Recycled results based on Marcellus Shale Frac flowback water.
• Presentation, speaker, Water Resource Panel, August 2011, ShaleTech, Shale Energy Technology Conference, Houston, TX
This document discusses water reclamation and reuse. It describes the water reclamation process, which involves microfiltration to strain out particles, reverse osmosis to remove minerals, and advanced oxidation with UV light and hydrogen peroxide to disinfect. Tests conducted on wastewater for reclamation include measuring organics, solids, nutrients, and physical properties. The document also discusses the environmental, health, and agricultural aspects of water reclamation and reuse, concluding that it is needed to preserve freshwater sources and can augment water supplies when treated adequately.
Water treatment for irrigation and agriculture:
1) Repulsive effect on nematodes
2) High performance with brackish water
3) Savings of fertilizers and phytosanitary products
Using low cost nanotechnology, CCT has developed passive water purification technology that can purify a contaminated river into certifiable clean drinking water affordable to the majority of the world's population.
Desalination technology; economy and simplicityIJERA Editor
This document discusses various desalination technologies that can be used to remove salt from seawater, including thermal, membrane, and solar-based methods. It focuses on reverse osmosis (RO) and electrodialysis (ED) processes, which are most suitable for small-scale desalination when coupled with solar energy from photovoltaic panels. RO uses pressure to force pretreated water through a semi-permeable membrane, leaving purified water while retaining dissolved salts. ED uses electric current to remove ions from water through ion-exchange membranes. The document analyzes factors that affect the performance of RO and ED, such as water temperature, flow rate, and salt concentration. It also discusses challenges like membrane fou
Nano materials have properties that make them well suited for addressing issues with current water treatment technologies. Their large surface area and reactivity allows them to more effectively adsorb contaminants. Nano adsorbents like carbon nanotubes and metal oxides can remove higher levels of pollutants. Nano catalysts like titanium dioxide and zinc oxide use photoactivity to break down chemicals. Nanoscale filters made of alumina or carbon nanotubes can remove bacteria and viruses. While nanotechnology shows promise for improving water treatment, further research is needed to assess environmental and health risks and make the techniques economically viable at large scales.
The document summarizes an installation of AquaBlok at the Kearny Marsh in New Jersey to encapsulate contaminated sediments. Six test plots totaling 21,600 square feet were created using three blends of AquaBlok at a thickness of 6 inches each. The project demonstrated that AquaBlok can serve as an alternative substrate for restoring contaminated sites, though it does not provide adequate nutrients for healthy marsh growth. Metal concentrations in the AquaBlok plots declined significantly after capping and did not increase over time, indicating metals were not breaking through. Concentrations of PCBs and OCPs were also significantly lower in the AquaBlok substrate compared to uncapped sediments.
David Degenkolb, Gary Saxton, and Michael K. Tierney received a Technical Achievement Award for developing a silver recovery ion exchange system that eliminates hazardous silver ions from wash water, allowing the water to be recycled and reused. This system improves the quality of a laboratory's wash water while significantly reducing environmental impact and water consumption.
This document discusses water reclamation and reuse. It describes the water reclamation process, which involves microfiltration to strain out particles, reverse osmosis to remove minerals, and advanced oxidation with UV light and hydrogen peroxide to disinfect. Tests conducted on wastewater for reclamation include measuring organics, solids, nutrients, and physical properties. The document also discusses the environmental, health, and agricultural aspects of water reclamation and reuse, concluding that it is needed to preserve freshwater sources and can augment water supplies when treated adequately.
Water treatment for irrigation and agriculture:
1) Repulsive effect on nematodes
2) High performance with brackish water
3) Savings of fertilizers and phytosanitary products
Using low cost nanotechnology, CCT has developed passive water purification technology that can purify a contaminated river into certifiable clean drinking water affordable to the majority of the world's population.
Desalination technology; economy and simplicityIJERA Editor
This document discusses various desalination technologies that can be used to remove salt from seawater, including thermal, membrane, and solar-based methods. It focuses on reverse osmosis (RO) and electrodialysis (ED) processes, which are most suitable for small-scale desalination when coupled with solar energy from photovoltaic panels. RO uses pressure to force pretreated water through a semi-permeable membrane, leaving purified water while retaining dissolved salts. ED uses electric current to remove ions from water through ion-exchange membranes. The document analyzes factors that affect the performance of RO and ED, such as water temperature, flow rate, and salt concentration. It also discusses challenges like membrane fou
Nano materials have properties that make them well suited for addressing issues with current water treatment technologies. Their large surface area and reactivity allows them to more effectively adsorb contaminants. Nano adsorbents like carbon nanotubes and metal oxides can remove higher levels of pollutants. Nano catalysts like titanium dioxide and zinc oxide use photoactivity to break down chemicals. Nanoscale filters made of alumina or carbon nanotubes can remove bacteria and viruses. While nanotechnology shows promise for improving water treatment, further research is needed to assess environmental and health risks and make the techniques economically viable at large scales.
The document summarizes an installation of AquaBlok at the Kearny Marsh in New Jersey to encapsulate contaminated sediments. Six test plots totaling 21,600 square feet were created using three blends of AquaBlok at a thickness of 6 inches each. The project demonstrated that AquaBlok can serve as an alternative substrate for restoring contaminated sites, though it does not provide adequate nutrients for healthy marsh growth. Metal concentrations in the AquaBlok plots declined significantly after capping and did not increase over time, indicating metals were not breaking through. Concentrations of PCBs and OCPs were also significantly lower in the AquaBlok substrate compared to uncapped sediments.
David Degenkolb, Gary Saxton, and Michael K. Tierney received a Technical Achievement Award for developing a silver recovery ion exchange system that eliminates hazardous silver ions from wash water, allowing the water to be recycled and reused. This system improves the quality of a laboratory's wash water while significantly reducing environmental impact and water consumption.
Removing dissolved minerals from seawater through desalination could help address freshwater shortages but faces challenges. Over 15,000 desalination plants operate worldwide using methods like reverse osmosis or thermal distillation. However, desalination is energy intensive and produces toxic brine waste. New technologies aim to reduce energy usage and better handle brine, but challenges around cost and environmental impact remain.
Water Pollution Prevention and Treatment using NanotechnologyAshish Kavaiya
If nanotechnology is to represent societal as well as technical progress, It will have to contribute to the solution of global problems such as water quality. Providing clean and affordable water to meet human needs is a grand challenge of the 21st century. Worldwide, water supply struggles to keep up with the fast growing demand, which is exacerbated by population growth, global climate change, and water quality deterioration. The need for technological innovation to enable integrated water management cannot be overstated. Nanotechnology holds great potential in advancing water and wastewater treatment to improve treatment efficiency as well as to augment water supply through safe use of unconventional water sources.
Given the importance of clean water to people in developed and developing countries, numerous organizations are considering the potential application of nanoscience to solve technical challenges associated with the removal of water contaminants. Technology developers and others claim that these technologies offer more effective, efficient, durable, and affordable approaches to removing specific types of pollutants from water. A range of water treatment
devices that incorporate nanotechnology are already on the market and others are in advanced stages of development. These nanotechnology applications include:
• Nanofiltration membranes, including desalination technologies;
• Attapulgite clay, zeolite, and polymer filters;
• Nanocatalysts;
• Magnetic nanoparticles; and
• Nanosensors for the detection of contaminants
Desalination Overview and 24 MLD Jaffna SWRO Project May, 2015 - Water Globe.Private Consultants
TA-8668 SRI: Rapid Assessment of Seawater Desalination and
Other Alternative Water Sources for Jaffna Water Supply Water - Globe Consulting Nikolay Voutchkov
Puralytics is a startup company founded in 2007 that develops light-activated nanotechnology for water purification. Their technology uses LEDs or sunlight to excite a nanotechnology-coated mesh, which then kills pathogens, destroys chemicals, adsorbs heavy metals, and purifies water through 5 light-activated processes. Their products include the Shield 500 water purification system, SolarBag personal water purifier, and LilyPad system for treating stormwater runoff. Studies show the LilyPad is effective at reducing various contaminants like pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and petrochemicals in stormwater through natural sunlight.
Ground water distillation by basin type solar still for different basin water...IJERA Editor
Adequate quality and reliability of drinking water supply is a fundamental need. Without potable water or
drinking water (less than about 500 ppm of salt) human life is not possible. Only 1% of Earth's water is in a
fresh, liquid state, and nearly all of this is polluted by both diseases and toxic chemicals. For this reason,
purification of water supplies is extremely important.
Keeping these things in mind, we have devised a model which will convert the saline ground water into pure
and potable water using the renewable source of energy (i.e. solar energy). Solar energy is an abundant, never
lasting, and available on site and pollution free energy.Solar Energy is freely available and can be used as a very
cheap option to convert saline ground Water through Solar Distillation, by using Solar Stills. The conventional
single basin and single slop Passive Solar Still can be used to purify water but the main problem is that the per
square meter distillate output is less. So it is need to modify the design of solar still for high output of solar
distillate
Solar still is easy to construct, can be done by local people from locally available materials, simple in
operation by unskilled Personnel, no hard maintenance requirements and almost no operation cost. Simplest
basin type models of solar still in earlier days, researchers have progressed a lot to increase its efficiency.
Suitable modification of solar still can produce high output using minimum areas of land and even in cloudy
days. Experimental study is done at Rewa M.P. on two different basin water depth solar stills. Low water depth
solar water still is produced more distillate than high water depth still by the experiment.
A study on the removal of metal ions by Eichhornia Crassipes Sooraj Garg
The document summarizes a study on using water hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes) to remove metal ions from water. It discusses the objectives of studying the plant's efficiency in removing metals and the effect of pH. It reviews literature on the plant's removal of metals like copper, cadmium, and chromium from over 90% within 25 days. The methodology discusses preparing synthetic wastewater with metals like iron, aluminum, copper and chromium at different pH levels and concentrations. Results show the plant removed over 90% of chromium at pH 4.5 but only 33-77% at other pH levels. Iron removal was 78-80% on average. The plant absorbed more iron than other metals.
Nano technology in ervironmental engineeringVishnu Raj
Nano technology has the potential to address current problems in water treatment by utilizing unique properties of nanomaterials. Nanoparticles can be used for nanoadsorption, nanocatalysis, nanofiltration, and nanoremediation to more efficiently treat water and wastewater. However, further development is needed to prove safety and reduce costs before wide applications. Research on environmental risks from nanoparticles in water systems is also important.
This document discusses the use of nanotechnology for wastewater treatment. It notes that over 75% of the Earth is covered in water, but less than 1% is accessible freshwater for human use. Nanomaterials like dendrimers, metal nanoparticles, zeolites and carbon nanotubes can be used for wastewater treatment through processes like nanosorption, nanofiltration and photocatalysis. These nanomaterials have advantages over conventional treatment methods like higher efficiency and capacity. However, scaling up nanotechnology for wastewater treatment remains a challenge.
nanotechnology has entered the sphere of water treatment processes. Many different types of nanomaterial’s are being evaluated and also being used in water treatment process.
Desalination is a key market area. Vast majority of worlds water is salt water, and though technology has existed for years that enables the desalination of ocean water, it is often a very energy intensive procedure and therefore expensive
This document proposes a design for reducing plastic waste by utilizing the bacteria Ideonella sakaiensis, which can break down the plastic polyethylene terephthalate (PET or PETE). The design involves growing I. sakaiensis in a batch reactor using PET plastic as a food source. The byproducts would then be separated and utilized to grow plants in a greenhouse. Any toxic byproducts like ethylene glycol would be recovered and sold. The goals are to reduce ocean plastic pollution, operate the system sustainably from "cradle to cradle", and produce zero toxic waste. Key considerations include growth conditions for the bacteria, economic feasibility, and safety.
Nano porous membranes for water purification by shrinath ghadgeShrinath Ghadge
Continuous population growth and urbanization as well as rapid industrialization, causing huge contamination of potable water or underground water, has been a serious concern all over the world. Due to incompetency of conventional water purification technologies to deliver complete pollutants free water at an economical price, a high performance, cost-effective and environmentally acceptable separation system is an urgent need which should not only remove macro-, micro- and nano-pollutants but also desalinate water to a significant extent. In this milieu, nanotechnology based carbon nanotube (CNT) membranes have shown impressive breakthroughs towards water purification as compared to existing energy intensive water purification systems and thus, this technology has immense potential for large scale commercial water purification in a cost effective manner.
Nanotechnology in waste water treatmentSakthivel R
This document discusses how nanotechnology can be used for waste water treatment. It explains that nanoparticles are effective at removing pollutants from water due to their high surface area. Various nanomaterials like metal nanoparticles, carbon nanomaterials, and zeolites can be used. Specifically, nano sorbents can sorbe a wide variety of organic and inorganic contaminants, nano catalysts can increase reaction rates to degrade contaminants, and biomimetic membranes allow for efficient desalination using reverse osmosis. Molecularly imprinted polymers also selectively remove pollutants even at low concentrations. Overall, nanotechnology provides effective, efficient, and eco-friendly approaches to water treatment.
This master's thesis examined methods for improving solar water disinfection (SODIS) using zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles. Testing showed that adding 0.01g/L of ZnO or TiO2 accelerated bacterial coliform inactivation, with TiO2 working faster than ZnO. Using nanoparticles also prevented bacterial re-growth for up to 7 days, unlike standard SODIS. The study demonstrated the potential for low-cost water treatment and identified opportunities to further enhance SODIS effectiveness, such as using different nanoparticle sizes and coating bottles.
The document discusses the use of nanobioremediation to clean up environmental pollution. It proposes using genetic engineering and nanoparticles to enhance the ability of microorganisms to remediate contaminants. Key points:
1) Nanoparticles and genetic engineering can be used to modify microbial cells to increase their ability to degrade various pollutants like heavy metals and organic compounds through increased enzyme production and substrate specificity.
2) Immobilizing microbial cells and enzymes onto nanoparticles increases their stability and reusability, improving bioremediation efficiency.
3) A radioresistant bacterium, Deinococcus radiodurans, has been genetically engineered to remediate multiple contaminants found in radioactive waste, providing a
This document discusses various parameters for analyzing water quality, including total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, hardness, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). It provides details on the sources and effects of each parameter and explains the methods used to measure levels that can determine water quality. The key aspects covered are substances of interest in water analysis and the methods used to measure levels and determine quality.
Steve Malloy, Principal Engineer, Irvine Ranch Water District (IRWD) presents on the selection of MBR technology, including pre-selection and purchase of the membrane equipment, a description of the IRWD MBR facility, and lessons learned for use by other agencies, consulting engineers, and equipment vendors considering installation of an MBR for recycled water production.
Ionic resins are widely used in water treatment processes. They can remove various pollutants from drinking water and have been increasingly used in recent years. Ion exchange resins are used for water softening, desalination, wastewater treatment by removing harmful substances, and recovering valuable chemicals, heavy metals, and rare elements. Common applications for ion exchange resins in water treatment include removing boron, chromium, nitrate, natural organic matter, bromide, and softening and purifying water.
The document provides information about Environmental Laboratory Services' testing capabilities for effluent treatment plants. It summarizes how effluent treatment plants work through primary, secondary, and tertiary treatment processes. It then describes the specific tests ELS can perform, including influent characterization, air quality monitoring, process control parameters, sludge testing, and analysis of final effluent and receiving waters.
Removing dissolved minerals from seawater through desalination could help address freshwater shortages but faces challenges. Over 15,000 desalination plants operate worldwide using methods like reverse osmosis or thermal distillation. However, desalination is energy intensive and produces toxic brine waste. New technologies aim to reduce energy usage and better handle brine, but challenges around cost and environmental impact remain.
Water Pollution Prevention and Treatment using NanotechnologyAshish Kavaiya
If nanotechnology is to represent societal as well as technical progress, It will have to contribute to the solution of global problems such as water quality. Providing clean and affordable water to meet human needs is a grand challenge of the 21st century. Worldwide, water supply struggles to keep up with the fast growing demand, which is exacerbated by population growth, global climate change, and water quality deterioration. The need for technological innovation to enable integrated water management cannot be overstated. Nanotechnology holds great potential in advancing water and wastewater treatment to improve treatment efficiency as well as to augment water supply through safe use of unconventional water sources.
Given the importance of clean water to people in developed and developing countries, numerous organizations are considering the potential application of nanoscience to solve technical challenges associated with the removal of water contaminants. Technology developers and others claim that these technologies offer more effective, efficient, durable, and affordable approaches to removing specific types of pollutants from water. A range of water treatment
devices that incorporate nanotechnology are already on the market and others are in advanced stages of development. These nanotechnology applications include:
• Nanofiltration membranes, including desalination technologies;
• Attapulgite clay, zeolite, and polymer filters;
• Nanocatalysts;
• Magnetic nanoparticles; and
• Nanosensors for the detection of contaminants
Desalination Overview and 24 MLD Jaffna SWRO Project May, 2015 - Water Globe.Private Consultants
TA-8668 SRI: Rapid Assessment of Seawater Desalination and
Other Alternative Water Sources for Jaffna Water Supply Water - Globe Consulting Nikolay Voutchkov
Puralytics is a startup company founded in 2007 that develops light-activated nanotechnology for water purification. Their technology uses LEDs or sunlight to excite a nanotechnology-coated mesh, which then kills pathogens, destroys chemicals, adsorbs heavy metals, and purifies water through 5 light-activated processes. Their products include the Shield 500 water purification system, SolarBag personal water purifier, and LilyPad system for treating stormwater runoff. Studies show the LilyPad is effective at reducing various contaminants like pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and petrochemicals in stormwater through natural sunlight.
Ground water distillation by basin type solar still for different basin water...IJERA Editor
Adequate quality and reliability of drinking water supply is a fundamental need. Without potable water or
drinking water (less than about 500 ppm of salt) human life is not possible. Only 1% of Earth's water is in a
fresh, liquid state, and nearly all of this is polluted by both diseases and toxic chemicals. For this reason,
purification of water supplies is extremely important.
Keeping these things in mind, we have devised a model which will convert the saline ground water into pure
and potable water using the renewable source of energy (i.e. solar energy). Solar energy is an abundant, never
lasting, and available on site and pollution free energy.Solar Energy is freely available and can be used as a very
cheap option to convert saline ground Water through Solar Distillation, by using Solar Stills. The conventional
single basin and single slop Passive Solar Still can be used to purify water but the main problem is that the per
square meter distillate output is less. So it is need to modify the design of solar still for high output of solar
distillate
Solar still is easy to construct, can be done by local people from locally available materials, simple in
operation by unskilled Personnel, no hard maintenance requirements and almost no operation cost. Simplest
basin type models of solar still in earlier days, researchers have progressed a lot to increase its efficiency.
Suitable modification of solar still can produce high output using minimum areas of land and even in cloudy
days. Experimental study is done at Rewa M.P. on two different basin water depth solar stills. Low water depth
solar water still is produced more distillate than high water depth still by the experiment.
A study on the removal of metal ions by Eichhornia Crassipes Sooraj Garg
The document summarizes a study on using water hyacinth (Eichhornia Crassipes) to remove metal ions from water. It discusses the objectives of studying the plant's efficiency in removing metals and the effect of pH. It reviews literature on the plant's removal of metals like copper, cadmium, and chromium from over 90% within 25 days. The methodology discusses preparing synthetic wastewater with metals like iron, aluminum, copper and chromium at different pH levels and concentrations. Results show the plant removed over 90% of chromium at pH 4.5 but only 33-77% at other pH levels. Iron removal was 78-80% on average. The plant absorbed more iron than other metals.
Nano technology in ervironmental engineeringVishnu Raj
Nano technology has the potential to address current problems in water treatment by utilizing unique properties of nanomaterials. Nanoparticles can be used for nanoadsorption, nanocatalysis, nanofiltration, and nanoremediation to more efficiently treat water and wastewater. However, further development is needed to prove safety and reduce costs before wide applications. Research on environmental risks from nanoparticles in water systems is also important.
This document discusses the use of nanotechnology for wastewater treatment. It notes that over 75% of the Earth is covered in water, but less than 1% is accessible freshwater for human use. Nanomaterials like dendrimers, metal nanoparticles, zeolites and carbon nanotubes can be used for wastewater treatment through processes like nanosorption, nanofiltration and photocatalysis. These nanomaterials have advantages over conventional treatment methods like higher efficiency and capacity. However, scaling up nanotechnology for wastewater treatment remains a challenge.
nanotechnology has entered the sphere of water treatment processes. Many different types of nanomaterial’s are being evaluated and also being used in water treatment process.
Desalination is a key market area. Vast majority of worlds water is salt water, and though technology has existed for years that enables the desalination of ocean water, it is often a very energy intensive procedure and therefore expensive
This document proposes a design for reducing plastic waste by utilizing the bacteria Ideonella sakaiensis, which can break down the plastic polyethylene terephthalate (PET or PETE). The design involves growing I. sakaiensis in a batch reactor using PET plastic as a food source. The byproducts would then be separated and utilized to grow plants in a greenhouse. Any toxic byproducts like ethylene glycol would be recovered and sold. The goals are to reduce ocean plastic pollution, operate the system sustainably from "cradle to cradle", and produce zero toxic waste. Key considerations include growth conditions for the bacteria, economic feasibility, and safety.
Nano porous membranes for water purification by shrinath ghadgeShrinath Ghadge
Continuous population growth and urbanization as well as rapid industrialization, causing huge contamination of potable water or underground water, has been a serious concern all over the world. Due to incompetency of conventional water purification technologies to deliver complete pollutants free water at an economical price, a high performance, cost-effective and environmentally acceptable separation system is an urgent need which should not only remove macro-, micro- and nano-pollutants but also desalinate water to a significant extent. In this milieu, nanotechnology based carbon nanotube (CNT) membranes have shown impressive breakthroughs towards water purification as compared to existing energy intensive water purification systems and thus, this technology has immense potential for large scale commercial water purification in a cost effective manner.
Nanotechnology in waste water treatmentSakthivel R
This document discusses how nanotechnology can be used for waste water treatment. It explains that nanoparticles are effective at removing pollutants from water due to their high surface area. Various nanomaterials like metal nanoparticles, carbon nanomaterials, and zeolites can be used. Specifically, nano sorbents can sorbe a wide variety of organic and inorganic contaminants, nano catalysts can increase reaction rates to degrade contaminants, and biomimetic membranes allow for efficient desalination using reverse osmosis. Molecularly imprinted polymers also selectively remove pollutants even at low concentrations. Overall, nanotechnology provides effective, efficient, and eco-friendly approaches to water treatment.
This master's thesis examined methods for improving solar water disinfection (SODIS) using zinc oxide (ZnO) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles. Testing showed that adding 0.01g/L of ZnO or TiO2 accelerated bacterial coliform inactivation, with TiO2 working faster than ZnO. Using nanoparticles also prevented bacterial re-growth for up to 7 days, unlike standard SODIS. The study demonstrated the potential for low-cost water treatment and identified opportunities to further enhance SODIS effectiveness, such as using different nanoparticle sizes and coating bottles.
The document discusses the use of nanobioremediation to clean up environmental pollution. It proposes using genetic engineering and nanoparticles to enhance the ability of microorganisms to remediate contaminants. Key points:
1) Nanoparticles and genetic engineering can be used to modify microbial cells to increase their ability to degrade various pollutants like heavy metals and organic compounds through increased enzyme production and substrate specificity.
2) Immobilizing microbial cells and enzymes onto nanoparticles increases their stability and reusability, improving bioremediation efficiency.
3) A radioresistant bacterium, Deinococcus radiodurans, has been genetically engineered to remediate multiple contaminants found in radioactive waste, providing a
This document discusses various parameters for analyzing water quality, including total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity, hardness, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and chemical oxygen demand (COD). It provides details on the sources and effects of each parameter and explains the methods used to measure levels that can determine water quality. The key aspects covered are substances of interest in water analysis and the methods used to measure levels and determine quality.
Steve Malloy, Principal Engineer, Irvine Ranch Water District (IRWD) presents on the selection of MBR technology, including pre-selection and purchase of the membrane equipment, a description of the IRWD MBR facility, and lessons learned for use by other agencies, consulting engineers, and equipment vendors considering installation of an MBR for recycled water production.
Ionic resins are widely used in water treatment processes. They can remove various pollutants from drinking water and have been increasingly used in recent years. Ion exchange resins are used for water softening, desalination, wastewater treatment by removing harmful substances, and recovering valuable chemicals, heavy metals, and rare elements. Common applications for ion exchange resins in water treatment include removing boron, chromium, nitrate, natural organic matter, bromide, and softening and purifying water.
The document provides information about Environmental Laboratory Services' testing capabilities for effluent treatment plants. It summarizes how effluent treatment plants work through primary, secondary, and tertiary treatment processes. It then describes the specific tests ELS can perform, including influent characterization, air quality monitoring, process control parameters, sludge testing, and analysis of final effluent and receiving waters.
The document provides an introduction to water treatment plant design. It discusses the objectives of water treatment being to provide potable and palatable water. It covers water quality characteristics and common raw water problems. The most common unit operations and processes used in treatment are outlined, including clarification, filtration, disinfection and softening. Factors to consider in plant site selection, layout, and coordination of design disciplines are presented. Examples of process flow diagrams for various treatment methods are shown.
This document summarizes a student project on photocatalytic degradation of polluted water using zinc oxide. The students visited textile industries in Pithampur, collected water samples, and treated them using synthesized zinc oxide photocatalyst and visible light. They found the process effectively degraded dyes and reduced COD within 90 minutes. The students propose this as a low-cost and environmentally friendly water treatment solution that could help textile industries solve the problems of high costs and inconsistency of existing treatment plants.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON DOMESTIC EFFLUENT USED IN CONCRETEIRJET Journal
This document presents an experimental study on using domestic effluent water in concrete. The study analyzed the properties of domestic wastewater, including pH, BOD, COD, solids, temperature, and more. Different mixtures of concrete were prepared by replacing potable water with varying percentages (25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) of treated domestic wastewater. The concrete samples were cured for 7, 14, and 28 days and then tested. The results showed that replacing potable water with treated wastewater did not significantly affect the slump or density of concrete. Using treated wastewater in concrete production can help conserve potable water resources.
This document analyzes upgrading the Ashbridges Bay Wastewater Treatment Plant to tertiary treatment in order to reduce nutrient loads discharged into Lake Ontario. It discusses the plant's current secondary treatment processes and effluent quality. Tertiary treatment technologies are compared, with denitrifying filters identified as the best option due to their relatively small footprint and high removal rates of nitrogen and phosphorus. Implementing tertiary treatment could significantly reduce nutrient loads into Lake Ontario if adopted by all plants discharging into the lake, but each plant would need to lower effluent nutrient limits and have sufficient space for the required tertiary processes.
IRJET- Comparative Study of Efficiency of Local Plants in Water TreatmentIRJET Journal
This document presents a comparative study of the efficiency of local plants (Moringa, Cactus, Aloevera) in water treatment. Moringa powder showed the highest removal efficiency of 97.5% at a dosage of 70mg/l. Cactus achieved 87.6% removal at 60mg/l. Aloevera showed only 67% removal at its optimum dosage. The study also performed an optimization analysis to determine the optimum conditions for the natural coagulants, varying factors like initial turbidity, pH, temperature, and contact time. The optimization improved the efficiency of the natural coagulants significantly. The document discusses the drawbacks of conventional chemical coagulants and highlights natural coagul
ASSESSMENT OF WASTE WATER TREATMENT IN CANAANLAND, OTA, OGUN STATE, NIGERIA.O...Felix Oginni
Effluent from a sewage treatment plant in Covenant University, Canaanland is made to pass through a series of constructed wetland before discharging into a gully that drains into River Iju (also known as Atuara). This river is used as a source of drinking water and also provides food in form of fish for hundreds of thousands of people downstream and eventually enters the lagoon, some 60km away. Effectiveness and adequacy of the wastewater treatment facility in place was assessed in order to improve sanitation within this watershed, thereby alleviating environmental challenges in this coastal region of Nigeria. Waste water is gravity drained to the southwest portion of the campus where the solid is removed and the liquid is allowed to flow through six sets of constructed wetlands, each with four chambers. Within each chamber are water hyacinth plants put in place to remove nutrients from the waster water.
A quick survey of the facility shows the system to be effective in reducing and removing solids and dissolved solids from the waste water. The pH ranged between 6.6 and 6.8, conductivity from 530 to 600, and total dissolved solids (TDS) ranged from 360 – 400 ppm. The data obtained indicate that some modifications need to be made as the waste water treatment system is not very efficient in reducing the amount of TDS and nutrients. The flow rate is considered to be very high from cell to cell, thereby not allowing time for the plants and microbes to reduce the TDS. It is suggested that some method be devised to slow down the flow rate to allow the plants and microbes to work on reducing the TDS. Parameters also also considered included DO, E. Coli. Nitrate and Phosphates.
IRJET- Treatment of Galvanized Waste Water in Industry OutletIRJET Journal
The document discusses the treatment of wastewater from galvanized industries using adsorption processes. Natural adsorbents like watermelon rinds, citrus lemon, and hyacinth plants are used to remove heavy metals like iron, ammonium, and chloride ions from the wastewater. Experiments show the adsorption process is effective and economical for reducing the concentration of these contaminants. The optimum parameters for removing iron, ammonium, and chloride are identified as contact time of 90 minutes, adsorbent dosage of 60mg/L, and initial concentrations of 33mg/L, 23mg/L, and 771mg/L respectively. The treated water can be reused for irrigation after the contamin
Water supplies in the Permian Basin are tightening. 240 counties in Texas are now designated as primary natural disaster areas due to drought. Water recycling technologies are numerous with rapid innovation.We’ve catalogued over 50 different processes used to purify wastewater. There is no one-size-fits-all solution. Freshwater availability, waste disposal costs, and fracturing fluid specifications are just a sample of factors that influence decisions. In this presentation, delivered at the DUG Permian Basin Conference on May 21, 2014, Wilson Perumal & Company Consultant John Hughes presents key elements to consider when developing a comprehensive water management strategy.
This document provides an agenda and summaries from a wastewater information meeting held by the City and County of Honolulu on August 1, 2011. The meeting included presentations from the CCH Department of Environmental Services, Synagro (a biosolids management company), and the Hawaii Department of Health on the current state of Honolulu's wastewater and biosolids management systems as well as contingency plans being considered. These included a feasibility study to haul wastewater sludge to other treatment plants on Oahu and an environmental assessment of proposed upgrades to expand capacity at the Sand Island Wastewater Treatment Plant. Attendees were also informed about next steps, which included budgeting for planning and design work as well as
IRJET- Analysis of Physico-Chemical Parameters of Sacred Nuggikeri Lake Dharw...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes the physico-chemical parameters of Nuggikeri Lake in Dharwad, India and evaluates the efficiency of natural adsorbents for removing total dissolved solids (TDS) from water. Testing found the lake water quality to be below standards. Experiments showed that coconut shell flour and neem leaf powder were effective at removing TDS, with coconut shell flour reducing TDS by 69.66% and neem leaf powder reducing it by 73.73% at optimal conditions. Both adsorbents were found to effectively remove TDS from the lake water through the adsorption process.
IRJET- Treatment of Textile Effluent by using Natural CoagulantsIRJET Journal
This document summarizes a study on using natural coagulants to treat textile effluent wastewater. Two natural coagulants were tested: water hyacinth (Eirchorrnia crassipes) and nirmali seeds (Strychnos potatorum). The textile effluent wastewater was analyzed before and after treatment with the natural coagulants and with alum (the chemical coagulant) for comparison. Treatment with both natural coagulants reduced parameters like turbidity, chlorides, alkalinity, and biochemical oxygen demand to a greater degree than treatment with alum. Water hyacinth was identified as the most effective natural coagulant, reducing turbidity by 53
Indonesia Natural Zeolite manufacturer producer, wholesale and exporter by D&W Corporation which is specialized producing Natural Zeolite for fertilizer, Zeolite for feed additive and Zeolite for Aquaculture. Include Green Granular (Granule) Zeolite, Green Powder Zeolite, Zeolite Chips, Volcanic Soll (Volcanic Powder).
The document provides information on the syllabus and topics covered for an environmental engineering course. It includes details on:
1. The course will have 50 marks for theory and 50 marks for practical components. Various assessments like exams, assignments, attendance will contribute to the final marks.
2. Key topics that will be covered include introduction to environmental engineering, water supply engineering, environmental pollution, legislation and management. Specific topics within water supply engineering like water treatment processes, distribution networks and quality management will be examined.
3. Recommended textbooks and reference materials are provided to guide study on the various topics.
1) The document describes the key physical, chemical, and biological characteristics used to analyze industrial wastewater quality.
2) It covers 4 categories - physical, chemical, microbiological, and radiological - and describes parameters like turbidity, temperature, pH, and toxic substances.
3) Measurement methods for parameters like BOD, COD, and solids are also outlined to analyze wastewater contaminants and inform treatment.
THE WATER QUALITY ASSESSMENT IN AND AROUND AMUBULIAR WATERSHED OF PUDUKKOTTAI...IRJET Journal
This document analyzes the water quality in and around the Ambuliyar watershed in Pudukkottai district, southern Tamil Nadu, India. Water samples were collected from 17 wells during the pre-monsoon period in 2022 and tested for various physical and chemical parameters. The results were mapped using GIS software and categorized based on standards from the WHO, BIS, and ISI. Most samples fell within acceptable limits for pH, HCO3-, SO42- and Cl- according to drinking and irrigation standards. However, many samples exceeded limits for K- and F- concentrations. The document discusses the findings for various water quality parameters like electrical conductivity, temperature, total dissolved solids, calcium and magnesium
This document discusses source water characteristics and basic water chemistry. It provides information on the Safe Drinking Water Act and its requirements. It also summarizes the key characteristics of groundwater and surface water sources, including common contaminants. Primary and secondary drinking water regulations are outlined for inorganic, organic, radiological and biological contaminants. Additional water quality parameters like turbidity, taste and odor, color and pH are also described. The document is an educational resource on water quality and treatment fundamentals.
This document evaluates the siltation and analyzes water samples from Koradi Lake in India. Koradi Lake provides water to the nearby Koradi Thermal Power Plant. Samples were collected from 5 locations in the lake and analyzed for various physical and chemical parameters. The analyses found that some parameters exceeded desirable limits set by the Central Pollution Control Board of India. The surface area of the lake has decreased from 194 hectares to 121 hectares due to silt deposition and weed growth. The original capacity of 6.16 cubic million meters has been reduced to the current capacity of 4.84 cubic million meters due to 1.33 cubic million meters of silt deposition. Phytoplankton and zooplankton analyses
4. Is a Contaminant still a contaminant if the dissolved constituents are reduced?
• “
Water
treatment
is
a
difficult
process
in
the
Marcellus
Shale
gas
produc@on.
The
brine
resul@ng
can
be
pumped
into
fresh
water
at
a
rate
prescribed
by
the
DEP.
Unlike
the
BarneR
Shale,
evapora@on
in
open
tanks
is
not
an
op@on
due
to
the
high
rainfall
in
Pennsylvania.
Between
30
to
70%
of
fracing
water
typically
returns
to
the
surface
along
with
hydrocarbons,
heavy
metals,
naturally
organic
radioac@ve
materials,
and
the
TDS.”
• Carnegie
Mellon
University
in
a
2010
report
Marcellus
Shale:
Winners
and
Losers
An
Analysis
of
Current
Issues,
4
8. The Trials
We have run field trials and have confidential agreements with producers in both
Pennsylvania and West Virginia looking for various solutions.
8
9. At withdraw, discharge time (Post Treatment) a dual stage filter operation to
effectively remove the TSS. Using a Sand Filter to capture separated material
and a specialty filter, activated carbon filter. This final step is needed and
allows the treated water to be reclaimed and reused as fracturing water.
TCLP testing - no bad leachate
9
10. Does our Evaluation and Field Application work present a viable
water recovery technology for the Natural Gas Industry?
• The Results
The changes in these properties from beginning to end of the process
indicate that the product stream has been purified from tested
contaminants and fracwater has been reduced from contaminants.
Further, the chemical makeup of the contaminants have been changed as
indicated by the change in values of TDS, pH, conductivity, specific
gravity, and chlorides
A lab director said, “Your treatment is doing what you were
expecting in the reduction of samples especially samples with as
complex of a matrix as yours...”
10