CipherDriver.javapackage Unit_6;import java.util.;public cl.pdf
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CipherDriver.java //package Unit_6; import java.util.*; public class CipherDriver { public static void main(String[] args) { int menu1, menu2; Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println(\"Enter (1) to encode a message\"); System.out.println(\"\ Enter (2) to decode a message\"); System.out.println(\"\ Enter (3) to exit\"); menu1 = input.nextInt(); if (menu1 == 3){ System.exit(0); } if (menu1 == 1 ){ int n; System.out.println(\"\ Enter (1) for substitution cipher\"); System.out.println(\"\ Enter (2) for shuffle cipher\"); System.out.println(\"\ Enter (3) to exit\"); menu2 = input.nextInt(); System.out.print(\"\ Enter text to be encoded: \"); Scanner encodeText = new Scanner(System.in); String encode_text = encodeText.nextLine(); if (menu2 == 3) System.exit(0); if (menu2 == 1){ System.out.print(\"\ Enter shift value: \"); n = input.nextInt(); input.nextLine(); SubstitutionCipher sub = new SubstitutionCipher(n); String encodedMessage = sub.encode(encode_text); System.out.println(\"Encode Message: \" + encodedMessage); } if (menu2 == 2){ System.out.print(\"Enter number of shuffles: \"); n = input.nextInt(); input.nextLine(); ShuffleCipher shuffleCipher = new ShuffleCipher(n); String encodedText = shuffleCipher.encode(encode_text); System.out.println(\"Encode Message: \" + encodedText); } encodeText.close(); } if (menu1 == 2){ int n; System.out.println(\"\ Enter (1) for substitution cipher\"); System.out.println(\"\ Enter (2) for shuffle cipher\"); System.out.println(\"\ Enter (3) to exit\"); menu2 = input.nextInt(); System.out.print(\"Enter text to be decode: \"); Scanner decodeText = new Scanner(System.in); String decode_text = decodeText.nextLine(); if (menu2 == 3) System.exit(0); if (menu2 == 1){ System.out.print(\"Enter shift value: \"); n = input.nextInt(); input.nextLine(); SubstitutionCipher substitution = new SubstitutionCipher(n); String decodedText = substitution.decode(decode_text); System.out.println(\"Decoded Message: \" + decodedText); } if (menu2 == 2){ System.out.print(\"Enter number of shuffles: \"); n = input.nextInt(); input.nextLine(); ShuffleCipher shuffleCipher = new ShuffleCipher(n); String decodedText = shuffleCipher.decode(decode_text); System.out.println(\"Decoded Message: \" + decodedText); } decodeText.close(); } input.close(); } } ShuffleCipher.java //package Unit_6; // Create a class ShuffleCipher that implements the interface MessageEncoder public class ShuffleCipher implements MessageEncoder, MessageDecoder { // The constructor should have one parameter called n private int n; // The constructor which takes the shuffle value public ShuffleCipher (int n){ this.n = n; } // Performs single shuffle private String shuffle(String text){ int splitLetter; if (text.length() % 2 == 0) splitLetter = text.length() / 2; else splitLetter = ((text.length() + 1) / 2); String first = text.substring(0, splitLetter); String second = text.substring(splitLetter); String shuffleText = \"\"; for(int i = 0, j = 0; i < first.
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![CipherDriver.java
//package Unit_6;
import java.util.*;
public class CipherDriver {
public static void main(String[] args) {
int menu1, menu2;
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("Enter (1) to encode a message");
System.out.println(" Enter (2) to decode a message");
System.out.println(" Enter (3) to exit");
menu1 = input.nextInt();
if (menu1 == 3){
System.exit(0);
}
if (menu1 == 1 ){
int n;
System.out.println(" Enter (1) for substitution cipher");
System.out.println(" Enter (2) for shuffle cipher");
System.out.println(" Enter (3) to exit");
menu2 = input.nextInt();
System.out.print(" Enter text to be encoded: ");
Scanner encodeText = new Scanner(System.in);
String encode_text = encodeText.nextLine();
if (menu2 == 3)
System.exit(0);
if (menu2 == 1){
System.out.print(" Enter shift value: ");
n = input.nextInt();
input.nextLine();
SubstitutionCipher sub = new SubstitutionCipher(n);
String encodedMessage = sub.encode(encode_text);](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/cipherdriver-230408173911-531196f7/85/CipherDriver-javapackage-Unit_6-import-java-util-public-cl-pdf-1-320.jpg)
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This document discusses using the Scanner class in Java to take user input from the console. It explains the different Scanner methods like nextInt(), nextDouble(), etc. for reading different data types. It provides examples of programs that take user input, perform calculations, and output results. It also includes exercises for students to practice writing programs that take multiple user inputs and perform operations like addition, multiplication, averaging marks, and calculating area and volume using user-provided values.
Example of JAVA Program
This Java program allows a user to perform arithmetic operations and generate random numbers on arrays of double values. The user is presented with a menu to choose between adding, subtracting, multiplying, dividing, dot product, or generating a random array. For each operation, the user can enter size of the arrays and values. The program then performs the selected operation and displays the results. It includes error handling for cases like dividing by zero. Methods are defined to get user input, perform the operations, and generate random numbers within a given range.
Import java
This document contains code for several Java programs that perform various calculations and operations:
1. A FiveNumberSum program that declares integer variables, sums 5 numbers, and prints the result.
2. An ArithmeticTest program that performs arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, remainder) on two integers, prints the results, and demonstrates increment/decrement operators.
3. Additional programs include ones for a triangle class/tester, decimal-binary conversions, trigonometric functions, and determining if a number is odd or even.
Write a program (any language) to randomly generate the following se.pdf
Write a program (any language) to randomly generate the following sets of data: 1) 10 numbers
2) 1,000 numbers 3) 100,000 numbers 4) 1,000,000 numbers 5) 10,000,000 numbers Your
program must sort the above sets of numbers using the following algorithms: a) Insertion Sort b)
Merge Sort c) Quick Sort d) Heap Sort Print out the time each algorithm takes to sort the above
numbers
Solution
import java.io.*;
publicclass randomNo{
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) throws NumberFormatException, IOException {
int n1,n2,ch;
BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
int count = 0;
do
{
System.out.println(\"\ \");
System.out.println(\"Menu:\");
System.out.println(\"1.Insertion Sort\");
System.out.println(\"2.Heap Sort.\");
System.out.println(\"3.Quick SOrt\");
System.out.println(\"4.Merge SOrt\");
System.out.println(\"5.Exit\");
System.out.println(\"Enter your choice: \");
ch=Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());
switch(ch)
{
case 1:
System.out.println(\"Enter range to generate random numbers--Enter n1 & n2::\");
n1=Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());
n2=Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());
int[] arr=newint[n2];
for (int i = 0; i < 10 ; i++)
{
int Random = (n1) + (int)(Math.random()* ((n2-n1)+1));
arr[i]=Random;
System.out.println(Random);
count++;
}
insertionSort(arr,count);
break;
case 2:
System.out.println(\"Enter range to generate random numbers--Enter n1 & n2::\");
n1=Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());
n2=Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());
int[] arr1=newint[20];
for (int i = 0; i < 10 ; i++)
{
int Random = (n1) + (int)(Math.random()* ((n2-n1)+1));
arr1[i]=Random;
System.out.println(Random);
count++;
}
System.out.println(\"\ Before Sorting\");
for(int i=0; i1; i--) {
HeapSort(arr1, i - 1);
}
System.out.println(\"\ Ascending Order\");
for(int i=0; i=0; i--) {
System.out.print(\" \" + arr1[i]);
}
break;
case 3:
System.out.println(\"Enter range to generate random numbers--Enter n1 & n2::\");
n1=Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());
n2=Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());
int[] arr3=newint[20];
for (int i = 0; i < 10 ; i++)
{
int Random = (n1) + (int)(Math.random()* ((n2-n1)+1));
arr3[i]=Random;
System.out.println(Random);
count++;
}
QuickSort(arr3, 0, count-1);
System.out.println(\"\ \ After Sorting\");
System.out.println(\"\ Ascending Order\");
for(int i=0; i=0; i--) {
System.out.print(\" \" + arr3[i]);
}
break;
case 4:
System.out.println(\"Enter range to generate random numbers--Enter n1 & n2::\");
n1=Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());
n2=Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());
int[] arr2=newint[20];
for (int i = 0; i < 10 ; i++)
{
int Random = (n1) + (int)(Math.random()* ((n2-n1)+1));
arr2[i]=Random;
System.out.println(Random);
count++;
}
System.out.println(\"\ Before Sorting\");
for(int i=0; i=0; i--) {
System.out.print(\" \" + arr2[i]);
}
break;
case 5:
System.out.println(\"Invalid\");
default:
break;
}
}while(ch!=5);
}
//Insertion Sort
publicstaticvoid insertionSort(int arr[],int n){
System.out.println(\"\ Before Sorting :\");
for(int i=0; i 0) && .
Linux Systems Programming: Semaphores, Shared Memory, and Message Queues
Linux Systems Programming: Semaphores, Shared Memory, and Message Queues
Lab01.pptx
The document contains instructions for 14 programming exercises involving basic Java concepts like user input, arithmetic operations, loops, strings, and prime number identification. The exercises cover printing greetings, calculating triangle areas, generating even numbers, Fibonacci sequences, factorials, and determining parity, in addition to other foundational programming tasks. Students are guided to write Java code to prompt for input, perform calculations, and output results for each problem.
import java.util.; public class ClientMerge_2 { static Scan.pdf
import java.util.*;
public class ClientMerge_2 {
static Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
public static void main(String[] args) {
UnorderedLinkedListInt list1 = new UnorderedLinkedListInt();
UnorderedLinkedListInt list2 = new UnorderedLinkedListInt();
UnorderedLinkedListInt list3 = new UnorderedLinkedListInt();
int num;
System.out.println(\"Enter integers for the first list(999 to stop)\");
num = input.nextInt();
while (num != 999) {
list1.insertLast((Integer) num);
num = input.nextInt();
}
System.out.println(\"Enter integers for the second list(999 to stop)\");
num = input.nextInt();
while (num != 999) {
list2.insertLast((Integer) num);
num = input.nextInt();
}
System.out.print(\"\ The first list is: \");
list1.print();
System.out.println(\"\ The length of the first list is: \" + list1.length());
if (!list1.isEmptyList()) {
System.out.println(\"First element/list1: \" + list1.front());
System.out.println(\"Last element/list1: \" + list1.back());
}
System.out.print(\"\ The second list is: \");
list2.print();
System.out.println(\"\ The length of the second list is: \" + list2.length());
if (!list2.isEmptyList()) {
System.out.println(\"First element/list2: \" + list2.front());
System.out.println(\"Last element/list2: \" + list2.back());
}
list3 = list1.merge2(list2);
System.out.print(\"\ After concatenating the 2 lists, the merged list1 is: \");
list3.print();
System.out.println(\"\ The length of the merged list is: \" + list3.length());
if (!list3.isEmptyList()) {
System.out.println(\"First element/merged list: \" + list3.front());
System.out.println(\"Last element/merged list: \" + list3.back());
}
System.out.println(\"Enter key for split: \");
num = input.nextInt();
list3.split(list1, list2, num);
System.out.print(\"\ The first list after split is: \");
list1.print();
System.out.print(\"\ The second list after split is: \");
list2.print();
System.out.println();
}
}
Solution
import java.util.*;
public class ClientMerge_2 {
static Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
public static void main(String[] args) {
UnorderedLinkedListInt list1 = new UnorderedLinkedListInt();
UnorderedLinkedListInt list2 = new UnorderedLinkedListInt();
UnorderedLinkedListInt list3 = new UnorderedLinkedListInt();
int num;
System.out.println(\"Enter integers for the first list(999 to stop)\");
num = input.nextInt();
while (num != 999) {
list1.insertLast((Integer) num);
num = input.nextInt();
}
System.out.println(\"Enter integers for the second list(999 to stop)\");
num = input.nextInt();
while (num != 999) {
list2.insertLast((Integer) num);
num = input.nextInt();
}
System.out.print(\"\ The first list is: \");
list1.print();
System.out.println(\"\ The length of the first list is: \" + list1.length());
if (!list1.isEmptyList()) {
System.out.println(\"First element/list1: \" + list1.front());
System.out.println(\"Last element/list1: \" + list1.back());
}
System.out.print(\"\ The second list is: \");
list2.print();
System.out.println(\"\ The length of the second li.
PRACTICAL COMPUTING
The document describes various image filtering and processing techniques in Matlab code, including maximum, minimum, average, smoothing, median, difference, Prewitt, Sobel, unsharp mask, Robert, and Gaussian filters. It also provides examples of quicksort, perfect number, greatest common divisor (GCD), and palindrome algorithms in Java code, as well as descriptions of the Tower of Hanoi problem and finding the shortest path on a grid.
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KOLEJ KOMUNITI - Sijil Aplikasi Perisian Komputer
This document discusses using the Scanner class in Java to take user input from the console. It explains the different Scanner methods like nextInt(), nextDouble(), etc. for reading different data types. It provides examples of programs that take user input, perform calculations, and output results. It also includes exercises for students to practice writing programs that take multiple user inputs and perform operations like addition, multiplication, averaging marks, and calculating area and volume using user-provided values.
Example of JAVA Program
This Java program allows a user to perform arithmetic operations and generate random numbers on arrays of double values. The user is presented with a menu to choose between adding, subtracting, multiplying, dividing, dot product, or generating a random array. For each operation, the user can enter size of the arrays and values. The program then performs the selected operation and displays the results. It includes error handling for cases like dividing by zero. Methods are defined to get user input, perform the operations, and generate random numbers within a given range.
Import java
This document contains code for several Java programs that perform various calculations and operations:
1. A FiveNumberSum program that declares integer variables, sums 5 numbers, and prints the result.
2. An ArithmeticTest program that performs arithmetic operations (addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, remainder) on two integers, prints the results, and demonstrates increment/decrement operators.
3. Additional programs include ones for a triangle class/tester, decimal-binary conversions, trigonometric functions, and determining if a number is odd or even.
Write a program (any language) to randomly generate the following se.pdf
Write a program (any language) to randomly generate the following sets of data: 1) 10 numbers
2) 1,000 numbers 3) 100,000 numbers 4) 1,000,000 numbers 5) 10,000,000 numbers Your
program must sort the above sets of numbers using the following algorithms: a) Insertion Sort b)
Merge Sort c) Quick Sort d) Heap Sort Print out the time each algorithm takes to sort the above
numbers
Solution
import java.io.*;
publicclass randomNo{
publicstaticvoid main(String[] args) throws NumberFormatException, IOException {
int n1,n2,ch;
BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
int count = 0;
do
{
System.out.println(\"\ \");
System.out.println(\"Menu:\");
System.out.println(\"1.Insertion Sort\");
System.out.println(\"2.Heap Sort.\");
System.out.println(\"3.Quick SOrt\");
System.out.println(\"4.Merge SOrt\");
System.out.println(\"5.Exit\");
System.out.println(\"Enter your choice: \");
ch=Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());
switch(ch)
{
case 1:
System.out.println(\"Enter range to generate random numbers--Enter n1 & n2::\");
n1=Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());
n2=Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());
int[] arr=newint[n2];
for (int i = 0; i < 10 ; i++)
{
int Random = (n1) + (int)(Math.random()* ((n2-n1)+1));
arr[i]=Random;
System.out.println(Random);
count++;
}
insertionSort(arr,count);
break;
case 2:
System.out.println(\"Enter range to generate random numbers--Enter n1 & n2::\");
n1=Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());
n2=Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());
int[] arr1=newint[20];
for (int i = 0; i < 10 ; i++)
{
int Random = (n1) + (int)(Math.random()* ((n2-n1)+1));
arr1[i]=Random;
System.out.println(Random);
count++;
}
System.out.println(\"\ Before Sorting\");
for(int i=0; i1; i--) {
HeapSort(arr1, i - 1);
}
System.out.println(\"\ Ascending Order\");
for(int i=0; i=0; i--) {
System.out.print(\" \" + arr1[i]);
}
break;
case 3:
System.out.println(\"Enter range to generate random numbers--Enter n1 & n2::\");
n1=Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());
n2=Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());
int[] arr3=newint[20];
for (int i = 0; i < 10 ; i++)
{
int Random = (n1) + (int)(Math.random()* ((n2-n1)+1));
arr3[i]=Random;
System.out.println(Random);
count++;
}
QuickSort(arr3, 0, count-1);
System.out.println(\"\ \ After Sorting\");
System.out.println(\"\ Ascending Order\");
for(int i=0; i=0; i--) {
System.out.print(\" \" + arr3[i]);
}
break;
case 4:
System.out.println(\"Enter range to generate random numbers--Enter n1 & n2::\");
n1=Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());
n2=Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());
int[] arr2=newint[20];
for (int i = 0; i < 10 ; i++)
{
int Random = (n1) + (int)(Math.random()* ((n2-n1)+1));
arr2[i]=Random;
System.out.println(Random);
count++;
}
System.out.println(\"\ Before Sorting\");
for(int i=0; i=0; i--) {
System.out.print(\" \" + arr2[i]);
}
break;
case 5:
System.out.println(\"Invalid\");
default:
break;
}
}while(ch!=5);
}
//Insertion Sort
publicstaticvoid insertionSort(int arr[],int n){
System.out.println(\"\ Before Sorting :\");
for(int i=0; i 0) && .
Linux Systems Programming: Semaphores, Shared Memory, and Message Queues
Linux Systems Programming: Semaphores, Shared Memory, and Message Queues
Lab01.pptx
The document contains instructions for 14 programming exercises involving basic Java concepts like user input, arithmetic operations, loops, strings, and prime number identification. The exercises cover printing greetings, calculating triangle areas, generating even numbers, Fibonacci sequences, factorials, and determining parity, in addition to other foundational programming tasks. Students are guided to write Java code to prompt for input, perform calculations, and output results for each problem.
import java.util.; public class ClientMerge_2 { static Scan.pdf
import java.util.*;
public class ClientMerge_2 {
static Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
public static void main(String[] args) {
UnorderedLinkedListInt list1 = new UnorderedLinkedListInt();
UnorderedLinkedListInt list2 = new UnorderedLinkedListInt();
UnorderedLinkedListInt list3 = new UnorderedLinkedListInt();
int num;
System.out.println(\"Enter integers for the first list(999 to stop)\");
num = input.nextInt();
while (num != 999) {
list1.insertLast((Integer) num);
num = input.nextInt();
}
System.out.println(\"Enter integers for the second list(999 to stop)\");
num = input.nextInt();
while (num != 999) {
list2.insertLast((Integer) num);
num = input.nextInt();
}
System.out.print(\"\ The first list is: \");
list1.print();
System.out.println(\"\ The length of the first list is: \" + list1.length());
if (!list1.isEmptyList()) {
System.out.println(\"First element/list1: \" + list1.front());
System.out.println(\"Last element/list1: \" + list1.back());
}
System.out.print(\"\ The second list is: \");
list2.print();
System.out.println(\"\ The length of the second list is: \" + list2.length());
if (!list2.isEmptyList()) {
System.out.println(\"First element/list2: \" + list2.front());
System.out.println(\"Last element/list2: \" + list2.back());
}
list3 = list1.merge2(list2);
System.out.print(\"\ After concatenating the 2 lists, the merged list1 is: \");
list3.print();
System.out.println(\"\ The length of the merged list is: \" + list3.length());
if (!list3.isEmptyList()) {
System.out.println(\"First element/merged list: \" + list3.front());
System.out.println(\"Last element/merged list: \" + list3.back());
}
System.out.println(\"Enter key for split: \");
num = input.nextInt();
list3.split(list1, list2, num);
System.out.print(\"\ The first list after split is: \");
list1.print();
System.out.print(\"\ The second list after split is: \");
list2.print();
System.out.println();
}
}
Solution
import java.util.*;
public class ClientMerge_2 {
static Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
public static void main(String[] args) {
UnorderedLinkedListInt list1 = new UnorderedLinkedListInt();
UnorderedLinkedListInt list2 = new UnorderedLinkedListInt();
UnorderedLinkedListInt list3 = new UnorderedLinkedListInt();
int num;
System.out.println(\"Enter integers for the first list(999 to stop)\");
num = input.nextInt();
while (num != 999) {
list1.insertLast((Integer) num);
num = input.nextInt();
}
System.out.println(\"Enter integers for the second list(999 to stop)\");
num = input.nextInt();
while (num != 999) {
list2.insertLast((Integer) num);
num = input.nextInt();
}
System.out.print(\"\ The first list is: \");
list1.print();
System.out.println(\"\ The length of the first list is: \" + list1.length());
if (!list1.isEmptyList()) {
System.out.println(\"First element/list1: \" + list1.front());
System.out.println(\"Last element/list1: \" + list1.back());
}
System.out.print(\"\ The second list is: \");
list2.print();
System.out.println(\"\ The length of the second li.
PRACTICAL COMPUTING
The document describes various image filtering and processing techniques in Matlab code, including maximum, minimum, average, smoothing, median, difference, Prewitt, Sobel, unsharp mask, Robert, and Gaussian filters. It also provides examples of quicksort, perfect number, greatest common divisor (GCD), and palindrome algorithms in Java code, as well as descriptions of the Tower of Hanoi problem and finding the shortest path on a grid.
Modify before asshignment so that we can check input errors, etc.. P.pdf
Modify before asshignment so that we can check input errors, etc.. Please refer to the following
Java code.
You should add switch, run your programing untill you choose figure==0 (using while loop),
cheak input error.
import java.util.*;
public class AreaTestt {
public static void main (String[] args)
{
int choice1 = menu(1);
int choice2 = menu(2)
}
// get user choice
public static int menu(int n)
{
int choice = 0;
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
if(n == 1)
{
System.out.print(\"Information for figure 1: Type 1) rectangle 2) triangle 3) circle: \");
choice = scanner.nextInt();
}
else if(n == 2)
{
System.out.print(\"Information for figure 2: Type 1) rectangle 2) triangle 3) circle: \");
choice = scanner.nextInt();
}
return choice;
}
}
Solution
import java.util.*;
public class AreaTestt {
public static void main(String[] args) {
menu();
}
// get user choice
public static void menu() {
int choice = 0;
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
do {
choice = scanner.nextInt();
switch (choice) {
case 1:
System.out
.print(\"Information for figure 1: Type 1) rectangle 2) triangle 3) circle: \");
break;
case 2:
System.out
.print(\"Information for figure 2: Type 1) rectangle 2) triangle 3) circle: \");
break;
default:
break;
}
} while (choice != 0);
}
}
OUTPUT:
2
Information for figure 2: Type 1) rectangle 2) triangle 3) circle: 3
1
Information for figure 1: Type 1) rectangle 2) triangle 3) circle: 0.
Frequency .java Word frequency counter package frequ.pdf
Frequency .java
/**
* Word frequency counter
*/
package frequency;
import java.util.Iterator;
/**
*
* @author UMD CS
*/
public class Frequency implements Iterable{
private Node first;
private int N;
Frequency(){
N = 0;
first = null;
}
@Override
public Iterator iterator() {
return new ListIterator();
}
/**
*
* List iterator
*
*/
private class ListIterator implements Iterator{
private Node current;
private int index ;
ListIterator(){
current = first;
index = 0;
}
@Override
public boolean hasNext() {
return current != null;
}
public String next() {
if(!hasNext()){
return null;
}
String word = current.key;
int count = current.count;
String r = \"(\"+word + \",\" + Integer.toString(count)+\")\";
current = current.next;
return r;
}
@Override
public void remove() {
}
}
/**
*
* Node class
*
*/
private class Node {
private String key;
private int count;
private Node next;
Node(String item){
key = item;
count = 1;
next = null;
}
@Override
public String toString(){
return \"(\"+key +\",\"+count+\")\";
}
}
/*
* Inserts a word into the linked list. If the word exists, increment the
* count by q.
*/
public void insert(String word){
if(word.equals(\"\")){
return;
}
//TODO
/*
* implement here
*/
}
/**
*
* @param str input string
* This method splits a string into words and pass the words to insert method
*
*/
public void insertWords(String str){
String delims = \"[ .,?!\'\\\"()}{;/<>&=#-:\\\\ _]+\";
String[] words = str.split(delims);
for(String s: words){
s = s.toLowerCase();
insert(s);
}
}
/**
* prints the word frequency list
*/
public void print(){
Node c = first;
while(c != null){
System.out.print(\"(\"+c.key + \",\" + c.count+\")\");
c = c.next;
}
System.out.print(\"\ \");
}
}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------
WordFrequency.java
package frequency;
import utils.In;
import utils.Stopwatch;
/**
*
* @author UMD CS
*/
public class WordFrequency {
/**
* @param input source
* @param
* This method receives input resource and return the word frequency string
* DO NOT CHANGE THIS METHOD.
*/
public static String freq(String inputSource, int maxLines){
In in;
// Frequency class can only count the frequency of strings. DO NOT CHANGE THIS.
Frequency freq = new Frequency();
int MAX = 100;
String inputSourceName = inputSource;
try {
in = new In(inputSourceName);
while (!in.isEmpty()) {
String s = in.readLine();
//System.out.println(s);
freq.insertWords(s);
}
}
catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
StringBuilder strFrequency = new StringBuilder();
int cnt = 0;
for(String s: freq){
strFrequency.append(s);
strFrequency.append(\",\");
cnt++;
if(cnt >= maxLines){break;}
}
return strFrequency.toString();
}
/**
*
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
In in;
Frequency freq = new Frequency();
int MAX = 100;
// String inputSourceName =
\"http://www.cs.umd.edu/class/summer2015/cmsc132/projects/P3_WordFrequency/test1.html\";
String .
C# Program. Create a Windows application that has the functionality .pdf
C# Program. Create a Windows application that has the functionality of a calculator and works
with integral values. Allow the user to select buttons representing numeric values. If the user
attempts to divide by zero, throw and handle an exception.
Solution
below is the code from the windows application in visual studio:
Form1.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace SimpleCalculator
{
public partial class frmCalculator : Form
{
string operand1 = string.Empty;
string operand2 = string.Empty;
string result;
char operation;
public frmCalculator()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void frmCalculator_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
btnOne.Click += new EventHandler(btn_Click);
btnTwo.Click += new EventHandler(btn_Click);
btnThree.Click += new EventHandler(btn_Click);
btnFour.Click += new EventHandler(btn_Click);
btnFive.Click += new EventHandler(btn_Click);
btnSix.Click += new EventHandler(btn_Click);
btnSeven.Click += new EventHandler(btn_Click);
btnEight.Click += new EventHandler(btn_Click);
btnNine.Click += new EventHandler(btn_Click);
btnZero.Click += new EventHandler(btn_Click);
btnDot.Click += new EventHandler(btn_Click);
}
void btn_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
Button btn = sender as Button;
switch (btn.Name)
{
case \"btnOne\":
txtInput.Text += \"1\";
break;
case \"btnTwo\":
txtInput.Text += \"2\";
break;
case \"btnThree\":
txtInput.Text += \"3\";
break;
case \"btnFour\":
txtInput.Text += \"4\";
break;
case \"btnFive\":
txtInput.Text += \"5\";
break;
case \"btnSix\":
txtInput.Text += \"6\";
break;
case \"btnSeven\":
txtInput.Text += \"7\";
break;
case \"btnEight\":
txtInput.Text += \"8\";
break;
case \"btnNine\":
txtInput.Text += \"9\";
break;
case \"btnZero\":
txtInput.Text += \"0\";
break;
case \"btnDot\":
if(!txtInput.Text.Contains(\".\"))
txtInput.Text += \".\";
break;
}
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(\"Sorry for the inconvenience, Unexpected error occured. Details:
\" +
ex.Message);
}
}
private void txtInput_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e)
{
switch (e.KeyChar)
{
case \'1\':
case \'2\':
case \'3\':
case \'4\':
case \'5\':
case \'6\':
case \'7\':
case \'8\':
case \'9\':
case \'0\':
//case \'+\':
//case \'-\':
//case \'*\':
//case \'/\':
//case \'.\':
break;
default:
e.Handled = true;
MessageBox.Show(\"Only numbers, +, -, ., *, / are allowed\");
break;
}
}
private void txtInput_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
private void btnPlus_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
operand1 = txtInput.Text;
operation = \'+\';
txtInput.Text = string.Empty;
}
private void btnMinus_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
operand1 = txtInput.Text;
operation = \'-\';
txtInput.Text = string.Empty;
}
private void btnMulitply_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
operand1 = txtInput.Text;
operation = \'*\';
txtInput.Text = string.Empty;
}
private void btnDivide_Click.
Trace the following part of codes step by step- Show exactly what it w.docx
Trace the following part of codes step by step. Show exactly what it will print? Public class Final 1 { public static void main (String arg[]) { int []x = {2, 2, 1, 3, 4, 7}; int y; y = x[1] + 1; System.out.println(y); x[4] = 1; System.out.println(x[x[4]]); y--; System.out.println(x[y]); int z = x[y + 1]; for (z = 1; z
Solution
Output:
3
2
1
Final output:
3
3
program:
public class FinalOutput {
public static void main(String args[])
{
int []x={2,2,1,3,4,7};
int y;
y=x[1]+1; //y=3 i.e 2+1
System.out.println(y); //print y
x[4]=1; //lacation 4 value tobe chenged to 1
System.out.println(x[x[4]]); //print x[1] value x[4] is 2
y--; //decrease y by 1 so, y=2
System.out.println(x[y]); //print x[2] is 1
int z=x[y+1];
for(z=1;z<=3;z++)
x[z]=2*y-1;
System.out.println(\"Final output:\");
System.out.println(x[z-2]);
System.out.println(x[y]);
}
}
.
(I'm trying to make a menu that repeats unless you enter 4- How do I g.pdf
(I'm trying to make a menu that repeats unless you enter 4. How do I get this to repeat the
printMenu()Method that prints the options and keeps repeating options until you hit exit #4?)
public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { Scanner input = new
Scanner(System.in); printMenu(); int x = input.nextInt(); if ( x == 1) countPunctuation(); if ( x
== 2) charactertoBinary(); if ( x == 3) binaryToCharacter(); if (x == 4) System.out.print("You
have chosen Exit. Goodbye"); if (x > 4) System.out.print("Error"); printMenu(); if (x < 1)
System.out.print("Error"); } // Create first Method. Print Menu*** public static void
printMenu(){ String newline = System.getProperty("line.separator"); System.out.print("Enter '1'
to count punctuation symbols in a String." + newline + "Enter '2' to convert characters to binary."
+ newline + "Enter '3' to convert 8-bit binary to a character." + newline + "Enter '4' to
exit."+newline +"Enter option:"); }.
Java interface
The document discusses interfaces in Java. It defines an interface as a syntactically similar to a class but lacking instance variables and having methods declared without bodies. Interfaces are defined using the interface keyword. A class implements an interface by providing implementations for all the interface's methods. Variables can be declared with an interface type and refer to any class that implements the interface, allowing polymorphic calls through interfaces.
ch05-program-logic-indefinite-loops.ppt
The document discusses different types of loops in Java including while loops, do-while loops, and indefinite loops using sentinels. It provides examples of using random numbers and boolean return values from methods to implement program logic within loops. Key concepts covered include fencepost problems, random number generation, and using boolean values to represent logical tests.
can someone fix the errors in this code- the name needs to be Fraction.pdf
The document contains code for a FractionDemo class that defines methods for creating, manipulating, and displaying fraction objects. It has errors that need to be fixed, including changing the class name to FractionDemo and combining aspects of the fraction and main classes.
Here is my code for a linefile editor Please help me figure out wh.pdf
Here is my code for a line/file editor: Please help me figure out when I input "E" to exit and save
to the textin.txt file, it is not saving anything in textin.txt file. It also is prints "1>" twice when I
hit enter before it will move on to "2>" See my output below and the needed output and I need
the command "E" to save the output to the textin.txt file and terminate the program. "E"
terminates my program, but is not saving to the txt file.
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class FileEdit {
public static List lines = new ArrayList();
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException
{
Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("EDIT: ");
String fileName = s.nextLine();
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(new File(fileName)));
String str="";
int count=0;
while((str=br.readLine())!=null)
{
lines.add(count, str);
System.out.println((++count) + "> "+ str);
}
String text="";
String command = "";
System.out.print((++count)+"> ");
command=s.nextLine();
String commandArr[];
int flag;
while(!command.equals("E"))
{
flag=0;
commandArr = command.split("\\s");
if(commandArr[0].equals("I")) //Insertion
{
while(true)
{
if(commandArr.length==1&&flag!=2)
{
System.out.print((count)+"> ");
text = s.nextLine();
insertLine(text,count-1);
}
else if(commandArr.length==2&&flag!=2)
{
System.out.print((commandArr[1])+"> ");
count=Integer.parseInt(commandArr[1]);
text = s.nextLine();
insertLine(text,Integer.parseInt(commandArr[1])-1);
}
else
insertLine(text,count-1);
System.out.print((++count)+"> ");
command=s.nextLine();
commandArr = command.split("\\s");
if(commandArr[0].equals("I")||commandArr[0].equals("L")||commandArr[0].equals("D")||comm
andArr[0].equals("E"))
{
flag=1;
break;
}
else
{
flag=2;
text=command;
}
}
}
else if(commandArr[0].equals("L")) //Listing
{
printList();
}
else if(commandArr[0].equals("D")) //Deletion
{
if(commandArr.length==1)
{
deleteLine(count-1,count-1);
}
else if(commandArr.length==2)
{
deleteLine(Integer.parseInt(commandArr[1])-1,Integer.parseInt(commandArr[1])-1);
}
else if(commandArr.length==3)
{
deleteLine(Integer.parseInt(commandArr[1])-1,Integer.parseInt(commandArr[2])-1);
}
count=lines.size();
}
if(flag!=1)
{
System.out.print((count++)+"> ");
command = s.nextLine();
}
}
}
public static void insertLine(String text,int count)
{
if (count >= lines.size()) {
for(int i = lines.size(); i <= count; i++) {
lines.add(null);
}
}
lines.set(count,text);
}
public static void deleteLine(int start,int end)
{
for(int i=start;i<=end;i++)
lines.remove(i);
}
public static void printList()
{
for(int i=0;i "+lines.get(i));
}
}
Here is the output I am getting:
EDIT: textin.txt
1> The First Line
1>
2> And another line
3> I 3
3> The second line
4> One more line
5> L
1>
2>
3> The second line
4> One more line
5> D 2
3> L
1>
2> The second line
3> One more line
4> E
Out.
import java.util.;public class Program{public static void.pdf
import java.util.*;
public class Program
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
String x=\"X\";
int amount;
System.out.println(\"Enter amount\");
amount=input.nextInt();
System.out.println(\"Amount is: \"+amount);
for(int i=1; i<=amount; i++)
{
System.out.println(x);
for(int j=1; j<=i; j++)
{
System.out.print(x);
}
}
}
}
Why does It print out the last set of X\'s twice? I am doing basic Java so please try to explain
using the most basic codes.
import java.util.*;
public class Program
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
String x=\"X\";
int amount;
System.out.println(\"Enter amount\");
amount=input.nextInt();
System.out.println(\"Amount is: \"+amount);
for(int i=1; i<=amount; i++)
{
System.out.println(x);
for(int j=1; j<=i; j++)
{
System.out.print(x);
}
}
}
}
Why does It print out the last set of X\'s twice? I am doing basic Java so please try to explain
using the most basic codes.
import java.util.*;
public class Program
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
String x=\"X\";
int amount;
System.out.println(\"Enter amount\");
amount=input.nextInt();
System.out.println(\"Amount is: \"+amount);
for(int i=1; i<=amount; i++)
{
System.out.println(x);
for(int j=1; j<=i; j++)
{
System.out.print(x);
}
}
}
}
Why does It print out the last set of X\'s twice? I am doing basic Java so please try to explain
using the most basic codes.
Solution
Hi,
I have modified the code. it is working as expected now. Highlighted the code changes below.
Issue here is with you have written this statement twice System.out.println(x); which causes the
issue.
Program.java
import java.util.*;
public class Program
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
String x=\"X\";
int amount;
System.out.println(\"Enter amount\");
amount=input.nextInt();
System.out.println(\"Amount is: \"+amount);
for(int i=1; i<=amount; i++)
{
System.out.println();
for(int j=1; j<=i; j++)
{
System.out.print(x);
}
}
}
}
Output:
Enter amount
10
Amount is: 10
X
XX
XXX
XXXX
XXXXX
XXXXXX
XXXXXXX
XXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXX.
JAVA Question : Programming Assignment
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Image Recognition with Neural Network
The document discusses neural networks and their application to image recognition tasks. It describes the basic architecture of a neural network, including input, output, and hidden units. It then provides an example of how a single layer perceptron works using matrix multiplication and activation functions. Finally, it discusses using a neural network with Python to classify handwritten digits from the MNIST dataset, which contains labeled images of handwritten numbers that the network can learn to identify.
delegates
The document discusses thread synchronization in C# using locks and shared objects. It shows examples of using the "this" keyword, same objects, and different objects to synchronize access to shared data between multiple threads. The examples demonstrate writing data to a list from one thread while reading from another thread, ensuring the threads operate sequentially through locking. Output shows the threads executing in a synchronized, orderly manner when using proper locking and objects.
operating system ubuntu,linux,MacProgram will work only if you g.pdf
//operating system ubuntu,linux,Mac
Program will work only if you give command like
sum 2 3 or
sum 4 (sub 4 3)
#include
#include
#include
#include
/*Sum function implementation*/
int sum(int number1,int number2){
return number1+number2;
}
/*sub function implementation*/
int sub(int number1,int number2){
return number1-number2;
}
/*mul function implementation*/
int mul(int number1,int number2){
return number1*number2;
}
/*divide function implementation*/
float divide(int number1,int number2){
if(number2==0){
printf(\"We can not divide by 0 \ \");
return 0.0f;
}
return (float)(number1/number2);
}
char *substring(char *string, int position, int length)
{
char *pointer;
int c;
pointer = malloc(length+1);
if (pointer == NULL)
{
printf(\"Unable to allocate memory.\ \");
exit(1);
}
for (c = 0 ; c < length ; c++)
{
*(pointer+c) = *(string+position-1);
string++;
}
*(pointer+c) = \'\\0\';
return pointer;
}
/*Main Function start*/
int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
/*Variable declarations*/
int number1,number2;
char *operator,*str1,*str2;
char line[50];
char s[2] = \" \";
int errorFlag=0;// checking if user entered more then one operands
while(1){
/*User input*/
printf(\"Please Enter the command \");
gets(line);
int len=0;
for(int i=0; line[i]!=\'\\0\'; ++i){len++;}
if(len==0){
return 1;
}
/*Spliting into Tokens*/
operator = strtok(line, \" \");
if(strcmp(operator,\"bye\")==0){
break;
}
/*String to integer --- token1*/
number1=atoi(strtok(NULL, s));
/*Removing ( and ) from String*/
str2=strtok(NULL, s);
char *content;int length=0;
for(int i=0; str2[i]!=\'\\0\'; ++i){length++;}
if(str2[0]==\'(\'){
content=substring(str2,2,length-1);
char *opr=content;
int n1=atoi(strtok(NULL, s));
int n2=atoi(strtok(NULL, s));
/*If user entered more then two operands then it will return some token otherwise it will
return NULL pointer*/
if(strtok(NULL, s)!=NULL){
printf(\"You need to enter operator operand1 operand2 \ \");
errorFlag=1;
}else{
if(strcmp(opr,\"sum\")==0){
number2=sum(n1,n2);
}else if(strcmp(opr,\"sub\")==0){
number2=sub(n1,n2);
}else if(strcmp(opr,\"mul\")==0){
number2=mul(n1,n2);
} else if(strcmp(opr,\"div\")==0){
number2=divide(n1,n2);
}
}
}else{
number2=atoi(str2);
/*If user entered more then two operands then it will return some token otherwise it will return
NULL pointer*/
if(strtok(NULL, s)!=NULL){
printf(\"You need to enter operator operand1 operand2 \ \");
errorFlag=1;
}
}
if(errorFlag!=1){
/*Checking operator by strcmp function*/
if(strcmp(operator,\"sum\")==0){
printf(\"Result %d \ \",sum(number1,number2));
}else if(strcmp(operator,\"sub\")==0){
printf(\"Result %d \ \",sub(number1,number2));
}else if(strcmp(operator,\"mul\")==0){
printf(\"Result %d \ \",mul(number1,number2));
} else if(strcmp(operator,\"div\")==0){
printf(\"Result %.2f \ \",divide(number1,number2));
}
}
}
return 0;
}
/*******************Output***********************/
gopal@gopal:~/Desktop/chegg$ gcc Calculator.c
Calculator.c: In function ‘main’:
Calculator.c:67:3: warning: implici.
Java Programpublic class Fraction { instance variablesin.pdf
Java Program
public class Fraction {
//instance variables
int num;
int den;
//default construtcor
Fraction()
{
num=0;
den=1;
}
//parametrized constructor
Fraction(int n,int d)
{
num=n;
den=d;
}
//print fraction object
public void print()
{
System.out.println(num+\"/\"+den);
}
//return double value of fraction
public void printAsDouble()
{
try
{
double div=(double)num/(double)den;
System.out.println(div);
}
catch(ArithmeticException e)
{
System.out.println(\"infinity\");
}
catch(Exception e)
{
System.out.println(e);
}
}
//add two fractions
public Fraction add(Fraction param)
{
int tnum=(this.num *param.den)+(this.den*param.num);
int tden=this.den*param.den;
this.num=tnum;
this.den=tden;
return this;
}
//multiply two fractions
public Fraction multiply(Fraction param)
{
int tnum=(this.num *param.num);
int tden=this.den*param.den;
this.num=tnum;
this.den=tden;
return this;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Scanner stdIn = new Scanner(System.in);
Fraction c, d, x; // Fraction objects
System.out.println(\"Enter numerator; then denominator.\");
c = new Fraction(stdIn.nextInt(), stdIn.nextInt());
c.print();
System.out.println(\"Enter numerator; then denominator.\");
d = new Fraction(stdIn.nextInt(), stdIn.nextInt());
d.print();
x = new Fraction(); // create a fraction for number 0
System.out.println(\"Sum:\");
x.add(c).add(d);
x.print();
x.printAsDouble();
x = new Fraction(1, 1); // create a fraction for number 1
System.out.println(\"Product:\");
x.multiply(c).multiply(d);
x.print();
x.printAsDouble();
System.out.println(\"Enter numerator; then denominator.\");
x = new Fraction(stdIn.nextInt(), stdIn.nextInt());
x.printAsDouble();
} //end main Modify the code so that it can handle negative numerators and negative
denominators, and provide a helping method that performs fraction reduction. Sample session
using negative numbers and reduction Enter numerator, then denominator. -5 -8 5/8 Enter
numerator, then denominator. 4 -10 2/5 Sum: 9/40 0.225 Product: 0.25 Enter numerator, then
denominator. 0 -0 indeterminate
Solution
//Fraction.java
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Fraction {
//instance variables
int num;
int den;
//default construtcor
Fraction()
{
num=0;
den=1;
}
// greatest common divisor to reduce fraction
int gcd(int n1, int n2)
{
if (n2 != 0)
return gcd(n2, n1 % n2);
else
return n1;
}
//parametrized constructor
Fraction(int n,int d)
{
num=n;
den=d;
if(d == 0)
{
System.out.println(\"indeterminate\");
System.exit(1);
}
int hcf = gcd(num,den);
num = num/hcf;
den = den/hcf;
}
//print fraction object
public void print()
{
if( (num < 0 && den > 0))
System.out.println(num+\"/\"+den);
else if((num > 0 && den < 0))
System.out.println(\"-\" + num+\"/\"+ (-1*den));
else if(num < 0 && den < 0)
System.out.println( (-1*num)+\"/\"+ (-1*den));
else
System.out.println(num+\"/\"+den);
}
//return double value of fraction
public void printAsDouble()
{
try
{
double div=(double)num/(double)den;
System.out.println(div);
}
catch(ArithmeticException e.
The java program that prompts user to enter a string and .pdf
/*
* The java program that prompts user to
* enter a string and shift key and then
* converts the string to the encoded string
* and prints the encoded string value to console.
* */
//CeaserCipher.java
import java.util.Scanner;
public class CeaserCipher
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
String message;
int shift;
System.out.println(\"Enter a message in small letters,a-z\");
message=scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println(\"Enter shift value\");
shift=scanner.nextInt();
//calling encode method with message, shift value
String encodedMsg=encode(message,shift);
//calling WriteMessage
WriteMessage(encodedMsg);
}
/*Method that prints the encoded text to console*/
private static void WriteMessage(String encodedMsg)
{
System.out.println(\"Encoded text :\"+encodedMsg);
}
//Method that takes string and integer value and returns
//the encoded string to calling method
private static String encode(String message, int shift)
{
StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer(message);
for (int i = 0; i < message.length(); i++)
{
//shift to back to the alphabets
char encodedkey = (char) (\'a\' + (message.charAt(i) -\'a\' + shift) % (\'z\' - \'a\' + 1));
//set character at index,i
sb.setCharAt(i, encodedkey);
}
//return encoded string to calling method
return new String(sb);
}
}
Sample Output:
Enter a message in small letters,a-z
sunday is holiday
Enter shift value
5
Encoded text :xzsifdYnxYmtqnifd
Solution
/*
* The java program that prompts user to
* enter a string and shift key and then
* converts the string to the encoded string
* and prints the encoded string value to console.
* */
//CeaserCipher.java
import java.util.Scanner;
public class CeaserCipher
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
String message;
int shift;
System.out.println(\"Enter a message in small letters,a-z\");
message=scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println(\"Enter shift value\");
shift=scanner.nextInt();
//calling encode method with message, shift value
String encodedMsg=encode(message,shift);
//calling WriteMessage
WriteMessage(encodedMsg);
}
/*Method that prints the encoded text to console*/
private static void WriteMessage(String encodedMsg)
{
System.out.println(\"Encoded text :\"+encodedMsg);
}
//Method that takes string and integer value and returns
//the encoded string to calling method
private static String encode(String message, int shift)
{
StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer(message);
for (int i = 0; i < message.length(); i++)
{
//shift to back to the alphabets
char encodedkey = (char) (\'a\' + (message.charAt(i) -\'a\' + shift) % (\'z\' - \'a\' + 1));
//set character at index,i
sb.setCharAt(i, encodedkey);
}
//return encoded string to calling method
return new String(sb);
}
}
Sample Output:
Enter a message in small letters,a-z
sunday is holiday
Enter shift value
5
Encoded text :xzsifdYnxYmtqnifd.
Short intro to the Rust language
Slides for a brief intro to the Rust Language used in our first Meetup at Rust Barcelona.
These slides just contain basic examples.
1.The Excavata includes taxa that are photosynthetic, parasitic, sym.pdf
1.The Excavata includes taxa that are photosynthetic, parasitic, symbiotic and heterotrophic.
Many of the taxa lack mitochondria, and, therefore, seemed to conform to the requirements of an
archaic premitochondrial ancestor of all eukaryotes. This theory, called the Archezoa
Hypothesis, was created by Cavalier-Smith (1983). The former archezoa began to find homes in
interesting and unexpected places. Patterson (1999) and Simpson and Patterson (2001) defined a
striking structural similarity that many of the former archezoan taxa possessed, a feeding groove
called an excavate. The excavate was a groove that ran longitudinally on the cell surface and was
associated with at least one recurrent flagellum, which set up currents in the groove that served
to concentrate suspended particles and move them to a cytostome. Simpson (2003) identified
seven such groups that had such an excavate apparatus: the Core Jakobids, Malawimonas,
Trimastix, Carpediemonas, Retortomonads, Diplomonads, and the Heterolobosids
(amoeboflagellates). Many of the excavate taxa were mitochondriate and had clear affinities
with taxa that did not bear an excavate. So, by 2003 (Simpson 2003 and Cavalier-Smith 2003b)
at least 10 groups (we interpret it as 11 groups) had been identified as excavate taxa (see Table
1). Burki et al. (2008) and Hampl et al. (2009) confirmed the monophyly of the excavates by
phylogenomic analyses relative to members of the other supergroups. Furthermore, the excavates
appear to be a very deep-rooting group, equivalent to the unikonts (Opisthokonta), and the
bikonts (Chromalveolata + Rhizaria + Archaeplastida).
2.It is very difficult to discover drug against TB sice the bacteria which is mycobacterium is
thermostabile and made up of mycolic acid . An increasing evidence of multidrug resistance in
TB is the major problem in developing drug against TB. The mycobacterium is able to
accumulate drug and become resistant to these drug. This bacteria develop allernative
mechanism to become resistant to the drug.
Malaria
some antimalarials can only be used in certain areas of the world because parasites are resistant
to some drugs. For example, chloroquine can only be used to prevent Plasmodium falciparum in
regions of South America because Plasmodium falciparum is completely resistant to chloroquine
in Africa and Asia.
E. ameoba histoilica
Solution
1.The Excavata includes taxa that are photosynthetic, parasitic, symbiotic and heterotrophic.
Many of the taxa lack mitochondria, and, therefore, seemed to conform to the requirements of an
archaic premitochondrial ancestor of all eukaryotes. This theory, called the Archezoa
Hypothesis, was created by Cavalier-Smith (1983). The former archezoa began to find homes in
interesting and unexpected places. Patterson (1999) and Simpson and Patterson (2001) defined a
striking structural similarity that many of the former archezoan taxa possessed, a feeding groove
called an excavate. The excavate was a groove that ran longit.
1. According to morphological species concept focus on external phys.pdf
1. According to morphological species concept focus on external physical characters such as
size, shape, color structure of the organism .
2. Biological species concept explains why the members of species are resemble to one another.
When two organisms are breeded their genes pass into their combined offspring.
3. Phylogenetic species concept defines a species as a group having a shared and unique
evolotionary history. The offsprings in the concept are parental pattern of ancestry and descent.
4. Unified species concept achieved by treating existing as separately and secondary species
criteria as different line of evidence.
5. From the above quenstion species XL and XXL are showing variation in their morphology and
their number of chromosome. The remaining species show variation in the colour of shell.
6. From the above infromation the correct answer is option \"e\" all the above.
Solution
1. According to morphological species concept focus on external physical characters such as
size, shape, color structure of the organism .
2. Biological species concept explains why the members of species are resemble to one another.
When two organisms are breeded their genes pass into their combined offspring.
3. Phylogenetic species concept defines a species as a group having a shared and unique
evolotionary history. The offsprings in the concept are parental pattern of ancestry and descent.
4. Unified species concept achieved by treating existing as separately and secondary species
criteria as different line of evidence.
5. From the above quenstion species XL and XXL are showing variation in their morphology and
their number of chromosome. The remaining species show variation in the colour of shell.
6. From the above infromation the correct answer is option \"e\" all the above..
1)calcium(pH-dependent regulation of lysosomal calcium in macrophage.pdf
1)calcium(pH-dependent regulation of lysosomal calcium in macrophages)
Pulmonary macrophages are motile cells that respond to contact with suitable surfaces or
micron-sized objects by undergoing movements that lead to spreading and phagocytosis. There is
evidence that interactions of actin and other proteins in the cortical cytoplasm of macrophages
provide the motor power for these movements and that variations in free calcium concentrations
in the cortical cytoplasm of macrophages might control their directionality (1). If the plasma
membrane maintains a large electrochemical gradient of calcium between the extracellular
environment and the cytoplasm, a slight alteration of its activity could result in a considerable
variation of cytoplasmic free calcium concentrations. If contact of the external surface of the
plasma membrane with certain surfaces were somehow coupled to the calcium gradient-
maintaining activity of the membrane, the interaction could lead to changes in peripheral
cytoplasmic calcium levels. We have studied calcium transport across the macrophage plasma
membrane, using phagocytic vesicles. Phagocvtic vesicles arise from the internalization of
plasma membrane and thus constitute a system to study easily its inner surface. Furthermore,
when prepared from macrophages that have ingested oil droplets, they can be purified rapidly by
flotation with good yield and in an intact state (2). Using this approach, we have characterized a
high affinity MgATP-dependent calcium pump located in the inner side of the plasma membrane
2).the protein was translated using ribosomes inside the ER(
The endomembrane system (endo- = “within”) is a group of membranes and organelles in
eukaryotic cells that works together to modify, package, and transport lipids and proteins. It
includes a variety of organelles, such as the nuclear envelope and lysosomes, which you may
already know, and the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, which we will cover shortly.
Although it\'s not technically inside the cell, the plasma membrane is also part of the
endomembrane system. As we\'ll see, the plasma membrane interacts with the other
endomembrane organelles, and it\'s the site where secreted proteins (like the pancreatic enzymes
in the intro) are exported. Important note: the endomembrane system does not include
mitochondria, chloroplasts, or peroxisomes.
Let\'s take a closer look at the different parts of the endomembrane system and how they
function in the shipping of proteins and lipids.
The endoplasmic reticulum
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays a key role in the modification of proteins and the
synthesis of lipids. It consists of a network of membranous tubules and flattened sacs. The discs
and tubules of the ER are hollow, and the space inside is called the lumen.
Rough ER
The rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER) gets its name from the bumpy ribosomes attached
to its cytoplasmic surface. As these ribosomes make proteins, they feed the newly formin.
Viral genomes may be circular, as in the polyomaviruses, or linear, .pdf
Viral genomes may be circular, as in the polyomaviruses, or linear, as in the adenoviruses. A
virus has either a DNA or an RNA genome and is called a DNA virus or an RNA . Plant viruses
mostly have single-stranded RNA genomes (exception retrovirus) and bacteriophages mostly
tend to have double-stranded DNA genomes
Solution
Viral genomes may be circular, as in the polyomaviruses, or linear, as in the adenoviruses. A
virus has either a DNA or an RNA genome and is called a DNA virus or an RNA . Plant viruses
mostly have single-stranded RNA genomes (exception retrovirus) and bacteriophages mostly
tend to have double-stranded DNA genomes.
More Related Content
Similar to CipherDriver.javapackage Unit_6;import java.util.;public cl.pdf
Modify before asshignment so that we can check input errors, etc.. P.pdf
Modify before asshignment so that we can check input errors, etc.. Please refer to the following
Java code.
You should add switch, run your programing untill you choose figure==0 (using while loop),
cheak input error.
import java.util.*;
public class AreaTestt {
public static void main (String[] args)
{
int choice1 = menu(1);
int choice2 = menu(2)
}
// get user choice
public static int menu(int n)
{
int choice = 0;
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
if(n == 1)
{
System.out.print(\"Information for figure 1: Type 1) rectangle 2) triangle 3) circle: \");
choice = scanner.nextInt();
}
else if(n == 2)
{
System.out.print(\"Information for figure 2: Type 1) rectangle 2) triangle 3) circle: \");
choice = scanner.nextInt();
}
return choice;
}
}
Solution
import java.util.*;
public class AreaTestt {
public static void main(String[] args) {
menu();
}
// get user choice
public static void menu() {
int choice = 0;
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
do {
choice = scanner.nextInt();
switch (choice) {
case 1:
System.out
.print(\"Information for figure 1: Type 1) rectangle 2) triangle 3) circle: \");
break;
case 2:
System.out
.print(\"Information for figure 2: Type 1) rectangle 2) triangle 3) circle: \");
break;
default:
break;
}
} while (choice != 0);
}
}
OUTPUT:
2
Information for figure 2: Type 1) rectangle 2) triangle 3) circle: 3
1
Information for figure 1: Type 1) rectangle 2) triangle 3) circle: 0.
Frequency .java Word frequency counter package frequ.pdf
Frequency .java
/**
* Word frequency counter
*/
package frequency;
import java.util.Iterator;
/**
*
* @author UMD CS
*/
public class Frequency implements Iterable{
private Node first;
private int N;
Frequency(){
N = 0;
first = null;
}
@Override
public Iterator iterator() {
return new ListIterator();
}
/**
*
* List iterator
*
*/
private class ListIterator implements Iterator{
private Node current;
private int index ;
ListIterator(){
current = first;
index = 0;
}
@Override
public boolean hasNext() {
return current != null;
}
public String next() {
if(!hasNext()){
return null;
}
String word = current.key;
int count = current.count;
String r = \"(\"+word + \",\" + Integer.toString(count)+\")\";
current = current.next;
return r;
}
@Override
public void remove() {
}
}
/**
*
* Node class
*
*/
private class Node {
private String key;
private int count;
private Node next;
Node(String item){
key = item;
count = 1;
next = null;
}
@Override
public String toString(){
return \"(\"+key +\",\"+count+\")\";
}
}
/*
* Inserts a word into the linked list. If the word exists, increment the
* count by q.
*/
public void insert(String word){
if(word.equals(\"\")){
return;
}
//TODO
/*
* implement here
*/
}
/**
*
* @param str input string
* This method splits a string into words and pass the words to insert method
*
*/
public void insertWords(String str){
String delims = \"[ .,?!\'\\\"()}{;/<>&=#-:\\\\ _]+\";
String[] words = str.split(delims);
for(String s: words){
s = s.toLowerCase();
insert(s);
}
}
/**
* prints the word frequency list
*/
public void print(){
Node c = first;
while(c != null){
System.out.print(\"(\"+c.key + \",\" + c.count+\")\");
c = c.next;
}
System.out.print(\"\ \");
}
}
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------
WordFrequency.java
package frequency;
import utils.In;
import utils.Stopwatch;
/**
*
* @author UMD CS
*/
public class WordFrequency {
/**
* @param input source
* @param
* This method receives input resource and return the word frequency string
* DO NOT CHANGE THIS METHOD.
*/
public static String freq(String inputSource, int maxLines){
In in;
// Frequency class can only count the frequency of strings. DO NOT CHANGE THIS.
Frequency freq = new Frequency();
int MAX = 100;
String inputSourceName = inputSource;
try {
in = new In(inputSourceName);
while (!in.isEmpty()) {
String s = in.readLine();
//System.out.println(s);
freq.insertWords(s);
}
}
catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
StringBuilder strFrequency = new StringBuilder();
int cnt = 0;
for(String s: freq){
strFrequency.append(s);
strFrequency.append(\",\");
cnt++;
if(cnt >= maxLines){break;}
}
return strFrequency.toString();
}
/**
*
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
In in;
Frequency freq = new Frequency();
int MAX = 100;
// String inputSourceName =
\"http://www.cs.umd.edu/class/summer2015/cmsc132/projects/P3_WordFrequency/test1.html\";
String .
C# Program. Create a Windows application that has the functionality .pdf
C# Program. Create a Windows application that has the functionality of a calculator and works
with integral values. Allow the user to select buttons representing numeric values. If the user
attempts to divide by zero, throw and handle an exception.
Solution
below is the code from the windows application in visual studio:
Form1.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace SimpleCalculator
{
public partial class frmCalculator : Form
{
string operand1 = string.Empty;
string operand2 = string.Empty;
string result;
char operation;
public frmCalculator()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void frmCalculator_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
btnOne.Click += new EventHandler(btn_Click);
btnTwo.Click += new EventHandler(btn_Click);
btnThree.Click += new EventHandler(btn_Click);
btnFour.Click += new EventHandler(btn_Click);
btnFive.Click += new EventHandler(btn_Click);
btnSix.Click += new EventHandler(btn_Click);
btnSeven.Click += new EventHandler(btn_Click);
btnEight.Click += new EventHandler(btn_Click);
btnNine.Click += new EventHandler(btn_Click);
btnZero.Click += new EventHandler(btn_Click);
btnDot.Click += new EventHandler(btn_Click);
}
void btn_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
Button btn = sender as Button;
switch (btn.Name)
{
case \"btnOne\":
txtInput.Text += \"1\";
break;
case \"btnTwo\":
txtInput.Text += \"2\";
break;
case \"btnThree\":
txtInput.Text += \"3\";
break;
case \"btnFour\":
txtInput.Text += \"4\";
break;
case \"btnFive\":
txtInput.Text += \"5\";
break;
case \"btnSix\":
txtInput.Text += \"6\";
break;
case \"btnSeven\":
txtInput.Text += \"7\";
break;
case \"btnEight\":
txtInput.Text += \"8\";
break;
case \"btnNine\":
txtInput.Text += \"9\";
break;
case \"btnZero\":
txtInput.Text += \"0\";
break;
case \"btnDot\":
if(!txtInput.Text.Contains(\".\"))
txtInput.Text += \".\";
break;
}
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
MessageBox.Show(\"Sorry for the inconvenience, Unexpected error occured. Details:
\" +
ex.Message);
}
}
private void txtInput_KeyPress(object sender, KeyPressEventArgs e)
{
switch (e.KeyChar)
{
case \'1\':
case \'2\':
case \'3\':
case \'4\':
case \'5\':
case \'6\':
case \'7\':
case \'8\':
case \'9\':
case \'0\':
//case \'+\':
//case \'-\':
//case \'*\':
//case \'/\':
//case \'.\':
break;
default:
e.Handled = true;
MessageBox.Show(\"Only numbers, +, -, ., *, / are allowed\");
break;
}
}
private void txtInput_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
}
private void btnPlus_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
operand1 = txtInput.Text;
operation = \'+\';
txtInput.Text = string.Empty;
}
private void btnMinus_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
operand1 = txtInput.Text;
operation = \'-\';
txtInput.Text = string.Empty;
}
private void btnMulitply_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
operand1 = txtInput.Text;
operation = \'*\';
txtInput.Text = string.Empty;
}
private void btnDivide_Click.
Trace the following part of codes step by step- Show exactly what it w.docx
Trace the following part of codes step by step. Show exactly what it will print? Public class Final 1 { public static void main (String arg[]) { int []x = {2, 2, 1, 3, 4, 7}; int y; y = x[1] + 1; System.out.println(y); x[4] = 1; System.out.println(x[x[4]]); y--; System.out.println(x[y]); int z = x[y + 1]; for (z = 1; z
Solution
Output:
3
2
1
Final output:
3
3
program:
public class FinalOutput {
public static void main(String args[])
{
int []x={2,2,1,3,4,7};
int y;
y=x[1]+1; //y=3 i.e 2+1
System.out.println(y); //print y
x[4]=1; //lacation 4 value tobe chenged to 1
System.out.println(x[x[4]]); //print x[1] value x[4] is 2
y--; //decrease y by 1 so, y=2
System.out.println(x[y]); //print x[2] is 1
int z=x[y+1];
for(z=1;z<=3;z++)
x[z]=2*y-1;
System.out.println(\"Final output:\");
System.out.println(x[z-2]);
System.out.println(x[y]);
}
}
.
(I'm trying to make a menu that repeats unless you enter 4- How do I g.pdf
(I'm trying to make a menu that repeats unless you enter 4. How do I get this to repeat the
printMenu()Method that prints the options and keeps repeating options until you hit exit #4?)
public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) { Scanner input = new
Scanner(System.in); printMenu(); int x = input.nextInt(); if ( x == 1) countPunctuation(); if ( x
== 2) charactertoBinary(); if ( x == 3) binaryToCharacter(); if (x == 4) System.out.print("You
have chosen Exit. Goodbye"); if (x > 4) System.out.print("Error"); printMenu(); if (x < 1)
System.out.print("Error"); } // Create first Method. Print Menu*** public static void
printMenu(){ String newline = System.getProperty("line.separator"); System.out.print("Enter '1'
to count punctuation symbols in a String." + newline + "Enter '2' to convert characters to binary."
+ newline + "Enter '3' to convert 8-bit binary to a character." + newline + "Enter '4' to
exit."+newline +"Enter option:"); }.
Java interface
The document discusses interfaces in Java. It defines an interface as a syntactically similar to a class but lacking instance variables and having methods declared without bodies. Interfaces are defined using the interface keyword. A class implements an interface by providing implementations for all the interface's methods. Variables can be declared with an interface type and refer to any class that implements the interface, allowing polymorphic calls through interfaces.
ch05-program-logic-indefinite-loops.ppt
The document discusses different types of loops in Java including while loops, do-while loops, and indefinite loops using sentinels. It provides examples of using random numbers and boolean return values from methods to implement program logic within loops. Key concepts covered include fencepost problems, random number generation, and using boolean values to represent logical tests.
can someone fix the errors in this code- the name needs to be Fraction.pdf
The document contains code for a FractionDemo class that defines methods for creating, manipulating, and displaying fraction objects. It has errors that need to be fixed, including changing the class name to FractionDemo and combining aspects of the fraction and main classes.
Here is my code for a linefile editor Please help me figure out wh.pdf
Here is my code for a line/file editor: Please help me figure out when I input "E" to exit and save
to the textin.txt file, it is not saving anything in textin.txt file. It also is prints "1>" twice when I
hit enter before it will move on to "2>" See my output below and the needed output and I need
the command "E" to save the output to the textin.txt file and terminate the program. "E"
terminates my program, but is not saving to the txt file.
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class FileEdit {
public static List lines = new ArrayList();
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException
{
Scanner s = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.print("EDIT: ");
String fileName = s.nextLine();
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new FileReader(new File(fileName)));
String str="";
int count=0;
while((str=br.readLine())!=null)
{
lines.add(count, str);
System.out.println((++count) + "> "+ str);
}
String text="";
String command = "";
System.out.print((++count)+"> ");
command=s.nextLine();
String commandArr[];
int flag;
while(!command.equals("E"))
{
flag=0;
commandArr = command.split("\\s");
if(commandArr[0].equals("I")) //Insertion
{
while(true)
{
if(commandArr.length==1&&flag!=2)
{
System.out.print((count)+"> ");
text = s.nextLine();
insertLine(text,count-1);
}
else if(commandArr.length==2&&flag!=2)
{
System.out.print((commandArr[1])+"> ");
count=Integer.parseInt(commandArr[1]);
text = s.nextLine();
insertLine(text,Integer.parseInt(commandArr[1])-1);
}
else
insertLine(text,count-1);
System.out.print((++count)+"> ");
command=s.nextLine();
commandArr = command.split("\\s");
if(commandArr[0].equals("I")||commandArr[0].equals("L")||commandArr[0].equals("D")||comm
andArr[0].equals("E"))
{
flag=1;
break;
}
else
{
flag=2;
text=command;
}
}
}
else if(commandArr[0].equals("L")) //Listing
{
printList();
}
else if(commandArr[0].equals("D")) //Deletion
{
if(commandArr.length==1)
{
deleteLine(count-1,count-1);
}
else if(commandArr.length==2)
{
deleteLine(Integer.parseInt(commandArr[1])-1,Integer.parseInt(commandArr[1])-1);
}
else if(commandArr.length==3)
{
deleteLine(Integer.parseInt(commandArr[1])-1,Integer.parseInt(commandArr[2])-1);
}
count=lines.size();
}
if(flag!=1)
{
System.out.print((count++)+"> ");
command = s.nextLine();
}
}
}
public static void insertLine(String text,int count)
{
if (count >= lines.size()) {
for(int i = lines.size(); i <= count; i++) {
lines.add(null);
}
}
lines.set(count,text);
}
public static void deleteLine(int start,int end)
{
for(int i=start;i<=end;i++)
lines.remove(i);
}
public static void printList()
{
for(int i=0;i "+lines.get(i));
}
}
Here is the output I am getting:
EDIT: textin.txt
1> The First Line
1>
2> And another line
3> I 3
3> The second line
4> One more line
5> L
1>
2>
3> The second line
4> One more line
5> D 2
3> L
1>
2> The second line
3> One more line
4> E
Out.
import java.util.;public class Program{public static void.pdf
import java.util.*;
public class Program
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
String x=\"X\";
int amount;
System.out.println(\"Enter amount\");
amount=input.nextInt();
System.out.println(\"Amount is: \"+amount);
for(int i=1; i<=amount; i++)
{
System.out.println(x);
for(int j=1; j<=i; j++)
{
System.out.print(x);
}
}
}
}
Why does It print out the last set of X\'s twice? I am doing basic Java so please try to explain
using the most basic codes.
import java.util.*;
public class Program
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
String x=\"X\";
int amount;
System.out.println(\"Enter amount\");
amount=input.nextInt();
System.out.println(\"Amount is: \"+amount);
for(int i=1; i<=amount; i++)
{
System.out.println(x);
for(int j=1; j<=i; j++)
{
System.out.print(x);
}
}
}
}
Why does It print out the last set of X\'s twice? I am doing basic Java so please try to explain
using the most basic codes.
import java.util.*;
public class Program
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
String x=\"X\";
int amount;
System.out.println(\"Enter amount\");
amount=input.nextInt();
System.out.println(\"Amount is: \"+amount);
for(int i=1; i<=amount; i++)
{
System.out.println(x);
for(int j=1; j<=i; j++)
{
System.out.print(x);
}
}
}
}
Why does It print out the last set of X\'s twice? I am doing basic Java so please try to explain
using the most basic codes.
Solution
Hi,
I have modified the code. it is working as expected now. Highlighted the code changes below.
Issue here is with you have written this statement twice System.out.println(x); which causes the
issue.
Program.java
import java.util.*;
public class Program
{
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in);
String x=\"X\";
int amount;
System.out.println(\"Enter amount\");
amount=input.nextInt();
System.out.println(\"Amount is: \"+amount);
for(int i=1; i<=amount; i++)
{
System.out.println();
for(int j=1; j<=i; j++)
{
System.out.print(x);
}
}
}
}
Output:
Enter amount
10
Amount is: 10
X
XX
XXX
XXXX
XXXXX
XXXXXX
XXXXXXX
XXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXX
XXXXXXXXXX.
JAVA Question : Programming Assignment
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Image Recognition with Neural Network
The document discusses neural networks and their application to image recognition tasks. It describes the basic architecture of a neural network, including input, output, and hidden units. It then provides an example of how a single layer perceptron works using matrix multiplication and activation functions. Finally, it discusses using a neural network with Python to classify handwritten digits from the MNIST dataset, which contains labeled images of handwritten numbers that the network can learn to identify.
delegates
The document discusses thread synchronization in C# using locks and shared objects. It shows examples of using the "this" keyword, same objects, and different objects to synchronize access to shared data between multiple threads. The examples demonstrate writing data to a list from one thread while reading from another thread, ensuring the threads operate sequentially through locking. Output shows the threads executing in a synchronized, orderly manner when using proper locking and objects.
operating system ubuntu,linux,MacProgram will work only if you g.pdf
//operating system ubuntu,linux,Mac
Program will work only if you give command like
sum 2 3 or
sum 4 (sub 4 3)
#include
#include
#include
#include
/*Sum function implementation*/
int sum(int number1,int number2){
return number1+number2;
}
/*sub function implementation*/
int sub(int number1,int number2){
return number1-number2;
}
/*mul function implementation*/
int mul(int number1,int number2){
return number1*number2;
}
/*divide function implementation*/
float divide(int number1,int number2){
if(number2==0){
printf(\"We can not divide by 0 \ \");
return 0.0f;
}
return (float)(number1/number2);
}
char *substring(char *string, int position, int length)
{
char *pointer;
int c;
pointer = malloc(length+1);
if (pointer == NULL)
{
printf(\"Unable to allocate memory.\ \");
exit(1);
}
for (c = 0 ; c < length ; c++)
{
*(pointer+c) = *(string+position-1);
string++;
}
*(pointer+c) = \'\\0\';
return pointer;
}
/*Main Function start*/
int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
/*Variable declarations*/
int number1,number2;
char *operator,*str1,*str2;
char line[50];
char s[2] = \" \";
int errorFlag=0;// checking if user entered more then one operands
while(1){
/*User input*/
printf(\"Please Enter the command \");
gets(line);
int len=0;
for(int i=0; line[i]!=\'\\0\'; ++i){len++;}
if(len==0){
return 1;
}
/*Spliting into Tokens*/
operator = strtok(line, \" \");
if(strcmp(operator,\"bye\")==0){
break;
}
/*String to integer --- token1*/
number1=atoi(strtok(NULL, s));
/*Removing ( and ) from String*/
str2=strtok(NULL, s);
char *content;int length=0;
for(int i=0; str2[i]!=\'\\0\'; ++i){length++;}
if(str2[0]==\'(\'){
content=substring(str2,2,length-1);
char *opr=content;
int n1=atoi(strtok(NULL, s));
int n2=atoi(strtok(NULL, s));
/*If user entered more then two operands then it will return some token otherwise it will
return NULL pointer*/
if(strtok(NULL, s)!=NULL){
printf(\"You need to enter operator operand1 operand2 \ \");
errorFlag=1;
}else{
if(strcmp(opr,\"sum\")==0){
number2=sum(n1,n2);
}else if(strcmp(opr,\"sub\")==0){
number2=sub(n1,n2);
}else if(strcmp(opr,\"mul\")==0){
number2=mul(n1,n2);
} else if(strcmp(opr,\"div\")==0){
number2=divide(n1,n2);
}
}
}else{
number2=atoi(str2);
/*If user entered more then two operands then it will return some token otherwise it will return
NULL pointer*/
if(strtok(NULL, s)!=NULL){
printf(\"You need to enter operator operand1 operand2 \ \");
errorFlag=1;
}
}
if(errorFlag!=1){
/*Checking operator by strcmp function*/
if(strcmp(operator,\"sum\")==0){
printf(\"Result %d \ \",sum(number1,number2));
}else if(strcmp(operator,\"sub\")==0){
printf(\"Result %d \ \",sub(number1,number2));
}else if(strcmp(operator,\"mul\")==0){
printf(\"Result %d \ \",mul(number1,number2));
} else if(strcmp(operator,\"div\")==0){
printf(\"Result %.2f \ \",divide(number1,number2));
}
}
}
return 0;
}
/*******************Output***********************/
gopal@gopal:~/Desktop/chegg$ gcc Calculator.c
Calculator.c: In function ‘main’:
Calculator.c:67:3: warning: implici.
Java Programpublic class Fraction { instance variablesin.pdf
Java Program
public class Fraction {
//instance variables
int num;
int den;
//default construtcor
Fraction()
{
num=0;
den=1;
}
//parametrized constructor
Fraction(int n,int d)
{
num=n;
den=d;
}
//print fraction object
public void print()
{
System.out.println(num+\"/\"+den);
}
//return double value of fraction
public void printAsDouble()
{
try
{
double div=(double)num/(double)den;
System.out.println(div);
}
catch(ArithmeticException e)
{
System.out.println(\"infinity\");
}
catch(Exception e)
{
System.out.println(e);
}
}
//add two fractions
public Fraction add(Fraction param)
{
int tnum=(this.num *param.den)+(this.den*param.num);
int tden=this.den*param.den;
this.num=tnum;
this.den=tden;
return this;
}
//multiply two fractions
public Fraction multiply(Fraction param)
{
int tnum=(this.num *param.num);
int tden=this.den*param.den;
this.num=tnum;
this.den=tden;
return this;
}
}
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Scanner stdIn = new Scanner(System.in);
Fraction c, d, x; // Fraction objects
System.out.println(\"Enter numerator; then denominator.\");
c = new Fraction(stdIn.nextInt(), stdIn.nextInt());
c.print();
System.out.println(\"Enter numerator; then denominator.\");
d = new Fraction(stdIn.nextInt(), stdIn.nextInt());
d.print();
x = new Fraction(); // create a fraction for number 0
System.out.println(\"Sum:\");
x.add(c).add(d);
x.print();
x.printAsDouble();
x = new Fraction(1, 1); // create a fraction for number 1
System.out.println(\"Product:\");
x.multiply(c).multiply(d);
x.print();
x.printAsDouble();
System.out.println(\"Enter numerator; then denominator.\");
x = new Fraction(stdIn.nextInt(), stdIn.nextInt());
x.printAsDouble();
} //end main Modify the code so that it can handle negative numerators and negative
denominators, and provide a helping method that performs fraction reduction. Sample session
using negative numbers and reduction Enter numerator, then denominator. -5 -8 5/8 Enter
numerator, then denominator. 4 -10 2/5 Sum: 9/40 0.225 Product: 0.25 Enter numerator, then
denominator. 0 -0 indeterminate
Solution
//Fraction.java
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Fraction {
//instance variables
int num;
int den;
//default construtcor
Fraction()
{
num=0;
den=1;
}
// greatest common divisor to reduce fraction
int gcd(int n1, int n2)
{
if (n2 != 0)
return gcd(n2, n1 % n2);
else
return n1;
}
//parametrized constructor
Fraction(int n,int d)
{
num=n;
den=d;
if(d == 0)
{
System.out.println(\"indeterminate\");
System.exit(1);
}
int hcf = gcd(num,den);
num = num/hcf;
den = den/hcf;
}
//print fraction object
public void print()
{
if( (num < 0 && den > 0))
System.out.println(num+\"/\"+den);
else if((num > 0 && den < 0))
System.out.println(\"-\" + num+\"/\"+ (-1*den));
else if(num < 0 && den < 0)
System.out.println( (-1*num)+\"/\"+ (-1*den));
else
System.out.println(num+\"/\"+den);
}
//return double value of fraction
public void printAsDouble()
{
try
{
double div=(double)num/(double)den;
System.out.println(div);
}
catch(ArithmeticException e.
The java program that prompts user to enter a string and .pdf
/*
* The java program that prompts user to
* enter a string and shift key and then
* converts the string to the encoded string
* and prints the encoded string value to console.
* */
//CeaserCipher.java
import java.util.Scanner;
public class CeaserCipher
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
String message;
int shift;
System.out.println(\"Enter a message in small letters,a-z\");
message=scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println(\"Enter shift value\");
shift=scanner.nextInt();
//calling encode method with message, shift value
String encodedMsg=encode(message,shift);
//calling WriteMessage
WriteMessage(encodedMsg);
}
/*Method that prints the encoded text to console*/
private static void WriteMessage(String encodedMsg)
{
System.out.println(\"Encoded text :\"+encodedMsg);
}
//Method that takes string and integer value and returns
//the encoded string to calling method
private static String encode(String message, int shift)
{
StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer(message);
for (int i = 0; i < message.length(); i++)
{
//shift to back to the alphabets
char encodedkey = (char) (\'a\' + (message.charAt(i) -\'a\' + shift) % (\'z\' - \'a\' + 1));
//set character at index,i
sb.setCharAt(i, encodedkey);
}
//return encoded string to calling method
return new String(sb);
}
}
Sample Output:
Enter a message in small letters,a-z
sunday is holiday
Enter shift value
5
Encoded text :xzsifdYnxYmtqnifd
Solution
/*
* The java program that prompts user to
* enter a string and shift key and then
* converts the string to the encoded string
* and prints the encoded string value to console.
* */
//CeaserCipher.java
import java.util.Scanner;
public class CeaserCipher
{
public static void main(String[] args)
{
Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
String message;
int shift;
System.out.println(\"Enter a message in small letters,a-z\");
message=scanner.nextLine();
System.out.println(\"Enter shift value\");
shift=scanner.nextInt();
//calling encode method with message, shift value
String encodedMsg=encode(message,shift);
//calling WriteMessage
WriteMessage(encodedMsg);
}
/*Method that prints the encoded text to console*/
private static void WriteMessage(String encodedMsg)
{
System.out.println(\"Encoded text :\"+encodedMsg);
}
//Method that takes string and integer value and returns
//the encoded string to calling method
private static String encode(String message, int shift)
{
StringBuffer sb=new StringBuffer(message);
for (int i = 0; i < message.length(); i++)
{
//shift to back to the alphabets
char encodedkey = (char) (\'a\' + (message.charAt(i) -\'a\' + shift) % (\'z\' - \'a\' + 1));
//set character at index,i
sb.setCharAt(i, encodedkey);
}
//return encoded string to calling method
return new String(sb);
}
}
Sample Output:
Enter a message in small letters,a-z
sunday is holiday
Enter shift value
5
Encoded text :xzsifdYnxYmtqnifd.
Short intro to the Rust language
Slides for a brief intro to the Rust Language used in our first Meetup at Rust Barcelona.
These slides just contain basic examples.
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C# Program. Create a Windows application that has the functionality .pdf
C# Program. Create a Windows application that has the functionality .pdf
Trace the following part of codes step by step- Show exactly what it w.docx
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(I'm trying to make a menu that repeats unless you enter 4- How do I g.pdf
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can someone fix the errors in this code- the name needs to be Fraction.pdf
can someone fix the errors in this code- the name needs to be Fraction.pdf
Here is my code for a linefile editor Please help me figure out wh.pdf
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import java.util.;public class Program{public static void.pdf
import java.util.;public class Program{public static void.pdf
operating system ubuntu,linux,MacProgram will work only if you g.pdf
operating system ubuntu,linux,MacProgram will work only if you g.pdf
Java Programpublic class Fraction { instance variablesin.pdf
Java Programpublic class Fraction { instance variablesin.pdf
The java program that prompts user to enter a string and .pdf
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More from ravikapoorindia
1.The Excavata includes taxa that are photosynthetic, parasitic, sym.pdf
1.The Excavata includes taxa that are photosynthetic, parasitic, symbiotic and heterotrophic.
Many of the taxa lack mitochondria, and, therefore, seemed to conform to the requirements of an
archaic premitochondrial ancestor of all eukaryotes. This theory, called the Archezoa
Hypothesis, was created by Cavalier-Smith (1983). The former archezoa began to find homes in
interesting and unexpected places. Patterson (1999) and Simpson and Patterson (2001) defined a
striking structural similarity that many of the former archezoan taxa possessed, a feeding groove
called an excavate. The excavate was a groove that ran longitudinally on the cell surface and was
associated with at least one recurrent flagellum, which set up currents in the groove that served
to concentrate suspended particles and move them to a cytostome. Simpson (2003) identified
seven such groups that had such an excavate apparatus: the Core Jakobids, Malawimonas,
Trimastix, Carpediemonas, Retortomonads, Diplomonads, and the Heterolobosids
(amoeboflagellates). Many of the excavate taxa were mitochondriate and had clear affinities
with taxa that did not bear an excavate. So, by 2003 (Simpson 2003 and Cavalier-Smith 2003b)
at least 10 groups (we interpret it as 11 groups) had been identified as excavate taxa (see Table
1). Burki et al. (2008) and Hampl et al. (2009) confirmed the monophyly of the excavates by
phylogenomic analyses relative to members of the other supergroups. Furthermore, the excavates
appear to be a very deep-rooting group, equivalent to the unikonts (Opisthokonta), and the
bikonts (Chromalveolata + Rhizaria + Archaeplastida).
2.It is very difficult to discover drug against TB sice the bacteria which is mycobacterium is
thermostabile and made up of mycolic acid . An increasing evidence of multidrug resistance in
TB is the major problem in developing drug against TB. The mycobacterium is able to
accumulate drug and become resistant to these drug. This bacteria develop allernative
mechanism to become resistant to the drug.
Malaria
some antimalarials can only be used in certain areas of the world because parasites are resistant
to some drugs. For example, chloroquine can only be used to prevent Plasmodium falciparum in
regions of South America because Plasmodium falciparum is completely resistant to chloroquine
in Africa and Asia.
E. ameoba histoilica
Solution
1.The Excavata includes taxa that are photosynthetic, parasitic, symbiotic and heterotrophic.
Many of the taxa lack mitochondria, and, therefore, seemed to conform to the requirements of an
archaic premitochondrial ancestor of all eukaryotes. This theory, called the Archezoa
Hypothesis, was created by Cavalier-Smith (1983). The former archezoa began to find homes in
interesting and unexpected places. Patterson (1999) and Simpson and Patterson (2001) defined a
striking structural similarity that many of the former archezoan taxa possessed, a feeding groove
called an excavate. The excavate was a groove that ran longit.
1. According to morphological species concept focus on external phys.pdf
1. According to morphological species concept focus on external physical characters such as
size, shape, color structure of the organism .
2. Biological species concept explains why the members of species are resemble to one another.
When two organisms are breeded their genes pass into their combined offspring.
3. Phylogenetic species concept defines a species as a group having a shared and unique
evolotionary history. The offsprings in the concept are parental pattern of ancestry and descent.
4. Unified species concept achieved by treating existing as separately and secondary species
criteria as different line of evidence.
5. From the above quenstion species XL and XXL are showing variation in their morphology and
their number of chromosome. The remaining species show variation in the colour of shell.
6. From the above infromation the correct answer is option \"e\" all the above.
Solution
1. According to morphological species concept focus on external physical characters such as
size, shape, color structure of the organism .
2. Biological species concept explains why the members of species are resemble to one another.
When two organisms are breeded their genes pass into their combined offspring.
3. Phylogenetic species concept defines a species as a group having a shared and unique
evolotionary history. The offsprings in the concept are parental pattern of ancestry and descent.
4. Unified species concept achieved by treating existing as separately and secondary species
criteria as different line of evidence.
5. From the above quenstion species XL and XXL are showing variation in their morphology and
their number of chromosome. The remaining species show variation in the colour of shell.
6. From the above infromation the correct answer is option \"e\" all the above..
1)calcium(pH-dependent regulation of lysosomal calcium in macrophage.pdf
1)calcium(pH-dependent regulation of lysosomal calcium in macrophages)
Pulmonary macrophages are motile cells that respond to contact with suitable surfaces or
micron-sized objects by undergoing movements that lead to spreading and phagocytosis. There is
evidence that interactions of actin and other proteins in the cortical cytoplasm of macrophages
provide the motor power for these movements and that variations in free calcium concentrations
in the cortical cytoplasm of macrophages might control their directionality (1). If the plasma
membrane maintains a large electrochemical gradient of calcium between the extracellular
environment and the cytoplasm, a slight alteration of its activity could result in a considerable
variation of cytoplasmic free calcium concentrations. If contact of the external surface of the
plasma membrane with certain surfaces were somehow coupled to the calcium gradient-
maintaining activity of the membrane, the interaction could lead to changes in peripheral
cytoplasmic calcium levels. We have studied calcium transport across the macrophage plasma
membrane, using phagocytic vesicles. Phagocvtic vesicles arise from the internalization of
plasma membrane and thus constitute a system to study easily its inner surface. Furthermore,
when prepared from macrophages that have ingested oil droplets, they can be purified rapidly by
flotation with good yield and in an intact state (2). Using this approach, we have characterized a
high affinity MgATP-dependent calcium pump located in the inner side of the plasma membrane
2).the protein was translated using ribosomes inside the ER(
The endomembrane system (endo- = “within”) is a group of membranes and organelles in
eukaryotic cells that works together to modify, package, and transport lipids and proteins. It
includes a variety of organelles, such as the nuclear envelope and lysosomes, which you may
already know, and the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, which we will cover shortly.
Although it\'s not technically inside the cell, the plasma membrane is also part of the
endomembrane system. As we\'ll see, the plasma membrane interacts with the other
endomembrane organelles, and it\'s the site where secreted proteins (like the pancreatic enzymes
in the intro) are exported. Important note: the endomembrane system does not include
mitochondria, chloroplasts, or peroxisomes.
Let\'s take a closer look at the different parts of the endomembrane system and how they
function in the shipping of proteins and lipids.
The endoplasmic reticulum
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) plays a key role in the modification of proteins and the
synthesis of lipids. It consists of a network of membranous tubules and flattened sacs. The discs
and tubules of the ER are hollow, and the space inside is called the lumen.
Rough ER
The rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER) gets its name from the bumpy ribosomes attached
to its cytoplasmic surface. As these ribosomes make proteins, they feed the newly formin.
Viral genomes may be circular, as in the polyomaviruses, or linear, .pdf
Viral genomes may be circular, as in the polyomaviruses, or linear, as in the adenoviruses. A
virus has either a DNA or an RNA genome and is called a DNA virus or an RNA . Plant viruses
mostly have single-stranded RNA genomes (exception retrovirus) and bacteriophages mostly
tend to have double-stranded DNA genomes
Solution
Viral genomes may be circular, as in the polyomaviruses, or linear, as in the adenoviruses. A
virus has either a DNA or an RNA genome and is called a DNA virus or an RNA . Plant viruses
mostly have single-stranded RNA genomes (exception retrovirus) and bacteriophages mostly
tend to have double-stranded DNA genomes.
True. gaps are the reason for electrical conductivity.Solution.pdf
True. gaps are the reason for electrical conductivity.
Solution
True. gaps are the reason for electrical conductivity..
This is an example of a Lewis Acid. The CO2 acts like an acid becaus.pdf
This is an example of a Lewis Acid. The CO2 acts like an acid because it is an electron pair
acceptor (a lewis base is an electron pair donor).
Solution
This is an example of a Lewis Acid. The CO2 acts like an acid because it is an electron pair
acceptor (a lewis base is an electron pair donor)..
The Vestibular System, which is a contributed to our balance system .pdf
The Vestibular System, which is a contributed to our balance system and our sense of spatial
orientation, is the sensory system that provides the dominant input about movement and
equilibrioception. Vestibular sense provides information related to movement and head
position.The vestibular system includes the part of the inner ear and brain that help control
balance and eye movements. If the system is damaged dy disease, aging,or injury, vestibular
disorders can result, and are often associated with one or more of these systoms, among others:
Vertigo and dizziness
Imbalance and spatial disorientation
Vision disturbance
Hearing changes
Cognitive and / or psychological change
Other symptoms
The type and severity of vestibular disorder can vary considerably, and be frightening and
difficult to describe. People affacted by vestibular disorders may be perceived as inattentive,
overly, anxious, or seeking attention.
The following is a list of systems that have been reported by people with vestibular disorders.
VERTIGO AND DIZZINESS
Spinning or whirling sensation; a feeling the person or world moving when it is not (vertigo)
Symptoms can be present while sitting still, in specific positions, or with movement
Lightheaded, floating, or rocking sensation (dizziness)
BALANCE AND SPATIAL ORIENTATION
Imbalance, stumbling, difficulty walking straight or when turning
Clumsiness or difficulty with coordination
Difficulty maintaining straight posture; head may be tilted to the side
Sessitivity to change in walking surface or footwear
Muscle and joint pain
VISION
Trouble focusing or tracking objects with the eyes; objects or words on a page seem to bounce,
jump,float, or blur or may appear doubled
Discomfort from busy visual environments such as traffic,crowds, stores, and patterns
Sensitivity to light,glare,moving or flickering light;fluorescent lights may be especially
troublesome
Sensitivity to certain type of computer monitors and digital televisions
Tendencyto focus on nearby objects; increased discomfort when focusing at a distance
Increased night blindness; difficlty walking in the dark
Poor depth perception
HEARING CHANGES
Hearing loss; distorted or fluctuating hearing
Tinnitus
Sensitivity to loud noises or environments
Sudden loud sound may increase symptoms of vertigo, dizziness, or imbalance
COGNITIVE
Difficulty concentration and paying attention; easily distracted
Forgetfulness and short- term memory lapses
Confusion, disorientation,difficulty comperhending direction or instructions
PSYCHOLOGICAL
Loss of self-reliance, self-confidence, self-esteem
Anxiety, panic, social isolation
Depression
The VESTIBULAR SYSTEM is a collection of structures in your inner ear that provides you
with your sense of balance and an awareness of your spatial orientation, meaning a sense of
whether you ear right-side up or up- side down. Your brain then integates that information with
other sensory information from your body to coordinate smooth and well- timed body
moveme.
The inherent risk for an assertion about a derivative is its suscept.pdf
The inherent risk for an assertion about a derivative is its susceptibility to a material
misstatement, assuming there are no related controls. Examples of considerations that might
affect the investor\'s assessment of inherent risk for assertions about a derivative or security
include the following.
Auditing Standard No. 12, Identifying and Assessing Risks of Material Misstatement, requires
the auditor or investor to obtain an understanding of internal control that will enable the auditor
to—
Solution
The inherent risk for an assertion about a derivative is its susceptibility to a material
misstatement, assuming there are no related controls. Examples of considerations that might
affect the investor\'s assessment of inherent risk for assertions about a derivative or security
include the following.
Auditing Standard No. 12, Identifying and Assessing Risks of Material Misstatement, requires
the auditor or investor to obtain an understanding of internal control that will enable the auditor
to—.
Solution I ) Average inventory = $610,000 5 = $122000Total Inven.pdf
Solution
I ) Average inventory = $610,000 / 5 = $122000
Total Inventory = $122000 * 2 = $244000
Consumed Inventory = $244000 - $80000/2 = $204,000
Gross Profit = $610,000 - $204,000 = $406,000.
1 D2 the decrease in entropy of the system is offset by an incr.pdf
1: D
2: the decrease in entropy of the system is offset by an increase in the entropy of the
surroundings caused by the release of heat from the system to the surroundings
Solution
1: D
2: the decrease in entropy of the system is offset by an increase in the entropy of the
surroundings caused by the release of heat from the system to the surroundings.
ReversePoem.java ---------------------------------- public cl.pdf
ReversePoem.java :-
---------------------------------
public class ReversePoem {
/*This programs has you display a pessimistic poem from a list of phrases*/
// and then reverse the phrases to find another more optimistic poem.
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception
{
//Queue object
MyQueue queue = new MyQueue<>();
//Stack object
MyStack stack = new MyStack<>();
//String buffer to apppend all Strings
StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
// Create a single String object from the 16 Strings below
String set1 = \"I am part of a lost generation#and I refuse to believe that#\";
sb.append(set1);
String set2 = \"I can change the world#I realize this may be a shock but#\";
sb.append(set2);
String set3 = \"\'Happiness comes from within\'#is a lie, and#\";
sb.append(set3);
String set4 = \"\'Money will make me happy\'#So in 30 years I will tell my children#\";
sb.append(set4);
String set5 = \"they are not the most important thing in my life#\";
sb.append(set5);
String set6 = \"My employer will know that#I have my priorities straight because#\";
sb.append(set6);
String set7 = \"work#is more important than#family#I tell you this#\";
sb.append(set7);
String set8 = \"Once upon a time#Families stayed together#\";
sb.append(set8);
String set9 = \"but this will not be true in my era#\";
sb.append(set9);
String set10 = \"This is a quick fix society#Experts tell me#\";
sb.append(set10);
String set11 = \"30 years from now, I will be celebrating the 10th anniversary of my
divorce#\";
sb.append(set11);
String set12 = \"I do not concede that#I will live in a country of my own making#\";
sb.append(set12);
String set13 = \"In the future#Environmental destruction will be the norm#\";
sb.append(set13);
String set14 = \"No longer can it be said that#My peers and I care about this earth#\";
sb.append(set14);
String set15 = \"It will be evident that#My generation is apathetic and lethargic#\";
sb.append(set15);
String set16 = \"It is foolish to presume that#There is hope#\";
sb.append(set16);
String finalString = sb.toString();
String itmes[] = finalString.split(\"#\");
System.out.println(\"========== Original Phrase ==============\");
for(int i = 0 ; i < itmes.length;i++){
queue.enqueue(itmes[i]);
System.out.println(itmes[i]);
}
for(int i = 0 ; i < itmes.length;i++){
stack.push(queue.dequeue());
}
System.out.println(\"========== Reverse Phrase ==============\");
for(int i = 0 ; i < itmes.length;i++){
System.out.println(stack.pop());
}
/* You are given a list of phrases in Strings; the phrases
are separated by pound signs: \'#\':
1. Create a single String object from this list.
2. Then, split the String of phrases into an array of
phrases using the String split method.
3. Display a poem by walking through the array and
displaying each phrase one per line.
4. And, at the same time, place each phrase on a
MyQueue object using only the enqueue method.
5. After all the phrases have been placed on the queue,
transfer the phrases from the MyQueue object to a
MyS.
NaCl + H2OSolutionNaCl + H2O.pdf
This document describes a chemical reaction where sodium chloride (NaCl) is added to water (H2O) forming a solution. Sodium chloride dissolves in water, with the sodium and chloride ions separating and dispersing evenly throughout the water molecules. The formula NaCl + H2O represents the balanced chemical equation for dissolving table salt in water.
Miller is US based investor and co-founder and current chairman of U.pdf
Miller is US based investor and co-founder and current chairman of US investment group Legg
Mason Capital Management. Miller always pick stock based of multiple valuation such as high
P/E and low P/E, high price-to-book and low-price-to-book. So, he does not Pick stocks based on
their fundamentals, such as high intrinsic-value stocks.
So, option (D) is not part of Miller’s investment style
Solution
Miller is US based investor and co-founder and current chairman of US investment group Legg
Mason Capital Management. Miller always pick stock based of multiple valuation such as high
P/E and low P/E, high price-to-book and low-price-to-book. So, he does not Pick stocks based on
their fundamentals, such as high intrinsic-value stocks.
So, option (D) is not part of Miller’s investment style.
Marijuana plant belongs to the genus Cannabis. It is native to the C.pdf
Marijuana plant belongs to the genus Cannabis. It is native to the Caucasus region of eastern
Europe, India, and Iran. In these regions, the plants were cultivated from ancient times. The plant
grows in open and disturbed habitats in wild. The plant grows best in mild climatic conditions.
Cannabis plants are dioecious. There are 3 species identified, all of which can hybridize with
each other. The plant is an annual herb. It is small that grows to 2 to 5 meters, usually erect, with
variable stems.
Stem: Resinous pubescence, angular, hollow
Leaves: basal, alternate, stipulate, long petiolate, and palmate. They are rarely single, lanceolate,
serrate. Leaves are 10 cm long to 1.5 cm broad.
Flowers: Monoecious or dioecious. Male flowers located in the axillae, with terminal panicles,
apetalous, contain 5 petals and 5 poricidal stamens
Female flowers: germinate in the axils and terminally, contain 1-ovulate ovary
Fruit: brown fruit with shining achene, plain, tightly embracing the seed, fleshy endosperm and
curved embryo.
Habitat: Native to central and south Asia, Europe, and China. Plants adapt to soil and climatic
conditions easily. Mild climatic conditions and moderate to minimum annual rainfall required.
Can grow in fertile, neutral, slightly alkaline, well-drained silt or clay loams. The plants do not
grow on acid, sandy soils.
Propagation: Through seeds. Seeds are stored in cool and dry palce where they remain viable for
about 3 years. Seeds germinate well if sown before early spring, that is, around March. Seeds
germinate at low temperatures when moisture is abundant.
Plants are ready for harvest in 4 – 6 months after planting, and depends on the variety cultivated.
Male plants turn yellow and die whereas female plants survive until the seed ripens. Therefore,
male plants can be harvested earlier than female plants. Seeds are harvested from female plants
when the seeds fall off when the stem is shaken.
Solution
Marijuana plant belongs to the genus Cannabis. It is native to the Caucasus region of eastern
Europe, India, and Iran. In these regions, the plants were cultivated from ancient times. The plant
grows in open and disturbed habitats in wild. The plant grows best in mild climatic conditions.
Cannabis plants are dioecious. There are 3 species identified, all of which can hybridize with
each other. The plant is an annual herb. It is small that grows to 2 to 5 meters, usually erect, with
variable stems.
Stem: Resinous pubescence, angular, hollow
Leaves: basal, alternate, stipulate, long petiolate, and palmate. They are rarely single, lanceolate,
serrate. Leaves are 10 cm long to 1.5 cm broad.
Flowers: Monoecious or dioecious. Male flowers located in the axillae, with terminal panicles,
apetalous, contain 5 petals and 5 poricidal stamens
Female flowers: germinate in the axils and terminally, contain 1-ovulate ovary
Fruit: brown fruit with shining achene, plain, tightly embracing the seed, fleshy endosperm and
curved embryo.
Habitat: Native .
InheritenceJava supports inheritance and thus, variables and metho.pdf
Inheritence
Java supports inheritance and thus, variables and methods of the superclass are inherited and can
be used by the subclass. but the private members of the superclass that cannot be accessed
directly from the subclass.
inheritenceexample.java
class Animal {//super class
public Animal() {
System.out.println(\"A new animal has been created!\");
}
public void eat() {//super class methods eat and moves
System.out.println(\"An animal eats...\");
}
public void moves() {
System.out.println(\"An animal movess...\");
}
}
class Cow extends Animal {//Cow subclass
public Cow() {
super();//used to invoke super class constructer
System.out.println(\"A new cow has been created!\");
}
@Override
public void eat() {
System.out.println(\"A Cow eats...\");
}
@Override
public void moves() {
System.out.println(\"A Cow movess...\");
}
}
class Dog extends Animal {//sub class Dog
public Dog() {
super();
System.out.println(\"A new dog has been created!\");
}
@Override
public void eat() {
System.out.println(\"A dog eats...\");
}
@Override
public void moves() {
System.out.println(\"A dog movess...\");
}
}
public class inhertenceexample {//main class
public static void main(String[] args) {
Animal animal = new Animal();
Cow Cow = new Cow();
Dog dog = new Dog();
System.out.println();
animal.eat();
animal.moves();
Cow.eat();
Cow.moves();
dog.eat();
dog.moves();
}
}
output
A new animal has been created!
A new animal has been created!
A new cow has been created!
A new animal has been created!
A new dog has been created!
An animal eats...
An animal movess...
A Cow eats...
A Cow movess...
A dog eats...
A dog movess...
method overloading and method overiding
same multiple method\'s with different arguments is known as method overloading
There are two ways to overload the method in java
By changing number of arguments
By changing the data type
method overloading example
calculationresult.java
class Calculationresult{
void mul(int a,int b){System.out.println(a*b);}
void mul(int a,int b,int c){System.out.println(a*b*c);}
public static void main(String args[]){
Calculationresult obj=new Calculationresult();
obj.mul(10,10,10);
obj.mul(20,20);
}
}
output
1000
400
method overiding
If subclass has the same method as declared in the parent class, it is known as method overriding
in java.
car.java
class Vehicle{
void run(){System.out.println(\"Vehicle is running\");}
}
class car extends Vehicle{
void run(){System.out.println(\"car is running safely\");}
public static void main(String args[]){
car obj = new car();
obj.run();
}}
output
car is running safely
Solution
Inheritence
Java supports inheritance and thus, variables and methods of the superclass are inherited and can
be used by the subclass. but the private members of the superclass that cannot be accessed
directly from the subclass.
inheritenceexample.java
class Animal {//super class
public Animal() {
System.out.println(\"A new animal has been created!\");
}
public void eat() {//super class methods eat and moves
System.ou.
It is the temporal lobe of cerebrum. It is situated beneath the late.pdf
It is the temporal lobe of cerebrum. It is situated beneath the lateral fissure of brain. This part of
brain is directly influence on language comprehension, visual memory, and emotion association.
Solution
It is the temporal lobe of cerebrum. It is situated beneath the lateral fissure of brain. This part of
brain is directly influence on language comprehension, visual memory, and emotion association..
In cat,The ductus deferens also called the vas deferens leaves the t.pdf
In cat,The ductus deferens also called the vas deferens leaves the tail of the epididymis along
with the testicular vessels and nerves, enters the spermatic cord.
The spermatic cord enters the abdominal cavity, it contains the ductus deferens, blood vessels
and nerves.
The site of passage through the body wall is known as the inguinal canal.
The ductus deferens of the opposite sides then converge and soon enter the urethra, which leads
to the penis.
Various accessory glands, which secrete the seminal fluid, are associated with the ends of the
ductus deferens and adjacent part of the urethra.
In the cat, a small prostate gland surrounds the point of entrance of the two ductus deferens and
the adjacent urethra.
At the caudal end of the pelvic canal, a pair of Cowper´s glands enter the urethral canal, but the
male cat does not have a seminal vesicle as does the human male.
In human , From the epididymis, the ductus deferens ascends posterior to the testes and enters
the spermatic cord that connects the testes to the rest of the body.
It continues with the spermatic cord,and entering the pelvic body cavity at the inguinal canal.
Between the ureters and the prostate, the ductus deferens expands its diameter considerably in a
region known as the ampulla before narrowing and joining with the seminal vesicles at the
ejaculatory duct inside the prostate.
The seminal vesicles are a pair of glands that are positioned below the urinary bladder and lateral
to the vas deferens. Each vesicle consists of a single tube folded and coiled on itself, with
occasional diverticula in its wall.
The excretory duct of each seminal gland unites with the corresponding vas deferens to form the
two ejaculatory ducts, which immediately pass through the substance of the prostate gland.
The seminal vesicles secrete a significant proportion of the fluid that ultimately becomes semen.
The vesicle produces a substance that causes the semen to become sticky and jelly-like after
ejaculation.
The thick secretions from the seminal vesicle contain proteins, enzymes, fructose, mucus,
vitamin, phosphorylcholine and prostaglandins.
Solution
In cat,The ductus deferens also called the vas deferens leaves the tail of the epididymis along
with the testicular vessels and nerves, enters the spermatic cord.
The spermatic cord enters the abdominal cavity, it contains the ductus deferens, blood vessels
and nerves.
The site of passage through the body wall is known as the inguinal canal.
The ductus deferens of the opposite sides then converge and soon enter the urethra, which leads
to the penis.
Various accessory glands, which secrete the seminal fluid, are associated with the ends of the
ductus deferens and adjacent part of the urethra.
In the cat, a small prostate gland surrounds the point of entrance of the two ductus deferens and
the adjacent urethra.
At the caudal end of the pelvic canal, a pair of Cowper´s glands enter the urethral canal, but the
male cat does not have a seminal vesicle as.
LeadCarbonate PbCO3 is ionic compound. electrostaticforces.pdf
Both lead carbonate (PbCO3) and lead(II) iodide (PbI2) are ionic compounds that are held together by electrostatic forces between the positively charged lead ions and negatively charged carbonate or iodide ions.
Vo.pdf
//*********************************************************
// VowelCount.java
//
// This program counts the number of vowels in a string
//*********************************************************
import java.util.Scanner;
public class VowelCount {
public static void main(String[] args) {
/*
* declare variables to store the number of each type of vowel
*/
int countA = 0, countE = 0, countI = 0, countO = 0, countU = 0;
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
// Get the string from the user (prompt and input)
System.out.println(\"Enter a string of characters:\");
String str = scan.nextLine();
// format for this part:
for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {
switch (str.charAt(i)) {
case \'a\':
case \'A\':
countA++;
break;
case \'e\':
case \'E\':
countE++;
break;
case \'i\':
case \'I\':
countI++;
break;
case \'o\':
case \'O\':
countO++;
break;
case \'u\':
case \'U\':
countU++;
break;
default:
break;
}
}
/*
* Remember: 1) condition should use method for getting string length 2)
* exp (in switch) should use method for returning a character
*/
// Output results
System.out.println(\"Number of each vowel in the string:\ a: \" + countA
+ \"\ e: \" + countE + \"\ i: \" + countI + \"\ o: \" + countO
+ \"\ u: \" + countU);
}
}
OUTPUT:
Enter a string of characters:
Hello! I am Finn from the land of Ooo.
Number of each vowel in the string:
a: 2
e: 2
i: 2
o: 6
u: 0
Solution
//*********************************************************
// VowelCount.java
//
// This program counts the number of vowels in a string
//*********************************************************
import java.util.Scanner;
public class VowelCount {
public static void main(String[] args) {
/*
* declare variables to store the number of each type of vowel
*/
int countA = 0, countE = 0, countI = 0, countO = 0, countU = 0;
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
// Get the string from the user (prompt and input)
System.out.println(\"Enter a string of characters:\");
String str = scan.nextLine();
// format for this part:
for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {
switch (str.charAt(i)) {
case \'a\':
case \'A\':
countA++;
break;
case \'e\':
case \'E\':
countE++;
break;
case \'i\':
case \'I\':
countI++;
break;
case \'o\':
case \'O\':
countO++;
break;
case \'u\':
case \'U\':
countU++;
break;
default:
break;
}
}
/*
* Remember: 1) condition should use method for getting string length 2)
* exp (in switch) should use method for returning a character
*/
// Output results
System.out.println(\"Number of each vowel in the string:\ a: \" + countA
+ \"\ e: \" + countE + \"\ i: \" + countI + \"\ o: \" + countO
+ \"\ u: \" + countU);
}
}
OUTPUT:
Enter a string of characters:
Hello! I am Finn from the land of Ooo.
Number of each vowel in the string:
a: 2
e: 2
i: 2
o: 6
u: 0.
Lithium has 3 electrons. Since an s orbital only .pdf
Lithium has 3 electrons. Since an s orbital only holds two, we need both 1 s and 2 s
orbitals: Li: 1s2, 2s1
Solution
Lithium has 3 electrons. Since an s orbital only holds two, we need both 1 s and 2 s
orbitals: Li: 1s2, 2s1.
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CipherDriver.javapackage Unit_6;import java.util.;public cl.pdf
- 1. CipherDriver.java //package Unit_6; import java.util.*; public class CipherDriver { public static void main(String[] args) { int menu1, menu2; Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("Enter (1) to encode a message"); System.out.println(" Enter (2) to decode a message"); System.out.println(" Enter (3) to exit"); menu1 = input.nextInt(); if (menu1 == 3){ System.exit(0); } if (menu1 == 1 ){ int n; System.out.println(" Enter (1) for substitution cipher"); System.out.println(" Enter (2) for shuffle cipher"); System.out.println(" Enter (3) to exit"); menu2 = input.nextInt(); System.out.print(" Enter text to be encoded: "); Scanner encodeText = new Scanner(System.in); String encode_text = encodeText.nextLine(); if (menu2 == 3) System.exit(0); if (menu2 == 1){ System.out.print(" Enter shift value: "); n = input.nextInt(); input.nextLine(); SubstitutionCipher sub = new SubstitutionCipher(n); String encodedMessage = sub.encode(encode_text);
- 2. System.out.println("Encode Message: " + encodedMessage); } if (menu2 == 2){ System.out.print("Enter number of shuffles: "); n = input.nextInt(); input.nextLine(); ShuffleCipher shuffleCipher = new ShuffleCipher(n); String encodedText = shuffleCipher.encode(encode_text); System.out.println("Encode Message: " + encodedText); } encodeText.close(); } if (menu1 == 2){ int n; System.out.println(" Enter (1) for substitution cipher"); System.out.println(" Enter (2) for shuffle cipher"); System.out.println(" Enter (3) to exit"); menu2 = input.nextInt(); System.out.print("Enter text to be decode: "); Scanner decodeText = new Scanner(System.in); String decode_text = decodeText.nextLine(); if (menu2 == 3) System.exit(0); if (menu2 == 1){ System.out.print("Enter shift value: "); n = input.nextInt(); input.nextLine(); SubstitutionCipher substitution = new SubstitutionCipher(n); String decodedText = substitution.decode(decode_text); System.out.println("Decoded Message: " + decodedText); } if (menu2 == 2){ System.out.print("Enter number of shuffles: ");
- 3. n = input.nextInt(); input.nextLine(); ShuffleCipher shuffleCipher = new ShuffleCipher(n); String decodedText = shuffleCipher.decode(decode_text); System.out.println("Decoded Message: " + decodedText); } decodeText.close(); } input.close(); } } ShuffleCipher.java //package Unit_6; // Create a class ShuffleCipher that implements the interface MessageEncoder public class ShuffleCipher implements MessageEncoder, MessageDecoder { // The constructor should have one parameter called n private int n; // The constructor which takes the shuffle value public ShuffleCipher (int n){ this.n = n; } // Performs single shuffle private String shuffle(String text){ int splitLetter; if (text.length() % 2 == 0) splitLetter = text.length() / 2; else splitLetter = ((text.length() + 1) / 2); String first = text.substring(0, splitLetter); String second = text.substring(splitLetter); String shuffleText = ""; for(int i = 0, j = 0; i < first.length(); i++, j++){ shuffleText += first.charAt(i); if(j < second.length())
- 4. shuffleText += second.charAt(i); } return shuffleText; } // Decodes the shuffled message private String decodeShuffle(String text){ String firstHalf = "", secondHalf = ""; for(int i=0;i Solution CipherDriver.java //package Unit_6; import java.util.*; public class CipherDriver { public static void main(String[] args) { int menu1, menu2; Scanner input = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println("Enter (1) to encode a message"); System.out.println(" Enter (2) to decode a message"); System.out.println(" Enter (3) to exit"); menu1 = input.nextInt(); if (menu1 == 3){ System.exit(0); } if (menu1 == 1 ){ int n; System.out.println(" Enter (1) for substitution cipher"); System.out.println(" Enter (2) for shuffle cipher"); System.out.println(" Enter (3) to exit"); menu2 = input.nextInt(); System.out.print(" Enter text to be encoded: "); Scanner encodeText = new Scanner(System.in); String encode_text = encodeText.nextLine();
- 5. if (menu2 == 3) System.exit(0); if (menu2 == 1){ System.out.print(" Enter shift value: "); n = input.nextInt(); input.nextLine(); SubstitutionCipher sub = new SubstitutionCipher(n); String encodedMessage = sub.encode(encode_text); System.out.println("Encode Message: " + encodedMessage); } if (menu2 == 2){ System.out.print("Enter number of shuffles: "); n = input.nextInt(); input.nextLine(); ShuffleCipher shuffleCipher = new ShuffleCipher(n); String encodedText = shuffleCipher.encode(encode_text); System.out.println("Encode Message: " + encodedText); } encodeText.close(); } if (menu1 == 2){ int n; System.out.println(" Enter (1) for substitution cipher"); System.out.println(" Enter (2) for shuffle cipher"); System.out.println(" Enter (3) to exit"); menu2 = input.nextInt(); System.out.print("Enter text to be decode: "); Scanner decodeText = new Scanner(System.in); String decode_text = decodeText.nextLine(); if (menu2 == 3) System.exit(0); if (menu2 == 1){
- 6. System.out.print("Enter shift value: "); n = input.nextInt(); input.nextLine(); SubstitutionCipher substitution = new SubstitutionCipher(n); String decodedText = substitution.decode(decode_text); System.out.println("Decoded Message: " + decodedText); } if (menu2 == 2){ System.out.print("Enter number of shuffles: "); n = input.nextInt(); input.nextLine(); ShuffleCipher shuffleCipher = new ShuffleCipher(n); String decodedText = shuffleCipher.decode(decode_text); System.out.println("Decoded Message: " + decodedText); } decodeText.close(); } input.close(); } } ShuffleCipher.java //package Unit_6; // Create a class ShuffleCipher that implements the interface MessageEncoder public class ShuffleCipher implements MessageEncoder, MessageDecoder { // The constructor should have one parameter called n private int n; // The constructor which takes the shuffle value public ShuffleCipher (int n){ this.n = n; } // Performs single shuffle private String shuffle(String text){ int splitLetter; if (text.length() % 2 == 0) splitLetter = text.length() / 2;
- 7. else splitLetter = ((text.length() + 1) / 2); String first = text.substring(0, splitLetter); String second = text.substring(splitLetter); String shuffleText = ""; for(int i = 0, j = 0; i < first.length(); i++, j++){ shuffleText += first.charAt(i); if(j < second.length()) shuffleText += second.charAt(i); } return shuffleText; } // Decodes the shuffled message private String decodeShuffle(String text){ String firstHalf = "", secondHalf = ""; for(int i=0;i