: Exodus-Leviticus

4. Exodus Q&A
• Why did God enslave His people in Egypt?
– (1) To make them rich (Ex. 12:35-36), “they plundered
the Egyptians.”
– (2) To bring judgment against the Egypt and its gods (Ex.
12:12; Num. 33:4; Is. 19:1).
– (3) To give time to the Amorites (Gen. 15:13-16;
Numbers 21:31-32; Joshua 10:10; 11:8)
• When did God enslave his people in Egypt?
– Early date = 1446 BC (Amenhotep II)
– Late date = 1230 BC (Ramesses II = Anim. Movie)
• How long did God enslave his people in Egypt?
– 400, 430, 215? (Choose one and defend it!).

5. • Problem #1 = Gen. 15:13 “will be servants there,” = Egypt not Canaan. Also Acts
7:6 “who would enslave them” = Egypt.
• Problem #2 = Acts 13:17-20 Paul marks from Egypt to PL as “about 450 years.”
– If we accept the above then 430 + 40 + 7 years of conquest = 477 years (too
much)
– If we accept the above then 215+40+7 = 262 years (too little)
– Only works if Paul understands a 400 year captivity in Egypt + 40 years in the
desert + 7 years conquest = 447 or about 450 years.

9. Evidence for the Plagues?
2006

12. • BAR lists many reasons against this entire
documentary, mostly revolving around dating issues.
– E.g. Ipuwer Papyrus ca. 2100BC-1700BC not near
1446 BC or Jacobovici’s revised 1500BC.
– Asiatics are arriving in Egypt rather than leaving.

13. Exodus Q&A
• Is there archeological evidence for the Exodus?
– Difficult to find, why?
– Inscriptions on tombs, walls, monuments, etc. record victories not
losses.
– Pharaoh's could omit or erase embarrassing details e.g. Hatshepsut
• Hatshepsut died around 1458, her brother Thutmose III
ascended to the throne.
• 2 decades later she was erased, possibly by his son Amenhotep
II.
– Indirect evidence e.g.
• A “crisis” which led to the decree to destroy all of the Egyptian
gods in the 9th year of his reign (esp. Amun-Re).
– NOTE: No evidence is not evidence against e.g. Hittites, William
Wright (Irish missionary), + revision of Egyptian chronology.

14. Queen Hatshepsut Erased

15. Exodus Q&A
• Who hardened Pharaoh's heart?
– God (Ex. 7:3-4) then Pharaoh (7;13, 22; 8:15, 19, 32)
then God again (Ex. 9:12, 10:20, 27) = passive/active.
• Why did God almost kill Moses (Ex. 4:19-26)?
• How many Jews came out of the Exodus?
– 600,000 men/2 million (Ex. 12:37-38) vs. 60,000
– trans. Heb. eleph (thousand vs. head of family (600
chiefs or 6k) vs. military unit of 600 totaling 5,500 men).
• Were the 10 plagues natural or supernatural?
• Was the crossing natural or supernatural?
• What was the route of the Exodus?
• Was it the Red Sea or Reed Sea?

17. Carl Drews, 1250 BC, Ex. 14:21

32. V
Acronym: BU.M.P. S.T.
Unintentional Sins
Sins against others

37. PUF P. TAT

38. New Testament Sacrifices
• Rom. 12:1 I appeal to you therefore, brothers, by the mercies
of God, to present your bodies as a living sacrifice, holy and
acceptable to God, which is your spiritual worship.
• Rom. 15:16 …16 to be a minister of Christ Jesus to the
Gentiles in the priestly service of the gospel of God, so
that the offering of the Gentiles may be acceptable, sanctified
by the Holy Spirit.
• Heb 13:15-16 15 Through him then let us continually offer
up a sacrifice of praise to God, that is, the fruit of lips that
acknowledge his name. 16 Do not neglect to do good and to
share what you have, for such sacrifices are pleasing to God.
• 1 Peter 2:5-8 = spiritual house, spiritual priesthood, spiritual
sacrifices.

43. “I am the way, the truth, and the life, no one comes to the
Father except through me.”

45. BIB 105 - Survey
Pastor Corey J. McLaughlin
M.A.N.T., M.A.T.H.
Class 6: Exodus-Leviticus