WPF provides features for building Windows client applications using markup (XAML) and code-behind to separate application appearance and behavior. It includes controls, layouts, data binding, graphics rendering, animation and media playback capabilities. WPF applications can be standalone windows or browser-hosted and supports different document types including flow, fixed and XPS documents. It allows customizing applications through styles, templates and other features.

1. (.Net Framework 4.0)
• Window Presentation Foundation (WPF) is the
next promotion presentation system for building
windows Client application.
• The core of WPF is a resolution-independent and
vector –based rendering engine that is built to task
the advantage of modern graphics hardware.
• WPF inherits the core with the wide-ranging set of
application –development features.

2. 1.1 Programming with WPF
 Located in System.Windows name space, WPF is
presented as subset of .Net Framwork types.
 It is familiar if you have experiences building
application with .Net Framework: instantiate classes
set properties ,call methods, and handle events in your
favorite language such as C# or VB.Net
 WPF incorporates additional programming construct
that improve properties and events : dependency
properties and routed events for supporting WPF
abilities and simplifying programming experiences

3. 1.2 Markup and Code Behind
One of additional enhancements for Window Client
application development is facility in development
using both markup and code-behind. You generally use
Extensible Application Markup Language (XAML)
markup to implement the appearance of an
application while using programming language (Code-
behind) to implement its actions.

4. The advantages of separating appearance and behavior :
 Reducing the cost of development and maintenance
 Making more efficient in development
 Capability of using multiple design tools to implement
and share XAML markup and target the requirements
of application development contributor
 Simplification of globalization and localization for
WPF application

5. Markup
XAML is XML based that is used to implement appearance
of application declaratively. It is usually used to create
windows, dialog boxes, pages, and user controls and to fill
them with controls, shape and graphics.
Here is an example of using XAML to implement
appearance that has window and single button:
<Window
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/p
resentation" Title="Window with Button" Width="250"
Height="100"> <!-- Add button to window --> <Button
Name="button">Click Me!</Button> </Window>

6. Code-Behind
The main performance of an application is to realize the
functionality that respond to user interactions
incorporate handling events (for example clinking
menu) and calling business logic and data access logic
in response. In WPF, this behavior is generally
implemented in code that is associated with markup.
XAML

7. <Window
xmlns=“http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/
2006/xaml/presentation”
xmlns:x=“ http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/
xaml”
x:Class=“SDKSample.AWindow”
Title=“Window with Button”
Width=“250” Height=“100” >
<!– Add button to window-->
<Button Name=“button” Click=“button_Click”>
Click Me!</Button>
</Window>

8. using System.Windows;
namespace SDKSample
{
public partial class Awindow:Window
{
public AWindow()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
void button_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
MessageBox.Show(“Hello, WPF”);
}
}
}

9. Application
Beside the foundation of the WPF application
development, WPF has broad features for generating
user experiences with rich content. In order to reach
this WPF provide types and services that are
collectively known as the application model. It support
both standalone and browser-hosted applications.

10.  Standalone Application: you can use window class to
create windows and dialog box that are access from
menu bar and access bar.
 Browser-Hosted Application: or XAML browser
applications (XBAPs), you can create page(s) and page
function( Pagefunction-T) that you can navigate
between using hyperlinks(Hyperlink classes).
 WPF offers the two following option for alternative
navigation hosts: Frame (Hosting island of navigable
content in either pages or windows)
NavigationWindow ( Hosting navigable content in an
entire window)

11.  The Application Class: used to encapsulate some
services( shared properties and resources, startup and
lifetime management…)
<Application
xmlns:http:”//shemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/
xaml/presentation“ StartupUri=“Mainwindow.xaml”/>
 Security: Since hosting in browser security is
important. Partial security sandbox is used to enforce
restriction.

12. Controls
 Controls was built by user experience delivered by
application model. In WPF control is a wide-ranging
term applied to category of WPF classes hosted in
both pages and window, have UI and implement some
behavior.
 Some built-in WPF controls are: Button ( Button &
RepeatButton) DataDisplay ( Datagrid, ListView and
TreeView) etc.

13. Input and Commanding
To isolate user input actions from the code responding to
those actions WPF provides a command system.
 Layout: Key requirement of any layout is to manage to
change in window size and display settings. Instead of
using your code , you can use WPF first
class, extensible layout system.
 In addition to basis of relative positioning , layout
system manages the negotiation between control to
determine the layout.

14. Layout system is exposed to child control through base
WPF classes. For common layout such as grids,
stacking, and docking.
<Window
xmlns=“http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/
xaml/presentation”
xmlns:x=“http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/
xaml”
x:Class=“SDKSample.LayoutWindow”
Title=“Layout with the DockPanel” Height=“143”
Width=“319”>

15. <DockPanel>
<Textbox DockPanel.Dock=“Top”> Dock=“Top” </Textbox>
<Textbox DockPanel.Dock=“Bottom”>Dock=“Bottom”
</Textbox>
<Textbox DockPanel.Dock=“Left”> Dock=“Left”</Textbox>
<Textbox Background=“White”> This Textbox “fills” the
remaining space .</Textbox>
</DockPanel>

16. Data Binding
 Because viewing and editing data are the feature of
most applications, WPF already provided for by many
technologies such as Microsoft SQL Server, ADO.Net.
 Two things that WPF involve are :
1. Copying the data from managed object into control
2.Ensuring changes related to using control are
copied back to the managed object.
 The core unit of data binding engine is the Binding
class

17. Graphics
The following benefits which introduced by WPF
extensively, scalablely and flexibly :
 Resolution-independent and device-independent
graphics
 Improved Precision
 Advanced Graphics and Animation Support
 Hardware accelaration

18. <Window
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/p
resentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
x:Class="SDKSample.EllipseEventHandlingWindow"
Title="Click the Ellipse"> <Ellipse Name="clickableEllipse"
Fill="Blue" MouseUp="clickableEllipse_MouseUp" />
</Window>
C# Code
using System.Windows; // Window, MessageBox
using System.Windows.Input; // MouseButtonEventHandler
namespace SDKSample
{
public partial class EllipseEventHandlingWindow : Window {

19. public EllipseEventHandlingWindow()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
void clickableEllipse_MouseUp(object sender,
MouseButtonEventArgs e)
{ // Display a message
MessageBox.Show("You clicked the ellipse!");
}
}
}

20. Animation
Animation support allow developers to make controls
grow, shake , spin, and fade. You can animate most
WPF classes even custom classes.

21. Media
Audiovisual media is the way of demonstrating rich
content. WPF presents special support for images
video and audio.
 Images popular for most application and WPF
provides several methods to use them
 Video and Audio: by using the MediaElement which is
capable of playing both audio and video flexibly.

22. XAML
<MediaElement
Name=“myMediaElement”
Source=“media/wpf.wmv”
LoadedBehavior=“Manual”
Width=“350” Height=“250”/>

23. Text and Typography
WPF offers the following feature in order to assist high
quality text rendering:
 OpenType font support
 ClearType enhancement
 High performance that take advantages of hardware
speeding up
 Integration of text with media, graphics, and animation
 International font support and fallback mechanisms.

24. Document
WPF has native support for working with three types of
documents, fixed documents and XML Paper
Specification (XPS) documents.
 Flow documents are designed to optimize viewing and
readability by dynamically adjusting and reflowing
content when window size and display setting change.
 Fixed Documents are intended for application that
require a precise “what you see is what you get”
presentation respecting to the printing.
 XPS Documents are open, cross-platform document
format that is designed to facilitate the
creation, sharing, printing, and archiving of paginated
document

25. Document
 WPF has native support for three types documents:
flow documents, fixed documents and XML paper
specification(XPS) documents. WPF also provides
another services.
 Flow documents design to optimize viewing and
readability by dynamically adjusting and reflowing
content when window size and display setting change.
 Fixed document : “What You See is What You Get”
, maintain the precise agreement of their content in
device-independent manner.

26.  XPL docs built on WPF’s fixed document and
described with an XML based schema.
 Annotations in WPF , an annotation system provided
to support sticky note and highlights. They can be
applied to document hosted in document viewer .
 Packaging : System.IO.Packaging APIs allow
application to organize data content and resource into
single portable, easy to distribute and easy to access
ZIP documents.
 Printing : WPF support many enhanced print system
control such as real-time installation, Dynamic
discovery…etc

27. Customizing WPF application
 Content Model: the type and number of items can
constitute the content of a control is referred to as the
control ‘s content model.
 Trigger : XAML use it to implement application
behavior
 Control Template : You can use it to change the
appearance of the Control’s UI without affecting it
content and behavior.
 Data Template: let you specify appearance of control’s
content

28.  Style: enable developer and designer to standardize on
particular appearance on their application. Style
element is foundation of WPF’s strong type model.
 Resources: WPF support for UI resources to
encapsulate these resources in a single location for
reuse.
 Themes and Skin: WPF does not integrate directly
with Window themes. Because WPF’s appearance
defined by template it include one template for each of
the well-known Window-Themes.
Both themes and skin in WPF are defined using
resource dictionary.

29.  Custom Controls: because the existing WPF control
do not meet the requirement you can three WPF’s
model to create a new control.
1. User Control Model: derived from UserControl
2. Control Model: derived from Control
3. Framework Element Model: derived from
FrameworkElement

30. WPF Best Practices
With any development platform, WPF can be used in a
variety ways to achieve the desired outcome. It also
required user’s experience and meet the demand of
the audience in general.