A short presentation in English and Italian cities in Victorian times, including two model ones (one in Britain and one in Italy), inspired by reading Hard Times by Dickens. The students who worked on it are in their second year of high school (2L1 - ISIS Carcano - Como)
Francisco de Goya nació en 1746 en España y murió en 1828 en Francia. Se formó como pintor en el estilo rococó pero desarrollo un estilo personal. Creó famosos cartones para tapices y retratos reales, y durante la guerra contra Napoleón pintó escenas del sufrimiento del pueblo español. En sus últimos años, creó las tétricas Pinturas Negras antes de exiliarse a Francia, donde continuó trabajando hasta su muerte.
La sociedad durante la Guerra Civil españolaAita99
La sociedad civil española sufrió mucho durante la Guerra Civil debido a los bombardeos frecuentes, la escasez de alimentos que provocó hambre y el mercado negro, y el gran número de refugiados que abandonaron sus hogares destruidos, mientras que los milicianos civiles voluntarios lucharon junto a la República y las mujeres se incorporaron al trabajo para sustituir a los hombres en la guerra.
Salvador Dalí fue un pintor español surrealista nacido en 1904 en Figueras. Se destacó por su técnica paranoico-crítica y obras como "La persistencia de la memoria". En 1929 conoció a Gala, su musa y compañera de vida. Alternó entre España y Estados Unidos, donde expuso en museos. Exploró temas como el psicoanálisis, la ciencia y la religión. Murió en 1989, dejando un legado como uno de los máximos exponentes del surrealismo.
Francisco de Goya nació en 1746 en España y murió en 1828 en Francia. Se formó como pintor en el estilo rococó pero desarrollo un estilo personal. Creó famosos cartones para tapices y retratos reales, y durante la guerra contra Napoleón pintó escenas del sufrimiento del pueblo español. En sus últimos años, creó las tétricas Pinturas Negras antes de exiliarse a Francia, donde continuó trabajando hasta su muerte.
La sociedad durante la Guerra Civil españolaAita99
La sociedad civil española sufrió mucho durante la Guerra Civil debido a los bombardeos frecuentes, la escasez de alimentos que provocó hambre y el mercado negro, y el gran número de refugiados que abandonaron sus hogares destruidos, mientras que los milicianos civiles voluntarios lucharon junto a la República y las mujeres se incorporaron al trabajo para sustituir a los hombres en la guerra.
Salvador Dalí fue un pintor español surrealista nacido en 1904 en Figueras. Se destacó por su técnica paranoico-crítica y obras como "La persistencia de la memoria". En 1929 conoció a Gala, su musa y compañera de vida. Alternó entre España y Estados Unidos, donde expuso en museos. Exploró temas como el psicoanálisis, la ciencia y la religión. Murió en 1989, dejando un legado como uno de los máximos exponentes del surrealismo.
Technology played a huge role in determining the outcome of World War II. Most inventions were developed during the interwar years, improving on ideas from World War I. Ships from World War I like U-boats and aircraft carriers were modified due to time constraints, and innovations included adding a snorkel to U-boats, building the largest aircraft carrier ever in the Japanese Shinano, and creating the Deutschland class cruiser to avoid restrictions of the Treaty of Versailles. New weapons also emerged like jet and rocket powered aircraft, cluster bombs, advanced radio, and the Manhattan Project that developed the first nuclear bombs.
Marc Chagall was a Russian-French painter and artist who lived from 1887-1985. He was born in Russia but found fame as part of the avant-garde art scene in Paris in the early 20th century. Chagall's art was highly influenced by his Jewish upbringing and childhood memories of rural Russia. Throughout his long life, he continued to create paintings, stained glass works, and sculptures inspired by biblical themes and his recollections of village life.
Jackson Pollock was an influential American painter and a major figure in the abstract expressionist movement. He is best known for his unique "drip and splash" technique where he poured and dripped paint directly from the can onto canvases laid on the floor or attached to the walls. This action style of painting with no identifiable focal point became his signature all-over composition. By the 1960s, Pollock was recognized as the most important American painter of the 20th century, though he struggled with alcoholism and died in a car crash at age 44.
Goya fue un pintor español que reflejó las contradicciones de su época histórica entre los siglos XVIII y XIX. Su estilo evolucionó de una visión más optimista a otra más crítica y patética, influenciada por su sordera y el sufrimiento de la guerra. Sus obras más famosas incluyen Los caprichos, Los desastres de la guerra, y Las pinturas negras, conocidas por sus temas oscuros que criticaban la sociedad. Goya es considerado el primer pintor moderno por su influencia en
Nella mia presentazione ho esaminato lo sviluppo della Pop Art americana, la sua nascita e la sua indiretta critica verso l’insidioso mondo della cultura di massa.
Il percorso inizialmente introduce il concetto di massificazione, le sue principali cause e il suo diffondersi all’interno della popolazione. In seguito ho analizzato le principali caratteristiche dell’opera Pop, come i suoi toni sgargianti, i suoi temi rivoluzionari e il linguaggio diretto e incisivo, elementi che diverranno identificativi di una delle correnti d’avanguardia più innovative del X secolo. Ulteriore approfondimento sarà dedicato al prodotto di consumo, nuovo oggetto di desiderio per la società americana, ma soprattutto nuovo soggetto dell’opera Pop.
Infine ho esaminato le incongruenze e le banalità che risiedono nel consumismo: ne è un esempio l’aumento di valore di un articolo di supermercato firmato da un artista Pop. La presentazione è inoltre accompagnata da alcune delle opere dei più importanti artisti della Pop Art americana quali Roy Lichtenstein, Oldenburg, Segal e Andy Warhol.
The cartoon depicts Wilson and Lodge's differing viewpoints on the League of Nations. It seems to show Lodge's perspective that Wilson has an unrealistic view of the League that will not align with political realities. The cartoonist appears skeptical about the future of the League of Nations given the divisions between Wilson and Lodge on American involvement.
Kazimir Malevich was a pioneering Russian artist who developed Suprematism, an abstract art movement focused on basic geometric shapes. He was born in Ukraine to Polish parents and showed artistic talent from a young age. Malevich experimented with different styles before developing Suprematism, which featured non-objective compositions of basic shapes like circles, squares, and triangles. He believed art should transcend imagery and focus on the relationships between shapes and colors. Malevich's Suprematist works like Black Square and White on White were influential in the development of abstract art in the early 20th century. He taught and promoted Suprematism until his death from cancer in 1935.
The cartoon criticizes the weak response of Britain and France to Mussolini's invasion of Abyssinia in 1935. It depicts Britain and France singing a song threatening only a mild memorandum of disapproval while dressed in ridiculous costumes, implying their actions through the League of Nations have become a farce. The cartoon, published in the British magazine Punch, reflects the growing public despair at the League's inability to effectively counter aggression by its member states.
IGCSE HIstory: Shock to the system:The Nazi Soviet PactGuerillateacher
This cartoon by the British cartoonist David Low was published in the Evening Standard newspaper on 20 September 1939. It shows Hitler, who is saying: 'The scum of the earth I believe?' and Stalin, who replies: 'The bloody assassin of the workers, I presume?
A Visual History of the Visual Arts - Part 3: "The Age of Globalization"piero scaruffi
A Visual History of the Visual Arts - Part 3 The Age of Globalization - A free supplement to "A Brief History of Knowledge" (Amazon ebook) - The slideshare version is not downloadable. The downloadable chapters are here: http://www.scaruffi.com/art/history/index.html
La Guerra Civil Española estalló en 1936 tras un levantamiento militar encabezado por el general Franco contra el gobierno republicano. La sublevación triunfó inicialmente en el Protectorado Español de Marruecos y se extendió por el sur y el centro de España. Tras intensos combates, Madrid resistió el asedio franquista. Más tarde, Franco capturó el norte industrializado y avanzó hacia Teruel, mientras el bando republicano lanzaba ofensivas infructuosas en Brunete y Belchite. La guerra terminó con la vict
Presentation - Spain in the 20th and 21st centuriesrafakarmona
The document provides an overview of Spain's political history from the 19th century to the mid-20th century. It notes that in the 19th century, Spain lost most of its American colonies and experienced a constitutional monarchy, republics, and periods of absolute monarchy. In the early 20th century, Spain experienced military dictatorships, republics, and a civil war. The civil war began in 1936 following a military coup and resulted in General Francisco Franco's nationalist forces defeating the republican loyalists by 1939, after which Franco established a long-lasting dictatorship that lasted until his death in 1975.
The document summarizes the political and economic turmoil in Germany following World War 1 and the Treaty of Versailles. It discusses the harsh terms imposed by the treaty, including war reparations and territorial losses. This created deep resentment in Germany and damaged the economy. In the early 1920s, hyperinflation crippled the country. The Nazis attempted to seize power in 1923 with a failed coup in Munich. Later in the decade, Gustav Stresemann helped stabilize the economy but the Great Depression caused another economic collapse, fueling further political instability and rising support for the Nazis.
After World War II, the style of Abstract Expressionism developed in New York City with the goal of making it the new center of the art world. Artists like Mark Rothko and Jackson Pollock helped develop this style which featured abstract, non-representational works. Willem de Kooning was a pioneering leader of Abstract Expressionism, producing abstract paintings characterized by vibrant color and dramatic brushwork from the 1940s until his death in 1997.
Francisco de Goya y Lucientes (1746-1828) fue uno de los tres grandes pintores españoles junto con Velázquez y Picasso. Vivió durante un periodo complejo que incluyó la crisis del Antiguo Régimen. Su obra, influenciada por las ideas ilustradas y liberales, evolucionó de forma moderna y tuvo un impacto decisivo en la pintura de los siglos XIX y XX. Creó numerosas obras maestras como retratista real y grabador, incluyendo sus famosas series de grabados como "Los caprichos" y "
This cartoon by the British cartoonist David Low was published in the Evening Standard newspaper on 21 October 1939. Having destroyed Poland, Hitler and Stalin stroll down their now-shared frontier.
Technology played a huge role in determining the outcome of World War II. Most inventions were developed during the interwar years, improving on ideas from World War I. Ships from World War I like U-boats and aircraft carriers were modified due to time constraints, and innovations included adding a snorkel to U-boats, building the largest aircraft carrier ever in the Japanese Shinano, and creating the Deutschland class cruiser to avoid restrictions of the Treaty of Versailles. New weapons also emerged like jet and rocket powered aircraft, cluster bombs, advanced radio, and the Manhattan Project that developed the first nuclear bombs.
Marc Chagall was a Russian-French painter and artist who lived from 1887-1985. He was born in Russia but found fame as part of the avant-garde art scene in Paris in the early 20th century. Chagall's art was highly influenced by his Jewish upbringing and childhood memories of rural Russia. Throughout his long life, he continued to create paintings, stained glass works, and sculptures inspired by biblical themes and his recollections of village life.
Jackson Pollock was an influential American painter and a major figure in the abstract expressionist movement. He is best known for his unique "drip and splash" technique where he poured and dripped paint directly from the can onto canvases laid on the floor or attached to the walls. This action style of painting with no identifiable focal point became his signature all-over composition. By the 1960s, Pollock was recognized as the most important American painter of the 20th century, though he struggled with alcoholism and died in a car crash at age 44.
Goya fue un pintor español que reflejó las contradicciones de su época histórica entre los siglos XVIII y XIX. Su estilo evolucionó de una visión más optimista a otra más crítica y patética, influenciada por su sordera y el sufrimiento de la guerra. Sus obras más famosas incluyen Los caprichos, Los desastres de la guerra, y Las pinturas negras, conocidas por sus temas oscuros que criticaban la sociedad. Goya es considerado el primer pintor moderno por su influencia en
Nella mia presentazione ho esaminato lo sviluppo della Pop Art americana, la sua nascita e la sua indiretta critica verso l’insidioso mondo della cultura di massa.
Il percorso inizialmente introduce il concetto di massificazione, le sue principali cause e il suo diffondersi all’interno della popolazione. In seguito ho analizzato le principali caratteristiche dell’opera Pop, come i suoi toni sgargianti, i suoi temi rivoluzionari e il linguaggio diretto e incisivo, elementi che diverranno identificativi di una delle correnti d’avanguardia più innovative del X secolo. Ulteriore approfondimento sarà dedicato al prodotto di consumo, nuovo oggetto di desiderio per la società americana, ma soprattutto nuovo soggetto dell’opera Pop.
Infine ho esaminato le incongruenze e le banalità che risiedono nel consumismo: ne è un esempio l’aumento di valore di un articolo di supermercato firmato da un artista Pop. La presentazione è inoltre accompagnata da alcune delle opere dei più importanti artisti della Pop Art americana quali Roy Lichtenstein, Oldenburg, Segal e Andy Warhol.
The cartoon depicts Wilson and Lodge's differing viewpoints on the League of Nations. It seems to show Lodge's perspective that Wilson has an unrealistic view of the League that will not align with political realities. The cartoonist appears skeptical about the future of the League of Nations given the divisions between Wilson and Lodge on American involvement.
Kazimir Malevich was a pioneering Russian artist who developed Suprematism, an abstract art movement focused on basic geometric shapes. He was born in Ukraine to Polish parents and showed artistic talent from a young age. Malevich experimented with different styles before developing Suprematism, which featured non-objective compositions of basic shapes like circles, squares, and triangles. He believed art should transcend imagery and focus on the relationships between shapes and colors. Malevich's Suprematist works like Black Square and White on White were influential in the development of abstract art in the early 20th century. He taught and promoted Suprematism until his death from cancer in 1935.
The cartoon criticizes the weak response of Britain and France to Mussolini's invasion of Abyssinia in 1935. It depicts Britain and France singing a song threatening only a mild memorandum of disapproval while dressed in ridiculous costumes, implying their actions through the League of Nations have become a farce. The cartoon, published in the British magazine Punch, reflects the growing public despair at the League's inability to effectively counter aggression by its member states.
IGCSE HIstory: Shock to the system:The Nazi Soviet PactGuerillateacher
This cartoon by the British cartoonist David Low was published in the Evening Standard newspaper on 20 September 1939. It shows Hitler, who is saying: 'The scum of the earth I believe?' and Stalin, who replies: 'The bloody assassin of the workers, I presume?
A Visual History of the Visual Arts - Part 3: "The Age of Globalization"piero scaruffi
A Visual History of the Visual Arts - Part 3 The Age of Globalization - A free supplement to "A Brief History of Knowledge" (Amazon ebook) - The slideshare version is not downloadable. The downloadable chapters are here: http://www.scaruffi.com/art/history/index.html
La Guerra Civil Española estalló en 1936 tras un levantamiento militar encabezado por el general Franco contra el gobierno republicano. La sublevación triunfó inicialmente en el Protectorado Español de Marruecos y se extendió por el sur y el centro de España. Tras intensos combates, Madrid resistió el asedio franquista. Más tarde, Franco capturó el norte industrializado y avanzó hacia Teruel, mientras el bando republicano lanzaba ofensivas infructuosas en Brunete y Belchite. La guerra terminó con la vict
Presentation - Spain in the 20th and 21st centuriesrafakarmona
The document provides an overview of Spain's political history from the 19th century to the mid-20th century. It notes that in the 19th century, Spain lost most of its American colonies and experienced a constitutional monarchy, republics, and periods of absolute monarchy. In the early 20th century, Spain experienced military dictatorships, republics, and a civil war. The civil war began in 1936 following a military coup and resulted in General Francisco Franco's nationalist forces defeating the republican loyalists by 1939, after which Franco established a long-lasting dictatorship that lasted until his death in 1975.
The document summarizes the political and economic turmoil in Germany following World War 1 and the Treaty of Versailles. It discusses the harsh terms imposed by the treaty, including war reparations and territorial losses. This created deep resentment in Germany and damaged the economy. In the early 1920s, hyperinflation crippled the country. The Nazis attempted to seize power in 1923 with a failed coup in Munich. Later in the decade, Gustav Stresemann helped stabilize the economy but the Great Depression caused another economic collapse, fueling further political instability and rising support for the Nazis.
After World War II, the style of Abstract Expressionism developed in New York City with the goal of making it the new center of the art world. Artists like Mark Rothko and Jackson Pollock helped develop this style which featured abstract, non-representational works. Willem de Kooning was a pioneering leader of Abstract Expressionism, producing abstract paintings characterized by vibrant color and dramatic brushwork from the 1940s until his death in 1997.
Francisco de Goya y Lucientes (1746-1828) fue uno de los tres grandes pintores españoles junto con Velázquez y Picasso. Vivió durante un periodo complejo que incluyó la crisis del Antiguo Régimen. Su obra, influenciada por las ideas ilustradas y liberales, evolucionó de forma moderna y tuvo un impacto decisivo en la pintura de los siglos XIX y XX. Creó numerosas obras maestras como retratista real y grabador, incluyendo sus famosas series de grabados como "Los caprichos" y "
This cartoon by the British cartoonist David Low was published in the Evening Standard newspaper on 21 October 1939. Having destroyed Poland, Hitler and Stalin stroll down their now-shared frontier.
E-book del progetto "Ripartire dalle radici. la memoria e il sapere al servizio di un progetto per una nuova qualità sociale della vita nel rione Monti"
Realizzato da Upter Solidarietà, in collaborazione con
Fitel Lazio, Associazione Culturale Sportiva Ricreativa Rione Monti, Associazione Storie di Mondi Possibili.
Finanziato dalla Provincia di Roma, Dipartimento IX “Servizi Sociali”, bando Prevenzione Mille.
Fiume Olona, Mulini, Corti Storiche a Pogliano MilaneseIniziativa 21058
IL FIUME OLONA, I MULINI E LE CORTI STORICHE
L’ACQUA: UNA RISORSA PER POGLIANO MILANESE
In questo breve escursus sulla vita poglianese
e sulle sue architetture tipiche, i cortili e i mulini,
spero di aver dato uno scorcio importante del
nostro paese che si è realizzato attraverso
la fatica del lavoro e il senso di comunità,
che si raccoglieva nei momenti di gioia e
di dolore,come su due colonne portanti si
costruisce un edificio.
Spero che questo lavoro porti anche la voglia
e la gioia di altri approfondimenti e soprattutto
serva agli abitanti del paese a valorizzare e a
“voler bene” al loro paese.
Tesi di Giorgio Bassetti
http://www.poglianomilanese.org/homepage/docs/pdf/fiume_Olona_mulini_cortiStoriche.pdf
Questa presentazione può avere un ruolo importante per diffondere la vera storia dell'unità d'Italia, ma soprattutto dicendo notizie della nostra storia, del Regno delle Due Sicilie, che loro non ci vogliono far conoscere, non scrivendo niente, se non la semplice esistenza, riguardo il nostro splendido regno, che ha avuto una valenza internazionale per molti anni! No alla Censura. Condividete questa presentazione affinchè anche i vostri amici e gli amici di amici possano conoscere tante notizie importantissime che ci aiutano a spiegare molti interrogativi che ci poniamo (es. industrializzazione del nord maggiore rispetto al Sud), ma soprattutto possano agire, possano ribellarsi e in un secondo momento dividerci finalmente da un nord che ci sfrutta, che non ci vuole far intraprendere che ci infligge molti e molti svantaggi!
Roma dopo il 1870: Urbanistica e Architettura Parte 1/4Portante Andrea
Una carrellata che ripercorre l’evoluzione urbanistica di Roma dalla breccia di Porta Pia fino quasi ai nostri giorni.
Si parte con un “prequel”, i piani degli anni napoleonici, che contengono un po’ i semi di tutti gli sviluppi futuri. Esamineremo l’espansione della città attraverso i diversi Piani Regolatori che si sono succeduti (1873, 1883, 1909, 1931, 1942), puntualmente ignorati o elusi dagli interessi delle società immobiliari, le grandi “occasioni perse” per la città.
All’evoluzione urbanistica accompagneremo l’evoluzione del quadro architettonico, con il succedersi e sovrapporsi di stili dal neo barocco all’umbertino, dal “barocchetto romano” al liberty e al razionalismo, il tutto in una presentazione dal ritmo serrato con uso predominante di foto e video.
This document discusses different ways to talk about the future in English. It outlines uses for will, be going to, present continuous, and may. Will is used to talk about objective truths or inevitable outcomes. Be going to is used to talk about planned actions or predictions based on evidence. Present continuous describes planned activities that have already been arranged. May expresses possibility or is used to give or ask permission.
A presentation on the use of the present perfect simple and continuous in English, autonomosly produced by a small group of 16-year-old Italian students.
A short presentation in English and Italian on life and work in Victorian times, inspired by reading Hard Times by Dickens. The students who worked on it are in their second year of high school (2L1 - ISIS Carcano - Como)
A short presentation in English and Italian on the plot of Dickens's Hard Times, inspired by reading the novel. The students who worked on it are in their second year of high school (2L1 - ISIS Carcano - Como)
A short presentation in English and Italian on Charles Dickens's life and main works, inspired by reading his novel, Hard Times. The students who worked on it are in their second year of high school (2L1 - ISIS Carcano - Como)
A short presentation in English and Italian on how Dickens invented suggestive names for his characters and places in Hard Times, inspired by reading the novel. The students who worked on it are in their second year of high school (2L1 - ISIS Carcano - Como)
2. The streets of
London were full
of activity and
people that went
to work from home
and went home
from work.
Le strade di Londra erano piene di attività e le persone
andavano dal lavoro a casa e da casa al lavoro
They were also places of work themselves.
Le strade erano anche luogo di lavoro stesso
3. On those streets there was activity even at two in the morning. In fact,
you would have met men, women, street-children sleeping on
doorsteps, street-vendors, people who were coming home after a
sixteen-hour day or were returning from assemblies.
In queste strade c’era attività anche alle due di mattina. Infatti,
potevi incontrare uomini, donne, bambini di strada, persone che
stavano tornando a casa dopo una giornata di 16 ore o stavano
ritornando da assemblee.
4. An important place in London was
Covent Garden, the centre that fed
the populace with its market, and
that was also near the two most
important theatres: Drury lane, for
poor people, and Lowther Arcade,
for wealthy people.
Un posto importante a Londra era il Covent
Garden, il centro che alimentava il popolo con il
suo mercato; lì vicino c’erano i due più importanti
teatri: Drury lane, per gente povera, e Lowther
Arcade, per persone ricche
5. Anyway it' s difficult to know how London
really was in Dickens’s lifetime (from 1812 to
1870), because imagination and reportage are
hard to distinguish.
The places that are described by Dickens aren't
only from the mind of a novelist, they are real
and unbelievably look like they really are.I posti descritti da Dickens
non erano soltanto
immaginazione del
romanziere, erano reali e
sembravano davvero come
erano realmente.
In ogni caso è difficile
sapere come era realmente
Londra durante il periodo di
Dickens (1812-1870) perché
immaginazione e reportage
sono difficili da distinguere
7. Half of the population of Britain lived in cities
La metà della popolazione inglese viveva in città.
Life expectancy decreased
Le aspettative di vita calano
notevolmente.
8. In the cities there was more work and
higher wages but the living conditions
were very bad
In campagna e nei piccoli paesi c'era uno
stile di vita più sano ma si soffriva la fame
In the countryside and in small towns there
was more healthy lifestyle but people starved
Nelle città c'era piu lavoro e salari più
alti ma le condizioni di vita erano
pessime.
9. There was high mortality rate because of
illnesses such as the black death.
Alto tasso di mortalita a causa delle
malattie come ai tempi della morte nera.
Le principali erano il colera che era stato
provocato da acqua inquinata , il tifo diffuso dai
pidocchi, e 'la diarrea estiva' causata da sciami di
mosche che si nutrivano di sterco di cavallo e
rifiuti umani.
caused by swarms of flies that fed
on horse manure and human
waste
The main were
that was caused by polluted water
Typhoid
Cholera
spread by lice
‘Summer diarrhea'
10. The reason why these epidemics were so
frequent was because the urban area of the
city was neglected, there were open sewers
and unhealthy housing.
Il motivo per cui queste epidemie erano
cosi diffuse era perchè l'area urbana
della città era trascurata, c'erano infatti
fognature all'aperto e alloggi malsani.
11. Cities became more densely packed, creating
dead-ends and foul alleys, and damp cellars
offered miserable accommodation.
Uno dei maggiori problemi creati dalla
crescita delle grandi città, era quella di
ospitare la popolazione. Infatti mentre
all'inizio i vittoriani spendevano poco e
loro figli morivano giovani,piu tardi i
vittoriani spendevano di più e godevano
di una vita più lunga
One of the greatest problems created by the
rise of great cities, was that of housing the
population. in fact while the early Victorians
spent little and their children died young, later
Victorians spent more and enjoyed a longer life
Le città diventarono più densamente
popolate, creando vicoli ciechi e sporchi ,
e cantine umide fungevano da alloggio
miserabile.
12. Nei primi anni del 1860, le corti non
avevano sistemi di ventilazione, e
normalmente contenevano le latrine o gli
scarichi comuni a tutte le misere
abitazioni, con i loro liquidi melmosi che
filtravano attraverso i muri e gli odori
disgustosi che entravano dalle finestre
In the early 1860s, the courts had no through
ventilation, and normally contained 'the privy
or ashpit common to all the wretched
dwellings, with its liquid filth oozing through
their walls, and its pestiferous gases flowing
into the windows'.
13. Nel 1854 il 50 per cento delle famiglie aveva una
camera sola. La maggior parte delle case non
aveva un approvvigionamento idrico autonomo
o privato, e quello condiviso spesso non era
responsabilità di nessuno
In 1854 about 50 per cent of families had only
a single room. Most houses did not have an
independent water supply or privy, and what
was shared was often the responsibility of no
one.
14. Le condizione delle città sembrava
intollerabile e fonte di pericolo poichè
quest'ultime erano spesso sporche e
potevano far ammalare le persone.
The condition of the city seemed intolerable
and dangerous because they were often dirty
and could make people sick
C'è stato un massiccio aumento del livello
di investimenti nella sanità pubblica.
There was a massive increase in the level of
investment in public health.
15. Entro la fine del 19 ° secolo le città di tutta la Gran
Bretagna hanno cessato di essere costruite a buon
mercato e nel 1900 la vita nelle grandi città era sana
come in campagna
By the end of the 19th century cities
throughout Britain ceased to be built on the
cheap, and by 1900 life in the great cities was
just as healthy as in the countryside.
16. Nel XIX sec. si avvia in Europa un intenso
processo di urbanizzazione che assunse
dimensioni fino ad allora mai viste
Tale processo fu conseguenza dello
sviluppo industriale che richiedeva grandi
concentrazioni di manodopera e mercati
di consumo per le proprie merci.
Masse enormi di contadini si
trasformarono in proletariato urbano,
facendo aumentare le dimensioni delle
città.
In the 19° century an intense process
of urbanization that took on
dimensions never seen before
Huge masses of paesants were
transformed into urban
proletarians, increasing the size of
the city.
This process was a result of
industrial development that
required large concentrations of
labor and consumer markets for
their goods.
17. Gli elementi che caratterizzarono le città industriali del 800 furono soprattutto due:
La collocazione geografica
Le dinamiche politiche interne
le materie
prime e le
fonti d’energia
Nodi di
commercio
Disponibilità di
manodopera
Vincoli
corporativi
deboli
The elements that caratterized the 19 th century’s industrial towns were:
The geographic position
Raw materials and
energy sauces
Knots of
commerce
Internal political dynamics
f
Week
corporate ties
Availability of manpower
18. Coketown era una città inventata da Dickens ma basata sui fatti: di un
rosso e un nero innaturali per il fumo e la cenere, di macchine e di alte
ciminiere che emettevano costantemente fumo. Era una città monotona,
dove tutto era uguale: case, strade, chiese, edifici e persone che facevano
lo stesso lavoro e le stesse cose.
Coketown was a fictional city created by Dickens but based on facts. Innatural red and black
for smoke and ash, machinery and tall smokestacks, which constantly released smoke. It was a
tedious town, where everything was the same: houses, streets, churches, places and the
people who did the same job and the same things.
19. L’industria l’aveva fatta nascere ma si
trovavano le comodità di vita del resto del
mondo. C’erano perfino ben 18 sette
religiose di cui nessuno sapeva i
componenti...
Although it was an industrial town, there were
the comforts of the rest of the world. There
were even 18 religiuoses sects, whose
members nobody knew…
20. Nel 2001 viene inserita tra i Patrimoni
dell’umanità dell’UNESCO.
Saltaire è un villaggio vittoriano situato
nell'area metropolitana di Bradford, West
Yorkshire, Inghilterra.
La città viene fondata nel 1853
per migliorare la qualità della
vita dei lavoratori che
alloggiavano a Bradford.
Saltaire is a Victorian village situated on the
metropolitan area of Bradford, in the west
Yorkshire,England
The city was founded in 1853 to
improve the quality of the life of
the workers that lived in Bradford
In 2001 it became a UNESCO World
Heritage Site
21.
22.
23. Sorge sopra la confluenza del
fiume Brembo nell'Adda, all'estremità
meridionale dell'Isola bergamasca.
Per il suo rilievo storico e
architettonico fu, nel 1995,
annoverato tra i patrimoni
dell'umanità dall'UNESCO.
È sede di un villaggio operaio,
operante nel settore
tessile cotoniero sorto a opera
di Cristoforo Benigno Crespi a partire
dal 1875 e passato poi nelle mani del
figlio.
For its historical and architectural
importance in 1995 it was listed
among the UNESCO World
Heritage Sites.
It is the home of a workers’
village, operating in the cotton
textile industry, which was built
thanks to Cristoforo Benigno
Crespi in 1875 and later passed
into the hands of his son.
It rises above the confluence of the
river Brembo in the Adda at the
southern end of the Bergamo area.
24. Oltre alle casette delle famiglie
operaie (complete di giardino ed
orto) e alle ville per i dirigenti il
villaggio era dotato
di chiesa , scuola, cimitero, ospedale
proprio davanti alla fabbrica, campo
sportivo, teatro, stazione dei
pompieri e di altre strutture
comunitarie.
Il progetto di Crespi prevedeva di affiancare agli stabilimenti un vero e proprio
villaggio che ospitasse alcuni operai della fabbrica e le loro famiglie.
In addition to the working-class
families’ houses (complete with
garden and vegetable garden) and
the villas for the managers, the
village was equipped with a
church, a school, a cemetery, a
hospital and, right opposite the
factory, a sports ground, a
firestation and other community
facilities.
The project of Crespi was meant to provide a
real village to house some factory workers
and their families close to the factory.
25. Nel prato di fronte al famedio dei Crespi
vi sono piccole croci disposte in modo
ordinato e geometrico
Il cimitero di Crespi d'Adda, è dominato
dalla tomba della famiglia Crespi, che
sembra idealmente simboleggiare
l'abbraccio della famiglia Crespi a tutti gli
operai del villaggio.
In the lawn in front of the Crespi’s
memorial tomb there are small crosses
arranged in an orderly and geometric
way
The cemetery of Crespi d’Adda is
dominated by the Crespi family’s tomb,
which seems to ideally symbolize their
embarace to all the workers of the village