Chinese influence in vietnam
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The document discusses the major influences on Vietnamese political culture, which were derived from China during 1000 years of Chinese rule. Vietnam adopted the ancient Chinese system of government based on Confucianism, imposing political institutions and making Confucianism the official ideology. It also describes the Chinese civil service examination system that was instituted in Vietnam from the 11th-1913th centuries to select civil servants, as well as the social structure influenced by Confucian norms that stratified society into groups led by the emperor and scholar-officials, then farmers, artisans, and merchants.
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The Tang and Song dynasties saw periods of political unification and cultural and economic achievements in China, but also decline. The Tang expanded the Chinese empire through military campaigns and trade along the Silk Road but weakened due to internal corruption and external invasions. The Song modernized bureaucracy, developed new farming techniques, and pioneered printing paper money, but faced invasion from nomadic groups and the Mongols, culminating in the start of the Yuan dynasty in 1279. Neo-Confucianism became the new governing philosophy and footbinding emerged as a female tradition during this time period.
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13.1
1) China was unified under two powerful dynasties, the Tang and Song dynasties, which marked two golden ages in Chinese history.
2) The Tang dynasty restored order and stability after centuries of division, expanding the empire through military conquests. The economy and culture flourished under the Tang.
3) The Song dynasty saw further economic growth as commerce expanded and new farming techniques increased food production. Chinese culture influenced neighboring regions during this time through trade and the spread of ideas.
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The Tang Dynasty ruled China from 618 to 907 AD and expanded China's territory. Two important early emperors were Gao Zu and Tai Zong. Empress Wu later seized power as the only female emperor and reintroduced the imperial examination system to select scholar officials. However, she was overthrown in a coup at age 80. The Battle of Talas in 751 diminished Tang power against the Arabs. Culturally, the Tang embraced Central Asian, Indian and Persian influences and shared innovations like paper, printing, and tea with the West. The Tang economy transitioned to a direct tax system and used paper money. Peasant revolts eventually contributed to the dynasty's end.
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The document provides an overview of major Chinese dynasties from Shang to Qing. It discusses the origins and developments of each dynasty, including the Shang establishing cities and writing, the Zhou establishing a feudal system, the Qin developing a centralized government, the Han introducing Confucianism and expanding trade through the Silk Road, the Tang reaching a cultural high point and inventing gunpowder, the Song establishing a large bureaucracy, the Yuan conquering China under Kublai Khan, the Ming trying to erase Mongol influence, and the Qing taking power from the Manchus but eventually being weakened by foreign intervention.
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During the Han dynasty, trade along the Silk Roads connected China to regions in Central Asia and beyond. This led to economic prosperity but also the spread of new ideas into China, including Buddhism. The Han period also saw many achievements in technology, science, and the arts. Key inventions included paper, the iron plow, wheelbarrow, compass, and advances in acupuncture. Architecture, art, literature, and historical writing also flourished.
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The document provides an overview of the history and societies of Japan, Korea, and countries in the Indochinese Peninsula. It summarizes that these regions developed in the shadow of larger powers like China and India. China in particular viewed itself as superior and the rulers of neighboring countries as "little brothers". However, each region was able to develop its own distinct cultural identity despite Chinese influence, with Japan exhibiting a particularly strong sense of autonomy. The document covers topics like the early emperors and Shinto religion in Japan, the three kingdoms of ancient Korea, and Vietnam's independence from Chinese rule.
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I. The document discusses the rebuilding of imperial authority in China during the Sui and Tang dynasties, including the establishment of the Sui dynasty in 589, reforms under Emperor Yangdi, and the rise of the Tang dynasty in the 7th century.
II. It then examines the decline of the Tang dynasty due to internal rebellions and external invasions starting in the 8th century, leading to the founding of the Song dynasty in 960 and their inability to defeat northern nomadic groups.
III. Finally, it outlines the economic, social, and cultural prosperity of the Tang and Song periods, including advances in agriculture, commerce, technology, and the arts, as well as the assert
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The document outlines several important dynasties in Chinese history. It begins with the Xia Dynasty around 2000 BC, considered the first Chinese dynasty, followed by the Shang Dynasty from 1532-1027 BC which left behind early written records. The Zhou Dynasty then overthrew the Shang in 1027 BC and expanded Chinese civilization. Subsequent dynasties included the Sui from 589-618 AD which connected major rivers, the Tang from 618-907 AD which saw imperial expansion, and the Song from 960-1279 AD which was eventually pushed south by northern invaders.
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The document provides an overview of new civilizations that arose between 2200 BC and 250 BC, including in China, Nubia, Celtic Europe, and Central America. It focuses on early Chinese civilizations, noting that the Shang Dynasty ruled from 2000 BC to 1027 BC and established China's first kingdom, while the Zhou Dynasty ruled from 1027 BC to 221 BC and developed the concept of the Mandate of Heaven to legitimize royal authority. New philosophies like Confucianism and Legalism emerged in China during the Zhou Dynasty period seeking to create stability amid political strife.
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The document discusses the Ming dynasty, which ruled China from the 14th to 17th centuries. Some key points:
- The Ming dynasty was the first ethnic Han Chinese dynasty to rule China in over 300 years.
- Beijing was established as the capital city and was divided into three sections - the inner, imperial, and commercial cities.
- China became politically, culturally, and economically powerful under the Ming.
- Society was stratified, with women's roles varying according to class - peasant women worked long hours farming while upper class women were often well-educated.
- Advancements were made in fields like medicine, mathematics, and other sciences during this period of Chinese history.
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The Chinese proverb states that righteousness in the heart leads to beauty in character, which leads to harmony in the home, order in the nation, and ultimately peace in the world.
The document discusses the dynastic cycle in Chinese history where dynasties would rise to power through virtue, rule for a long period, and then sharply decline by losing the Mandate of Heaven. It also explains how Buddhism grew in influence during a period of disunity following the fall of the Han Dynasty, as it offered explanations for suffering that Confucianism did not.
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This chapter summarizes the origins and rise of the early Chinese empire from its beginnings until 220 CE. It discusses the geographic diversity of China, the early Xia and Shang societies, the decentralized Zhou dynasty, and the unifying but short-lived Qin dynasty that established the first centralized empire in China. The chapter then focuses on the long-lasting Han dynasty that expanded the empire through military conquests while establishing a stable Confucian bureaucracy, and describes Han society, technology, and the development of the Silk Road connecting China to Central Asia and beyond.
Tang dynastypapersourcesandcitations
The Tang Dynasty ruled China from 618-907 CE. It was a time of great cultural and economic prosperity. The Tang expanded China's territory through military conquests and established control over regions like Central Asia and Korea. This allowed the Tang to develop the Silk Road, which became an important trade network connecting China to India and the Mediterranean world. Tang rulers also built infrastructure like roads and inns to facilitate trade and communication across their large empire. Culturally, the Tang saw advances in art, literature, and technology transfer from abroad due to increased foreign contacts. Buddhism also spread widely during this period. The Tang established a bureaucracy governed by scholar elites that helped stabilize its rule.
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internal and external examination system in pakistan
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The document summarizes the unification of China under the Qin dynasty in 221 BCE and the subsequent Han dynasty that ruled from 206 BCE to 220 CE. It describes how the Qin used legalist policies like standardized laws and script to bring political stability after the warring states period. The Han dynasty consolidated centralized rule through Confucian education and expansion. However, economic prosperity led to social tensions that eventually contributed to the collapse of the Han dynasty in the 3rd century CE, dividing China again.
12 point ----Times New Roman---- MLA FORMAT ---use sources att.docx
12 point ----Times New Roman---- MLA FORMAT ---use sources attached
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This assignment is a take-home essay consisting of 3 questions, 2 pages total, to test knowledge and assimilation of the course objectives. Please exclusively use the course materials to support each answer. To answer these questions paraphrase, do not use quotations.
Please answer all three questions below in a paragraph format by listing the number followed by your answer. I recommend using the MEAL plan to organize your paragraphs. For more information, please check out this link. Please cite your sources using in-text citations; a reference list is not needed. Please review your work for errors before submitting it and ensure that it is grammatically correct. Your submission should be no more than 2 pages in length.
1. Explain what Zewei's article from the week 4 reading was all about. Be sure to identify the thesis and conclusions.
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Please note that all assignments should be written in Word and uploaded as attachments within the Assignments section of the classroom. Use 12 pt. font and double-space. Be sure to put your name and class information on the document and put your name on the file. Insert page numbers. Assignments will be graded using this rubric.
Week 6
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JHIL
brill.nl/jhil
© Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, 2011 DOI: 10.1163/187119006XXXXXXX
Western International Law and China’s Confucianism
in the 19th Century. Collision and Integration
Yang Zewei*
Professor of Law, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
The Confucian world view in China was based on the concept of the Celes-
tial Empire of China and embodied in the Tributary System. The Chinese
view could not fit into the equal international relationship asserted among
European countries. In the mid-19th century, especially after the Opium
Wars, international law embarked on a furious collision with Chinese tra-
ditional Confucianism. Threatened by forces of Western powers, the Qing
government had no choice but to come to compromise with the Western
powers. Consequently, the Confucian world order based on the Celestial
Empire of China collapsed and Chinese officials and scholars began to learn,
accept and apply international law.
Introduction
Due to its special history and culture, China did not build a diplomatic
system based on the principle of sovereign equality. The Confucian world
view based on the concept of the Celestial Empire and the Tributary System
lasted until the mid-19 ...
Lecture Outline 6 Political Thought & Religion in Early China.docx
Lecture Outline 6: Political Thought & Religion in Early China & Japan
In this section you will find:
1) Chapter Overview
2) Major Concepts
3) Terms You Should Know the Significance
4) Map Activity (Concept of Place)
5) Concept of Time (Relationships in Time)
Print the material and use it as a guide when you study the main text.
1. Chapter Overview
CHINA'S FIRST EMPIRE (221bc-220ce)
One of the key turning points in Chinese history was the third century bc, when the old, quasi -feudal Chou
multi-state system gave way to a centralized bureaucratic government that built an empire from the steppe in
the north to Vietnam in the south. This first empire was divided into three parts: Chin dynasty (256-206bc),
Former Han dynasty (206bc-8ce), and the Later Han dynasty (24-220ce)
The Ch’in dynasty established its control on the geopolitical advantages offered by the Wei River in
northwest China. This state was brutal and tough, yet stable. Despite its harsh laws, it attracted farmers who
welcomed the security and order of its society. It relied on Legalist Administrators who developed policies
for enriching the country and strengthening the military. Under the control of the emperor, the Ch' in dynasty
expanded its territorial holdings, instituted bureaucratic reforms, and stressed uniformity of thought in
establishing a centralized state. The Great Wall of China was extended some fourteen hundred miles from the
Pacific Ocean to central Asia and is testament to the efficiency and control of this dynasty. However, too
many changes in rapid succession caused the entire system to collapse under the harsh rule of the dynasty.
Rebellion spread as the Ch’in government lost its popular support.
The first emperor of the Han dynasty, Kao Tzu of plebeian origin, established the capital in the Wei basin
close to the former capitals of the Chou and Ch' in dynasties. Although it took many years to consolidate
power, this action permitted a degree of continuity to exist in the political development of China. The second
phase of the dynastic cycle began with the rule of the martial emperor, Wu Ti, in 141bc. Old policies like
government monopolies on salt, iron, liquor, etc. were established to maintain control of China. Wu Ti
expanded the boundaries of China by sweeping south into North Vietnam and north to central Manchuria and
North Korea. This aggressive leadership created a strong army and led to the policy of using the barbarians to
control the barbarians, thus making allies of border nomads against those more distant. This policy worked
for the most part and brought about the establishment of the Silk Road that connected with the Roman
Empire.
During the course of the Han dynasty, the Legalist structure of government became partially confucianized.
The Confucian classics gradually were accepted as the standard for education and served as an ethical
justification for dynastic rule. After a period of instability and civil war in which contending faction ...
Democracy in ancient and modern civilizations
The document provides an overview of the origins and evolution of democracy throughout history. It discusses early civilizations like Chinese River Valley, Indus Valley, Egyptian, and Mesopotamian civilizations. It then covers the rise of democracy in ancient Greece and its spread and adoption in other societies over time, including developments in democratic systems and principles in locations like India, England, and North America. The document traces democracy's progression from its origins to modern times.
Chinese education
The document summarizes the history of education in China. It describes how the education system evolved from nobles establishing schools for their offspring, to the civil service examination system being introduced in the Tang dynasty to recruit officials based on merit rather than birth. It then outlines the key periods of education throughout Chinese dynasties, including the influence of Confucianism, the civil service examination system, and the Five Classics and Four Books that formed the basis of study. The examination system drove a focus on rote learning and conformity but also allowed social mobility based on merit. The education system influenced Chinese society and government until the early 20th century.
RuralLeadershipInChina
The document discusses the evolution of China's political system and rural leadership from ancient times to the present. It traces how leadership evolved from clan systems in early dynasties to government-appointed village heads. It also analyzes how the small-scale peasant economy and patriarchal clan culture influenced political structures and rural governance over two millennia of Chinese history. Key political systems that governed rural areas included xiang-ting-li under Qin/Han rule and bao-jia organizations in later imperial periods.
Dynasties From The Post-Classical Era, And Post Classical...
Chinese dynasties from different time periods established different social structures based on factors like class, gender, and social mobility. The dynasties from the Classical Era, Post-Classical Era, and Early Modern Period each defined social structure in their own way while also maintaining some consistencies between eras. Specifically, the Ming and Qing dynasties from the Post-Classical Era shared similarities in social structure with the Song and Tang dynasties from the Early Modern Period based on class, gender, and social mobility.
Fraternal Associations in Early 20th Century Chinese Politics
This document discusses the role of fraternal associations or clans in early 20th century Chinese politics. It defines clans as intimate associations of people based on family or religion that expected members to support each other. Clans could influence politics through both violent and peaceful means. The document examines how clans impacted political outcomes and whether they helped autocracy or democracy take hold in China. It concludes that traditional familial clans alienated families and restricted political participation, whereas newer non-familial clans were more inclusive and encouraged civic engagement.
Legalism 1314
1) Shih Huang Ti unified China through force of arms and instituted sweeping reforms from 238-210 BC that established cultural unity still maintained today.
2) He was born during the declining Zhou Dynasty when China was divided into warring states. The powerful state of Qin adopted legalist philosophy emphasizing strict laws and impartial enforcement to control people.
3) As king of Qin, Shih Huang Ti vigorously conquered the remaining states and in 221 BC declared himself the First Emperor of a unified China, emphasizing a break with the past divided system.
Confucius
Confucius was a Chinese philosopher whose teachings of morality and ethics through "jen" (benevolent concern for others) and "li" (good manners and virtue over wealth) shaped Chinese life and government for over 2000 years. Though his background did not predict his influence, he educated himself and taught these principles. His works were compiled after his death by disciples in "The Analects". While not initially influential, Confucianism became China's official philosophy under the Han dynasty and dominated civil service exams for centuries, though it faced challenges from emperors and communists seeking change.
Expansion and Isolationism in Eurasia How did approaches t.docx
Expansion and Isolationism in Eurasia
How did approaches to cultural interaction shape empires in Eurasia?
Introduction
In 1279, under the leadership of Kublai Khan, the Mongols ousted the Song dynasty
and completed their conquest of China. As they
took control, they established the Yuan dynasty,
with Kublai Khan serving as emperor. However,
Mongol rule over China was relatively short lived.
Within 100 years, the Yuan dynasty would be
forced out by Chinese rebels.
Under Mongol rule, the Chinese became
increasingly angered by policies that favored
Mongols and foreigners. This anger and resentment
eventually resulted in unrest. Around 1350, small
states in China began to emerge to fight the
Mongols. Chinese leaders turned to military force to
advance their interests and establish regional
power. Some leaders were members of the upper class, and others were religious
leaders or bandits supported by peasants. By the middle of the 1350s, these Chinese
powers were united in their campaign to get rid of Mongol rule.
The years of ongoing warfare spurred military innovation among the Chinese.
Although the Mongols had access to gunpowder weapons, they did not develop new
technologies. In contrast, the first large cannons in China were manufactured by the
Chinese rebels. While the term “Gunpowder Empire” is often associated with the
Ottoman Empire, the Safavid Empire, and the Mughal Empire, the Chinese
advancements in gunpowder weaponry has led some historians to regard Ming China
as the world’s first gunpowder empire.
1
Expansion and Isolationism in Eurasia
How did approaches to cultural interaction shape empires in Eurasia?
In this lesson, you will learn about three countries in Eurasia that used gunpowder
to expand and maintain their control: China, Japan, and Russia. You will consider the
rise and fall of the Ming and Qing dynasties in China. You will examine the unification of
Japan under the Tokugawa. Finally, you will explore the growth of the Russian Empire
during the Romanov dynasty.
Section 1. China Under the Ming and Qing
Between the 14th and the early 20th centuries,
two dynasties governed China: the Ming and the Qing.
Both dynasties took power during times of upheaval.
To restore order, they established strong, centralized
rule and revived traditional Chinese values, including
Confucian ideals.
The Ming Revival By the mid-1300s, China was in
turmoil. The Mongols’ hold on power had became
unstable. Disease and natural disasters had weakened
the Mongol grip. Additionally, feuds broke out within the government, leaving the
countryside unprotected against bandits and rebels.
As life became more dangerous and difficult, Chinese peasants grew increasingly
frustrated with the incompetence of their rulers. Led by Zhu Yuanzhang, a peasant
uprising successfully invaded the city of Nanjing. In 1368, aided by gunpowder
weapons, Zhu and his army capt ...
The Ming And Qing Dynasties Of China
The document provides an overview of the Ming and Qing Dynasties in China. The Ming Dynasty restored native rule after the Mongol Yuan Dynasty and built the Great Wall to protect against northern nomads. However, the Ming Dynasty declined due to imperial extravagance, corruption, and piracy. The last Ming emperor committed suicide in 1644. The Qing Dynasty was founded by the Manchus in the northeast and went on to conquer all of China by the 1680s due to their military strength. The Qing Dynasty promoted Confucianism and stability under long-reigning emperors like Kangxi and Qianlong.
Legalism
Legalism was an influential philosophy in ancient China that believed humans are inherently selfish and inclined towards wrongdoing. It advocated for a strict legal system with harsh punishments to control people's behavior and maintain order. Legalism became the official ideology of the Qin Dynasty in the 3rd century BCE, but its harsh policies led to widespread unrest. After the Qin fell, China adopted the more moderate philosophy of Confucianism instead under the long-lasting Han Dynasty.
Lesson 3 Political, Social, and Religious
The young Chinese student faces a decision - whether to take the civil service exam, which could lead to a good government job, or join the army as his friends suggest may be better given his family's poor background. While his friends doubt a peasant can succeed, he has worked hard for his education and should at least try the exam to fulfill his family's dreams for his future.
P 1 Science, Education and Innovations in the context of modern problems-137-...
Organization: IMCRA Science, Education and Innovations in the Context of Modern Problems (2790-0169)
Type
Conference Proceedings (International)
ISSN 2790-0169
E-ISSN 2790-0177
Short Title SEI
Abbreviated key-title Sci. educ. innov. context mod. probl.
ISBN 978-1451-11-764-6
Editor Nasir Mammadov, Mammad
Chairman of Editorial Board Dr. Uma Shankar Yadav (India)
Publisher International Meetings and Conferences Research Association
E-mail (Submission & Contact) editor@imcra-az.org
Topics Science and Social Sciences (no Art and Humanities)
Frequency Bi-monthly (6 in a year)
Number of Regular Issues 6
Number or Special Issues No special issue.
Number or articles in Regular Issue 10-40 articles
Confucianism In Vietnam.pptx
The spread of Confucianism in Vietnam has profoundly impacted the country’s culture and society. With its roots in ancient China, this philosophical system found its way to Vietnam through centuries of cultural exchange and trade. Visit: https://saolatours.com/confucianism-tt100.html
Ancient china powerpoint voc
The document provides an overview of ancient Chinese history from its earliest dynasties to the Han Dynasty. It begins with the legendary Xia Dynasty and discusses the first provable dynasty, the Shang, known for bronze, silk, oracle bones, and writing. The Shang lost power when their king was cruel. The next Zhou Dynasty established feudalism and lasted the longest but collapsed into warring states. Confucius lived during this period and emphasized respect and ethics. The Qin Dynasty then united China under Shi Huangdi, though through harsh legalism. The Qin standardized measures and built projects like the Great Wall. The next Han Dynasty combined philosophy with a strong central government and civil service, and achieved advances like paper
Introduction to Bangladesh Public Administration.pptx
Public Administration is a newly emerged discipline compare to other Social Sciences discipline.
In Ancient Greek, Roman and Indian political system gave more importance to the concept of Public Administration.
Public Administration has gained immense importance since the emergence of Administrative state.
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12 point ----Times New Roman---- MLA FORMAT ---use sources att.docx
12 point ----Times New Roman---- MLA FORMAT ---use sources att.docx
Lecture Outline 6 Political Thought & Religion in Early China.docx
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Expansion and Isolationism in Eurasia How did approaches t.docx
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Chinese influence in vietnam
- 2. INTRODUCTION The major influences on Vietnamese political culture were of Chinese origin. Vietnam's political institutions were forged by 1,000 years of Chinese rule (111 B.C. to A.D. 939). The ancient Chinese system, based on Confucianism. Political institutions patterned after the Chinese model were imposed, and Confucianism became the official ideology.
- 3. The Chinese civil service examination system The Confucian court examination system in Vietnam (622-1913) was a system for entry into the civil service modelled on the Imperial examination in China. They were instituted at court level by the Lý Dynasty's Emperor Lý Nhân Tông in 1075 and continued some 1000 years later toward the final years of the Nguyễn Dynasty's Emperor Khải Định.
- 4. The examination system was divided into a regional and a national examination held at the royal capital The examinations themselves were composed of three or four tests, followed by a phúc hạch or control examination to confirm ide
- 5. Social Structure During the period of Chinese rule and for centuries after, Vietnamese social structure was patterned after the system prevalent in China For centuries Vietnamese society was knit together by Confucian norms based on five relationships: 1. the subordination of subject to ruler 2. son to father 3. wife to husband 4. younger brother to elder brother 5. the mutual respect between friends.
- 6. The traditional society was stratified on the basis of education and occupation into 5 groups: 1. The emperor 2. scholar-officials or mandarins 3. Farmers 4. Artisans 5. merchants.