History of chirality. A tribute to all the great scientist who have contributed enormously to the growth of chiral science.

1. Valliappan Kannappan
Valliappan Kannappan
VALLIAPPAN K
Professor of Quality Assurance (Retd.)
Department of Pharmacy
Annamalai University
INDIA
Chirality Timeline 2021
10 min.

2. Valliappan Kannappan
Valliappan Kannappan
Discovered optical activity / rotation.
Discovered optical activity / rotation.
1815
1815
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French Physicist, Astronomer
& Mathematician
Chirality Timeline 2021
First achieved separation (Physical)
First achieved separation (Physical)
of enantiomers
of enantiomers (
(
 after 30 yrs.).
after 30 yrs.).
1848
1848
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French Biologist,
Microbiologist and Chemist

3. Valliappan Kannappan
Valliappan Kannappan
Put forward stereochemical theory of isomerism
on a 3D basis; tetrahedral Carbon. First winner
of Nobel prize in Chemistry (1901).
1874
1874 Dutch Chemist
Dutch Chemist
Molecular chirality principle was established over a century ago (145 yrs.)
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Chirality Timeline 2021
Le Bel
1874
1874 French Chemist
French Chemist
Postulated tetrahedral arrangements of groups
around a saturated carbon atom
Molecular chirality principle was established over a century ago (145 yrs.)
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4. Valliappan Kannappan
Valliappan Kannappan
1894
1894
Visualized the fit between E & S
in terms of lock & key; identified
16 aldohexoses
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Chirality Timeline 2021
Kelvin
Introduced the term chiral
1904
1904
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5. Valliappan Kannappan
Valliappan Kannappan
First offered definite example of a difference bet.
enantiomers of a chiral molecule ( 50 yrs.
after Van’t -Le Bel theory of isomerism ).
1926
1926 Scottish Pharmacologist
Cushny
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Chirality Timeline 2021
(-)-Hyoscyamine twice as active as ()-form - 1904
(-)-Adrenaline twice potency of ()-form as vasoconstrictor - 1908
(-)-Adrenaline 12 -15 X more potent than (+)-form on sympathetic vessels
-
Biological relations of optically isomeric substances (1926);
Foundation for Chiral Pharmacology
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6. Valliappan Kannappan
Valliappan Kannappan
Reinforced the term chiral into
Reinforced the term chiral into
the literature
the literature
1965
1965
Kurt Mislow
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Chirality Timeline 2021
Devised R/S and Z/E notation
1966
1966
1974: Nobel prize in chemistry;
research into stereochemistry of
alkaloids, antibiotics, enzymes
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7. Valliappan Kannappan
Valliappan Kannappan
K. Barry Sharpless
William S. Knowles
William S. Knowles
Nobel Laureates in Chemistry
Nobel Laureates in Chemistry -
- 2001
2001
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Chirality Timeline 2021
Royoji Noyori
K. Barry Sharpless
William S. Knowles
William S. Knowles
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8. Valliappan Kannappan
Valliappan Kannappan
¼ of the prize
St. Louis, MO, USA
b 1917; 84
L-DOPA – industrial
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Chirality Timeline 2021
William S. Knowles
William S. Knowles
L-DOPA – industrial
production
“chirally catalyzed hydrogenation reactions”

9. Valliappan Kannappan
Valliappan Kannappan
¼ of the prize
Nagoya University,
Japan
b 1938; 63
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Chirality Timeline 2021
Royoji Noyori
Ru-BINAP; (R)-1,2-
Propandiol; levofloxacin
“chirally catalyzed hydrogenation reactions”

10. Valliappan Kannappan
Valliappan Kannappan
½ of the prize
The Scripps Research
Institute, CA, USA
b 1941; 60
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Chirality Timeline 2021
K. Barry Sharpless
Glycidol; -blockers
“chirally catalyzed oxidation reactions.”

11. Valliappan Kannappan
Valliappan Kannappan
Thanks for your time …
Thanks for your time … remembering all these great scientists
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Chirality Timeline 2021
valliappan
valliappan
Chirally Yours
Chirally Yours
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