The document provides an overview of Chinese culture and ethnicity. It discusses that the Han Chinese is the largest ethnic group in China, though there are other subsets that speak different dialects. It also summarizes communication styles, religious and spiritual practices, family structures, nutrition, health beliefs, and other cultural aspects of Chinese communities. Understanding these cultural factors is important for effectively interacting with and providing care for Chinese patients and families.
A Modern Approach to Healthcare:Bridging Dentistry, Medicine, Pharmacy, and ...Brian Bergh
The document discusses trends in healthcare delivery that will require greater coordination and integration between medical professionals. As the population ages and chronic diseases increase, healthcare costs are rising significantly. This will necessitate more preventative and comprehensive care that relies on a team-based approach using all levels of healthcare providers. New technologies and data sharing will also be needed to ensure proper treatment and avoid errors from uncoordinated care.
This document discusses prevention of eating addictions. It begins by establishing links between eating and the brain's reward system, and discusses common eating disorders like anorexia and bulimia. Prevention programs should aim to educate the public on signs and risks while also addressing cultural issues and low self-esteem. Effective prevention addresses societal pressures around thinness and gender roles while building self-esteem. Primary prevention targets youth through educating teachers and using books to promote healthy attitudes. Relapse prevention involves follow-up care and helping those recovering identify personal triggers.
Helping professional’s perception of the welfareAlexander Decker
This document discusses a study that surveyed helping professionals in South Africa on the welfare needs of AIDS orphans. 52 social workers, counselors, and psychologists responded to a questionnaire identifying the key welfare needs as: 1) Adequate feeding, 2) Education on preventing AIDS, 3) Access to quality education, 4) Basic personal requirements, 5) Counseling to cope with their situation, and 6) Career/job opportunities. The findings indicate strong agreement that AIDS orphans need proper healthcare, nutrition, education, counseling, and prevention education to address their trauma and meet their long-term needs.
This document discusses the importance of diversity and cultural competence in health care. It notes that the world's population is becoming more diverse, with developing countries accounting for 85% of the global population by 2025. Culture can impact how people experience and respond to illness and treatment. To provide effective care, health services must understand different cultural beliefs and address inequalities. Embracing diversity, creating safe spaces, intervening early, and education can help support diverse populations. True cross-cultural care requires respectful partnerships between providers, patients, and communities.
Steve Jobs attained unprecedented success in business thanks to his holistic approach to innovation. Therefore a holistic approach to homelessness will produce unprecedented results that are beneficial to all. The way we relate to one another is instrumental to our well-being and survival. So we must join forces and work together to reduce and/or end homelessness.
Many argue that holistic strategy (i.e. holistic approach to business) sounds abstract - but the chronic silo mentality in organizations reduces efficiency and contributes to more failure than success in the long run. Moreover, I believe that business must encompass the human experience since it is run by humans for humans. As Plato puts it: “The Part Can Never Be Well Unless the Whole is Well."
This document provides an overview of Chinese culture and health beliefs and practices. It discusses that China has over 1 billion people and the Chinese population worldwide is the largest. Chinese traditional medicine focuses on balance and views illness as an imbalance. The Chinese may use both traditional and Western medicines. The document also examines health issues like depression and alcoholism among Chinese populations and assesses the use of transcultural nursing theories to provide culturally competent care.
A Modern Approach to Healthcare:Bridging Dentistry, Medicine, Pharmacy, and ...Brian Bergh
The document discusses trends in healthcare delivery that will require greater coordination and integration between medical professionals. As the population ages and chronic diseases increase, healthcare costs are rising significantly. This will necessitate more preventative and comprehensive care that relies on a team-based approach using all levels of healthcare providers. New technologies and data sharing will also be needed to ensure proper treatment and avoid errors from uncoordinated care.
This document discusses prevention of eating addictions. It begins by establishing links between eating and the brain's reward system, and discusses common eating disorders like anorexia and bulimia. Prevention programs should aim to educate the public on signs and risks while also addressing cultural issues and low self-esteem. Effective prevention addresses societal pressures around thinness and gender roles while building self-esteem. Primary prevention targets youth through educating teachers and using books to promote healthy attitudes. Relapse prevention involves follow-up care and helping those recovering identify personal triggers.
Helping professional’s perception of the welfareAlexander Decker
This document discusses a study that surveyed helping professionals in South Africa on the welfare needs of AIDS orphans. 52 social workers, counselors, and psychologists responded to a questionnaire identifying the key welfare needs as: 1) Adequate feeding, 2) Education on preventing AIDS, 3) Access to quality education, 4) Basic personal requirements, 5) Counseling to cope with their situation, and 6) Career/job opportunities. The findings indicate strong agreement that AIDS orphans need proper healthcare, nutrition, education, counseling, and prevention education to address their trauma and meet their long-term needs.
This document discusses the importance of diversity and cultural competence in health care. It notes that the world's population is becoming more diverse, with developing countries accounting for 85% of the global population by 2025. Culture can impact how people experience and respond to illness and treatment. To provide effective care, health services must understand different cultural beliefs and address inequalities. Embracing diversity, creating safe spaces, intervening early, and education can help support diverse populations. True cross-cultural care requires respectful partnerships between providers, patients, and communities.
Steve Jobs attained unprecedented success in business thanks to his holistic approach to innovation. Therefore a holistic approach to homelessness will produce unprecedented results that are beneficial to all. The way we relate to one another is instrumental to our well-being and survival. So we must join forces and work together to reduce and/or end homelessness.
Many argue that holistic strategy (i.e. holistic approach to business) sounds abstract - but the chronic silo mentality in organizations reduces efficiency and contributes to more failure than success in the long run. Moreover, I believe that business must encompass the human experience since it is run by humans for humans. As Plato puts it: “The Part Can Never Be Well Unless the Whole is Well."
This document provides an overview of Chinese culture and health beliefs and practices. It discusses that China has over 1 billion people and the Chinese population worldwide is the largest. Chinese traditional medicine focuses on balance and views illness as an imbalance. The Chinese may use both traditional and Western medicines. The document also examines health issues like depression and alcoholism among Chinese populations and assesses the use of transcultural nursing theories to provide culturally competent care.
The document discusses cultural competence in healthcare. It identifies key aspects of culture that influence healthcare like beliefs, communication, and food. It also examines the increasing diversity of the US population and existing health disparities between racial and ethnic groups. The document provides resources for becoming culturally competent and inclusive as well as measuring diversity and inclusion within an organization.
The document discusses several topics related to health including definitions of health, components of health, leading causes of death in the US, health promotion goals, minority health status, alternative medical practices, and health issues across the lifespan. It provides statistics on life expectancy, infant mortality, causes of death for different age groups, and health risks among minority populations. The document also discusses models for analyzing health information and concerns about alternative medical therapies.
The document discusses several topics related to health including definitions of health, components of health, leading causes of death in the US, health promotion goals, minority health status, alternative medical practices, and health issues across the lifespan. It provides statistics on life expectancy, infant mortality, causes of death for different age groups, and health risks among minority populations. The document also discusses models for analyzing health information and concerns about alternative medical therapies.
The document discusses infant and child mortality rates in China and India. It notes that both countries have large populations and socioeconomic barriers that contribute to high mortality. In China, improvements in living standards initially had a negative impact on nutrition as diets changed, while in India factors like poor female education, wealth, and geographical disparities in child nutrition have exacerbated the problem. The document concludes that China and India remain top priorities for interventions due to similarities in their large populations and socioeconomic challenges, though China has more educated medical professionals concentrated in urban areas.
This document discusses a health assessment of a 23-year-old Native American male who reports experiencing anxiety, smoking marijuana, and drinking alcohol. It notes his family history of diabetes, hypertension, and alcoholism. The document summarizes several research articles discussing health issues that disproportionately impact Native American communities, such as high rates of tobacco and alcohol use, heart disease, and diabetes. It also provides guidance on conducting a sensitive health assessment, including monitoring the patient's behavior, asking open-ended questions, and considering factors like age, eye contact, and use of an interpreter if needed.
This document discusses a health assessment of a 23-year-old Native American male who reports experiencing anxiety, smoking marijuana, and drinking alcohol. It notes his family history of diabetes, hypertension, and alcoholism. The document summarizes several research articles discussing health issues that disproportionately impact Native American communities, such as high rates of tobacco and alcohol use, heart disease, and diabetes. It also provides guidance on conducting a sensitive health assessment, including monitoring the patient's behavior, asking open-ended questions, and considering factors like age, eye contact, and use of an interpreter if needed.
1
Healthcare
Student’s Name
Institutional Affiliation
Course Details
Instructor’s Name
Date
Healthcare
Health inequity is a serious healthcare problem that negatively affects everyone. This problem worsens the health outcomes of the population it directly impacts and those with resources and power. For instance, health disparity makes it hard to control, contain and treat infections illnesses, like the Covid-19, therefore putting everyone at risk of contracting the disease regardless of their socioeconomic class. Culture plays a critical role in patient care and health outcomes and affects our perception of others, health behaviors, and expectations during care delivery. This paper discusses health inequalities, advocacy for families, patients, and community, and cultural competencies. Comment by lola siyanbola: Can you explain how?
Health inequalities involve differences in health resources' distribution of health between different population groups resulting from social conditions in which members of the population are born, live, grow, work and age. The inequalities are basically the systematic differences in the status of health between population groups (Marmot, 2017). The inequalities have substantial economic and social costs to both persons and communities. Social factors including employment status, education level, gender, ethnicity, and level of income affect an individual's health status, therefore creating health disparities among populations due to variations of the social factors (Malbon, 2019). Lower socioeconomic status is associated with poor health outcomes. The appropriate combination of government policies can address these health disparities. Comment by lola siyanbola: This is a fact can you rephrase or cite Comment by lola siyanbola: This is too vague, can you elaborate a little?
I would advocate for patients by connecting them with resources outside and inside the hospital to support their wellbeing and double-check for errors to identify, stop, and correct errors to ensure their safety (Doucette et al., 2018). I would educate the patients on the best way to manage their health conditions and improve their quality of life. Protecting patients' rights and giving them a voice, particularly when vulnerable, is key to safe and quality patient care. I would advocate for families by utilizing my expertise to persuade the hospital authorities about the economic position of the family, their educational level, and their cultural values about patient care. I would advocate for the community by working to ensure community members are adequately and fairly treated in all matters of health.
The first Implicit Association Tests (IAT) reveals that I hold a moderate automatic preference for Arab Muslims with 26% over Other People. This means that I am likely to respond moderately respond faster to the care needs of patients from the Arap Muslim compared to other patients. ...
CIT: Responding to Mulitcultural Incidents citinfo
This document discusses cultural considerations for crisis intervention teams when responding to individuals from various cultural backgrounds. It provides an overview of the demographics and histories of immigrants and refugees in the US from places like Zimbabwe, Somalia, Laos and Hmong communities. It also discusses the cultural perspectives and practices around mental illness within these groups. The document outlines tips for crisis response with individuals from Hmong, Somali and Native American communities, emphasizing the importance of cultural awareness, respecting traditions, and working with community leaders.
This dissertation discusses how economic status can impact the nutritional health of homeless children in America. It explores how lack of access to nutritious food due to poverty can lead to malnutrition, developmental delays, and health problems in children. The author conducted a study examining the relationship between nutrition and aggressive behaviors in adolescents. The study found correlations between deficiencies in vitamins like zinc and proteins with increased aggressive behaviors. The dissertation recommends that communities address this issue through increased funding for food assistance programs, nutritional education, and ensuring soup kitchens and shelters have trained dietitians and nutritionists. The overall aim is to improve access to proper nutrition and prevent health problems in low-income children.
#WCIP2014 IASG - thematic paper health - rev1Dr Lendy Spires
This document summarizes a report on the health of indigenous peoples by the United Nations Inter-Agency Support Group. It finds that globally, indigenous peoples suffer poorer health outcomes than non-indigenous groups, including higher rates of infant and child mortality, communicable diseases, and mental health issues. Key challenges include lack of access to healthcare, poverty, discrimination, and loss of traditional lands and cultures. Improving data collection and ensuring culturally-appropriate healthcare are important to addressing health disparities faced by indigenous communities worldwide.
There are 4 peer responses needed and the instructions and posts are.docxsusannr
There are 4 peer responses needed and the instructions and posts are included below:
Guided Response:
Review several of your classmates’ posts. Provide a substantive response (a minimum of 100 words) to at least two of your peers by comparing and/or contrasting your selected three groups to theirs. What similarities or differences do you notice? How did your classmates justify their responses?
Nicole:
Vulnerability varies among people, some are more sensitive to it than others. When looking into various vulnerabilities I found that they can overlap, often vulnerable people are sensitive to risks that originate from economic, physical, social, biological, and genetic factors along with their lifestyle behaviors. Each of these factors plays an important role in vulnerabilities.
After an analysis of statistical data and trends related to different populations, I found that vulnerable mothers and children, abused individuals, and people affected by alcohol and substance abuse overlap in many ways. When considering data it is important to remember “It is difficult to get definitive data on any given population. Variations in how studies are conducted, the communities in which they are conducted, and the type of respondents all contribute to incomplete and inaccurate data compilation.”( Burkholder, D. M., & Nash, N. B. (2013). ). Vulnerable children can be affected by abuse ”Child maltreatment has enormous immediate and long-term repercussions. Beyond death, physical injury and disability, violence can lead to stress that impairs brain development and damages the nervous and immune systems.” (WHO). Many times child abuse can be linked to poverty and the stress of caring for children. Alcohol abuse can also be a cause of abuse of children, spouses or other people in our lives. Substance and alcohol abuse can also lead to health issues as well per the World health organization “Alcohol is a toxic and psychoactive substance with dependence producing propensities. Alcohol consumption contributes to 3 million deaths each year globally as well as to the disabilities and poor health of millions of people. Overall, the harmful use of alcohol is responsible for 5.1% of the global burden of disease” (WHO).
References:
Burkholder, D. M., & Nash, N. B. (2013).
Special populations in health care
[Electronic version]. Retrieved from
https://content.ashford.edu/ (Links to an external site.)
World Health Organization
.
Retrieved from
https://www.who.int/
Qiana:
There are many factors that can affect a person’s vulnerability. These factors can consist of finances, family, and education. (Burkholder & Nash,2013). The three groups that I feel are most vulnerable are people diagnosed with mental conditions, immigrants and refugees, indigent and homeless people.
Studies show that 50% of Americans have had some sort of knowledge of a mental illness in their lifetime. 5% of adults in America have been diagnosed with a serious mental disor.
(1) citation reference 150 words CultureHmong CultureC.docxmadlynplamondon
(1) citation reference 150 words
Culture
Hmong Culture
Considerations
In beginning the interview, a consideration to remember is that eye contact is considered rude to Hmong People and that tone of voice and body language are very important; taking too loudly, placing too much emphasis on words, or talking excessively with hands and arm movements can result in noncompliance (Carteret, 2012). As this patient is young and assumed to be mainstream with Western culture, she will likely be understanding and forgiving of eye contact, tone, and body language but interactions with older family members will require care.
Gender of the nurse might play a role in some assessments, it is important to ask if a male nurse has permission to touch the abdomen or auscultate the lungs, heart, or abdomen. Questions pertaining to sex should be private and held with a nurse who is the same gender as the patient, it is of note that questions or examinations regarding sexual health can be misinterpreted as judgment of promiscuity, resulting in refusal, so sex must be addressed with much explanation and rationale without judgment (Carteret, 2012). As infection can be related to sex or sexual contact, this should be addressed with this patient.
The patient’s language preference for the interview is also important. The patient is a young adult and in college, however, her preference might be Hmong, or the language typically spoken at home. Another consideration is, does the patient want anyone else present for her interview/assessment? Hmong People have a family structure that is patriarchal, meaning, the father generally very involved in decision making and can, ultimately have the final say on a topic or treatment; the mother is caregiver and may wish to be present to help take care of the patient. Hmong Elders also play a large role in decision making, with a Grandfather that might want to talk directly with the doctor and make decisions over the wishes of the patient or patient’s father (Carteret, 2012).
Hmong Culture has roots in animism, which is the belief that objects, places, animals, people, etc. all have spirits and bodies that maintain a natural balance (Duffy, J., Harmon, R., Ranard, D.A., Thao, B., & Yang, K. (2004). The fever in this patient could be related to an imbalance in her spirit, an inhabitation by another sprit that is making her ill, disapproval of recent behavior by dead ancestors, or a curse (Carteret, 2012). The family might elect to have a religious healer, or Shaman visit to perform holistic medicine on the patient, some of this medicine might cause burns or pinch marks with coining or skin pinching being common practices for illness (Khuu, Yee, & Zhou, 2017). An understanding of Western medicine might not be present, the patient or family may ask for dosages of antibiotics for infection or acetaminophen of fever to be increase or decrease based on how they feel; it is important to explain that medications are dosed on scientifi.
The podcast discusses cultural competence in treating chronic kidney disease and secondary hypoparathyroidism. It notes that minorities are disproportionately affected by these conditions. Barriers to treatment include cultural beliefs, differences from the U.S. healthcare system, lack of insurance, and language barriers. The podcast recommends healthcare providers understand these challenges and elicit patients' perspectives to provide culturally sensitive care.
Growing Old Under the One-Child Policy Current Challenges.docxshericehewat
Growing Old Under the One-Child Policy: Current Challenges and the Growing Need for Reform
Student Name
University of Maryland University College
Since China enacted its draconian one-child policy nearly 40 years ago, the country has effectively curbed its explosive population growth, and simultaneously clawed its way into being the world's second-largest economy. However, in contrast to its benefits, the one-child policy has also caused a number of serious complications in China's modern society, namely a gender imbalance, a labor shortage, and, most importantly, a significantly accelerated aging society. As China pours almost all of its planning and resources into its future, the country has all but forgotten about the people who built it in the first place. Research into the effects of the one-child policy has typically focused on the younger or future generations of China. But now, more than ever, the challenges faced by China's aging population are at the forefront. The disparity between traditional eldercare and today's reality under the one-child policy spurred in part by massive internal migration, along with the severe impacts of inadequate care on the elderly population, clearly illustrates China's responsibility to reform its eldercare policies.
Care for the elderly in China has traditionally been provided by each successive generation, with little to no support from the government. Lu, Liu, and Piggott (2015) defined this traditional familial care method as informal care, one of the pillars of the culture's long-term care structure. Through their research, Lu et al. found that there are many factors that determine if an elderly couple will receive long term care from their children, to include education levels and personal wealth. Additionally, they found that male children statistically gave more time and resources in care of their parents than female children, which may have been a factor of China's gender imbalance, another effect of the one-child policy. Finally, Lu et al.’s (2015) research revealed that the likelihood of receiving eldercare dropped significantly if the family had more than one child, a sharp contradiction towards many researchers' theories that more children would result in better long-term eldercare. Informal care as a long-term care option has always been the key to ensuring that the aging population of China is not neglected.
China’s one-child policy has radically impacted the country’s demographic distribution, which, when combined with massive internal migration, has left millions of aging Chinese without care or support. As noted by Chen, Xu, Li, and Song (2018), the combination of lower mortality rates, increased life expectancy, and below-replacement fertility has accelerated China's aging society, heralding new challenges in eldercare for the country. The task of providing informal care, according to Lu, Liu, and Piggott (2018), has traditionally fallen onto the shoulders of younger generations, wi ...
Week 3 - AssignmeCountry Choice for the Final PaperReview .docxendawalling
Week 3 - AssignmeCountry Choice for the Final Paper
Review the Final Paper criteria in Week Six of the course. Choose a country of your choice for your Final Paper. Make sure you choose one that has enough information to assess. In 200-300 words, describe the country you have chosen and list at least three sources that you will be able to use to extract the information necessary for the Final Paper. In Week 4, you will present an outline and concept paper of the country you have chosen for instructor feedback.
Carefully review the
Grading Rubric (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
for the criteria that will be used to evaluate your assignment.
Final Paper
Based on the country you have selected, analyze its health system in terms of cost, quality, and access to care. Discuss how the country you chose is different from the United States. Politics, culture, wealth, history and environmental factors influence the development and distribution of health services. Your analysis should speak to the following elements:
Impact on vulnerable population (elderly, children, mental ill, etc)
Women’s health and maternal child health
Disease management of communicable and non-communicable diseases
The theory and practice of health promotion
Behavioral and lifestyle factors that affect health and illness
Include appropriate comparison and contrasts with the health systems of countries that were covered in this course.
Week 3 Standard Guidance:
The healthcare systems in developing nations differ from the developed nations. The author provides some interesting quotes: The roof of the house fights the rain, but he who is sheltered ignores it (Nigerian Proverb) and Understanding human needs is half the job of meeting them (Adlai Stevenson). As you go through this week’s information on
India (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
and the
Russian Federation (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
, you will learn what makes the countries in developing nations more of a challenge. Many cultural differences and lifestyle habits contribute to the differences including spirituality, domination of one group over another, wealth of population, and education. Here are some interesting facts from your readings about India and the Russian Federation (Lovett-Scott & Prather, 2014):
Fact:
India
The Russian Federation
Introduction and Overview
A. The population in India is 1,205,073,612 (approximately 1.2 Billion)
B. High infant mortality rate; 85:1,000 under 5 year old mortality rate
C. Low life expectancy of 62 years
D. Low literacy rate
E. Male dominated society, women are subservient to males
F. Poorly managed and funded, National Health Care System.
G. Residents receive acute care only
H. Major public health problems like contaminated water, and poor sanitation
I. Health care system challenged by numerous chronic, infectious diseases
J. India’s endemic problem ...
Comprehensive Rainy Season Advisory: Safety and Preparedness Tips.pdfDr Rachana Gujar
The "Comprehensive Rainy Season Advisory: Safety and Preparedness Tips" offers essential guidance for navigating rainy weather conditions. It covers strategies for staying safe during storms, flood prevention measures, and advice on preparing for inclement weather. This advisory aims to ensure individuals are equipped with the knowledge and resources to handle the challenges of the rainy season effectively, emphasizing safety, preparedness, and resilience.
PET CT beginners Guide covers some of the underrepresented topics in PET CTMiadAlsulami
This lecture briefly covers some of the underrepresented topics in Molecular imaging with cases , such as:
- Primary pleural tumors and pleural metastases.
- Distinguishing between MPM and Talc Pleurodesis.
- Urological tumors.
- The role of FDG PET in NET.
International Cancer Survivors Day is celebrated during June, placing the spotlight not only on cancer survivors, but also their caregivers.
CANSA has compiled a list of tips and guidelines of support:
https://cansa.org.za/who-cares-for-cancer-patients-caregivers/
The document discusses cultural competence in healthcare. It identifies key aspects of culture that influence healthcare like beliefs, communication, and food. It also examines the increasing diversity of the US population and existing health disparities between racial and ethnic groups. The document provides resources for becoming culturally competent and inclusive as well as measuring diversity and inclusion within an organization.
The document discusses several topics related to health including definitions of health, components of health, leading causes of death in the US, health promotion goals, minority health status, alternative medical practices, and health issues across the lifespan. It provides statistics on life expectancy, infant mortality, causes of death for different age groups, and health risks among minority populations. The document also discusses models for analyzing health information and concerns about alternative medical therapies.
The document discusses several topics related to health including definitions of health, components of health, leading causes of death in the US, health promotion goals, minority health status, alternative medical practices, and health issues across the lifespan. It provides statistics on life expectancy, infant mortality, causes of death for different age groups, and health risks among minority populations. The document also discusses models for analyzing health information and concerns about alternative medical therapies.
The document discusses infant and child mortality rates in China and India. It notes that both countries have large populations and socioeconomic barriers that contribute to high mortality. In China, improvements in living standards initially had a negative impact on nutrition as diets changed, while in India factors like poor female education, wealth, and geographical disparities in child nutrition have exacerbated the problem. The document concludes that China and India remain top priorities for interventions due to similarities in their large populations and socioeconomic challenges, though China has more educated medical professionals concentrated in urban areas.
This document discusses a health assessment of a 23-year-old Native American male who reports experiencing anxiety, smoking marijuana, and drinking alcohol. It notes his family history of diabetes, hypertension, and alcoholism. The document summarizes several research articles discussing health issues that disproportionately impact Native American communities, such as high rates of tobacco and alcohol use, heart disease, and diabetes. It also provides guidance on conducting a sensitive health assessment, including monitoring the patient's behavior, asking open-ended questions, and considering factors like age, eye contact, and use of an interpreter if needed.
This document discusses a health assessment of a 23-year-old Native American male who reports experiencing anxiety, smoking marijuana, and drinking alcohol. It notes his family history of diabetes, hypertension, and alcoholism. The document summarizes several research articles discussing health issues that disproportionately impact Native American communities, such as high rates of tobacco and alcohol use, heart disease, and diabetes. It also provides guidance on conducting a sensitive health assessment, including monitoring the patient's behavior, asking open-ended questions, and considering factors like age, eye contact, and use of an interpreter if needed.
1
Healthcare
Student’s Name
Institutional Affiliation
Course Details
Instructor’s Name
Date
Healthcare
Health inequity is a serious healthcare problem that negatively affects everyone. This problem worsens the health outcomes of the population it directly impacts and those with resources and power. For instance, health disparity makes it hard to control, contain and treat infections illnesses, like the Covid-19, therefore putting everyone at risk of contracting the disease regardless of their socioeconomic class. Culture plays a critical role in patient care and health outcomes and affects our perception of others, health behaviors, and expectations during care delivery. This paper discusses health inequalities, advocacy for families, patients, and community, and cultural competencies. Comment by lola siyanbola: Can you explain how?
Health inequalities involve differences in health resources' distribution of health between different population groups resulting from social conditions in which members of the population are born, live, grow, work and age. The inequalities are basically the systematic differences in the status of health between population groups (Marmot, 2017). The inequalities have substantial economic and social costs to both persons and communities. Social factors including employment status, education level, gender, ethnicity, and level of income affect an individual's health status, therefore creating health disparities among populations due to variations of the social factors (Malbon, 2019). Lower socioeconomic status is associated with poor health outcomes. The appropriate combination of government policies can address these health disparities. Comment by lola siyanbola: This is a fact can you rephrase or cite Comment by lola siyanbola: This is too vague, can you elaborate a little?
I would advocate for patients by connecting them with resources outside and inside the hospital to support their wellbeing and double-check for errors to identify, stop, and correct errors to ensure their safety (Doucette et al., 2018). I would educate the patients on the best way to manage their health conditions and improve their quality of life. Protecting patients' rights and giving them a voice, particularly when vulnerable, is key to safe and quality patient care. I would advocate for families by utilizing my expertise to persuade the hospital authorities about the economic position of the family, their educational level, and their cultural values about patient care. I would advocate for the community by working to ensure community members are adequately and fairly treated in all matters of health.
The first Implicit Association Tests (IAT) reveals that I hold a moderate automatic preference for Arab Muslims with 26% over Other People. This means that I am likely to respond moderately respond faster to the care needs of patients from the Arap Muslim compared to other patients. ...
CIT: Responding to Mulitcultural Incidents citinfo
This document discusses cultural considerations for crisis intervention teams when responding to individuals from various cultural backgrounds. It provides an overview of the demographics and histories of immigrants and refugees in the US from places like Zimbabwe, Somalia, Laos and Hmong communities. It also discusses the cultural perspectives and practices around mental illness within these groups. The document outlines tips for crisis response with individuals from Hmong, Somali and Native American communities, emphasizing the importance of cultural awareness, respecting traditions, and working with community leaders.
This dissertation discusses how economic status can impact the nutritional health of homeless children in America. It explores how lack of access to nutritious food due to poverty can lead to malnutrition, developmental delays, and health problems in children. The author conducted a study examining the relationship between nutrition and aggressive behaviors in adolescents. The study found correlations between deficiencies in vitamins like zinc and proteins with increased aggressive behaviors. The dissertation recommends that communities address this issue through increased funding for food assistance programs, nutritional education, and ensuring soup kitchens and shelters have trained dietitians and nutritionists. The overall aim is to improve access to proper nutrition and prevent health problems in low-income children.
#WCIP2014 IASG - thematic paper health - rev1Dr Lendy Spires
This document summarizes a report on the health of indigenous peoples by the United Nations Inter-Agency Support Group. It finds that globally, indigenous peoples suffer poorer health outcomes than non-indigenous groups, including higher rates of infant and child mortality, communicable diseases, and mental health issues. Key challenges include lack of access to healthcare, poverty, discrimination, and loss of traditional lands and cultures. Improving data collection and ensuring culturally-appropriate healthcare are important to addressing health disparities faced by indigenous communities worldwide.
There are 4 peer responses needed and the instructions and posts are.docxsusannr
There are 4 peer responses needed and the instructions and posts are included below:
Guided Response:
Review several of your classmates’ posts. Provide a substantive response (a minimum of 100 words) to at least two of your peers by comparing and/or contrasting your selected three groups to theirs. What similarities or differences do you notice? How did your classmates justify their responses?
Nicole:
Vulnerability varies among people, some are more sensitive to it than others. When looking into various vulnerabilities I found that they can overlap, often vulnerable people are sensitive to risks that originate from economic, physical, social, biological, and genetic factors along with their lifestyle behaviors. Each of these factors plays an important role in vulnerabilities.
After an analysis of statistical data and trends related to different populations, I found that vulnerable mothers and children, abused individuals, and people affected by alcohol and substance abuse overlap in many ways. When considering data it is important to remember “It is difficult to get definitive data on any given population. Variations in how studies are conducted, the communities in which they are conducted, and the type of respondents all contribute to incomplete and inaccurate data compilation.”( Burkholder, D. M., & Nash, N. B. (2013). ). Vulnerable children can be affected by abuse ”Child maltreatment has enormous immediate and long-term repercussions. Beyond death, physical injury and disability, violence can lead to stress that impairs brain development and damages the nervous and immune systems.” (WHO). Many times child abuse can be linked to poverty and the stress of caring for children. Alcohol abuse can also be a cause of abuse of children, spouses or other people in our lives. Substance and alcohol abuse can also lead to health issues as well per the World health organization “Alcohol is a toxic and psychoactive substance with dependence producing propensities. Alcohol consumption contributes to 3 million deaths each year globally as well as to the disabilities and poor health of millions of people. Overall, the harmful use of alcohol is responsible for 5.1% of the global burden of disease” (WHO).
References:
Burkholder, D. M., & Nash, N. B. (2013).
Special populations in health care
[Electronic version]. Retrieved from
https://content.ashford.edu/ (Links to an external site.)
World Health Organization
.
Retrieved from
https://www.who.int/
Qiana:
There are many factors that can affect a person’s vulnerability. These factors can consist of finances, family, and education. (Burkholder & Nash,2013). The three groups that I feel are most vulnerable are people diagnosed with mental conditions, immigrants and refugees, indigent and homeless people.
Studies show that 50% of Americans have had some sort of knowledge of a mental illness in their lifetime. 5% of adults in America have been diagnosed with a serious mental disor.
(1) citation reference 150 words CultureHmong CultureC.docxmadlynplamondon
(1) citation reference 150 words
Culture
Hmong Culture
Considerations
In beginning the interview, a consideration to remember is that eye contact is considered rude to Hmong People and that tone of voice and body language are very important; taking too loudly, placing too much emphasis on words, or talking excessively with hands and arm movements can result in noncompliance (Carteret, 2012). As this patient is young and assumed to be mainstream with Western culture, she will likely be understanding and forgiving of eye contact, tone, and body language but interactions with older family members will require care.
Gender of the nurse might play a role in some assessments, it is important to ask if a male nurse has permission to touch the abdomen or auscultate the lungs, heart, or abdomen. Questions pertaining to sex should be private and held with a nurse who is the same gender as the patient, it is of note that questions or examinations regarding sexual health can be misinterpreted as judgment of promiscuity, resulting in refusal, so sex must be addressed with much explanation and rationale without judgment (Carteret, 2012). As infection can be related to sex or sexual contact, this should be addressed with this patient.
The patient’s language preference for the interview is also important. The patient is a young adult and in college, however, her preference might be Hmong, or the language typically spoken at home. Another consideration is, does the patient want anyone else present for her interview/assessment? Hmong People have a family structure that is patriarchal, meaning, the father generally very involved in decision making and can, ultimately have the final say on a topic or treatment; the mother is caregiver and may wish to be present to help take care of the patient. Hmong Elders also play a large role in decision making, with a Grandfather that might want to talk directly with the doctor and make decisions over the wishes of the patient or patient’s father (Carteret, 2012).
Hmong Culture has roots in animism, which is the belief that objects, places, animals, people, etc. all have spirits and bodies that maintain a natural balance (Duffy, J., Harmon, R., Ranard, D.A., Thao, B., & Yang, K. (2004). The fever in this patient could be related to an imbalance in her spirit, an inhabitation by another sprit that is making her ill, disapproval of recent behavior by dead ancestors, or a curse (Carteret, 2012). The family might elect to have a religious healer, or Shaman visit to perform holistic medicine on the patient, some of this medicine might cause burns or pinch marks with coining or skin pinching being common practices for illness (Khuu, Yee, & Zhou, 2017). An understanding of Western medicine might not be present, the patient or family may ask for dosages of antibiotics for infection or acetaminophen of fever to be increase or decrease based on how they feel; it is important to explain that medications are dosed on scientifi.
The podcast discusses cultural competence in treating chronic kidney disease and secondary hypoparathyroidism. It notes that minorities are disproportionately affected by these conditions. Barriers to treatment include cultural beliefs, differences from the U.S. healthcare system, lack of insurance, and language barriers. The podcast recommends healthcare providers understand these challenges and elicit patients' perspectives to provide culturally sensitive care.
Growing Old Under the One-Child Policy Current Challenges.docxshericehewat
Growing Old Under the One-Child Policy: Current Challenges and the Growing Need for Reform
Student Name
University of Maryland University College
Since China enacted its draconian one-child policy nearly 40 years ago, the country has effectively curbed its explosive population growth, and simultaneously clawed its way into being the world's second-largest economy. However, in contrast to its benefits, the one-child policy has also caused a number of serious complications in China's modern society, namely a gender imbalance, a labor shortage, and, most importantly, a significantly accelerated aging society. As China pours almost all of its planning and resources into its future, the country has all but forgotten about the people who built it in the first place. Research into the effects of the one-child policy has typically focused on the younger or future generations of China. But now, more than ever, the challenges faced by China's aging population are at the forefront. The disparity between traditional eldercare and today's reality under the one-child policy spurred in part by massive internal migration, along with the severe impacts of inadequate care on the elderly population, clearly illustrates China's responsibility to reform its eldercare policies.
Care for the elderly in China has traditionally been provided by each successive generation, with little to no support from the government. Lu, Liu, and Piggott (2015) defined this traditional familial care method as informal care, one of the pillars of the culture's long-term care structure. Through their research, Lu et al. found that there are many factors that determine if an elderly couple will receive long term care from their children, to include education levels and personal wealth. Additionally, they found that male children statistically gave more time and resources in care of their parents than female children, which may have been a factor of China's gender imbalance, another effect of the one-child policy. Finally, Lu et al.’s (2015) research revealed that the likelihood of receiving eldercare dropped significantly if the family had more than one child, a sharp contradiction towards many researchers' theories that more children would result in better long-term eldercare. Informal care as a long-term care option has always been the key to ensuring that the aging population of China is not neglected.
China’s one-child policy has radically impacted the country’s demographic distribution, which, when combined with massive internal migration, has left millions of aging Chinese without care or support. As noted by Chen, Xu, Li, and Song (2018), the combination of lower mortality rates, increased life expectancy, and below-replacement fertility has accelerated China's aging society, heralding new challenges in eldercare for the country. The task of providing informal care, according to Lu, Liu, and Piggott (2018), has traditionally fallen onto the shoulders of younger generations, wi ...
Week 3 - AssignmeCountry Choice for the Final PaperReview .docxendawalling
Week 3 - AssignmeCountry Choice for the Final Paper
Review the Final Paper criteria in Week Six of the course. Choose a country of your choice for your Final Paper. Make sure you choose one that has enough information to assess. In 200-300 words, describe the country you have chosen and list at least three sources that you will be able to use to extract the information necessary for the Final Paper. In Week 4, you will present an outline and concept paper of the country you have chosen for instructor feedback.
Carefully review the
Grading Rubric (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
for the criteria that will be used to evaluate your assignment.
Final Paper
Based on the country you have selected, analyze its health system in terms of cost, quality, and access to care. Discuss how the country you chose is different from the United States. Politics, culture, wealth, history and environmental factors influence the development and distribution of health services. Your analysis should speak to the following elements:
Impact on vulnerable population (elderly, children, mental ill, etc)
Women’s health and maternal child health
Disease management of communicable and non-communicable diseases
The theory and practice of health promotion
Behavioral and lifestyle factors that affect health and illness
Include appropriate comparison and contrasts with the health systems of countries that were covered in this course.
Week 3 Standard Guidance:
The healthcare systems in developing nations differ from the developed nations. The author provides some interesting quotes: The roof of the house fights the rain, but he who is sheltered ignores it (Nigerian Proverb) and Understanding human needs is half the job of meeting them (Adlai Stevenson). As you go through this week’s information on
India (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
and the
Russian Federation (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
, you will learn what makes the countries in developing nations more of a challenge. Many cultural differences and lifestyle habits contribute to the differences including spirituality, domination of one group over another, wealth of population, and education. Here are some interesting facts from your readings about India and the Russian Federation (Lovett-Scott & Prather, 2014):
Fact:
India
The Russian Federation
Introduction and Overview
A. The population in India is 1,205,073,612 (approximately 1.2 Billion)
B. High infant mortality rate; 85:1,000 under 5 year old mortality rate
C. Low life expectancy of 62 years
D. Low literacy rate
E. Male dominated society, women are subservient to males
F. Poorly managed and funded, National Health Care System.
G. Residents receive acute care only
H. Major public health problems like contaminated water, and poor sanitation
I. Health care system challenged by numerous chronic, infectious diseases
J. India’s endemic problem ...
Comprehensive Rainy Season Advisory: Safety and Preparedness Tips.pdfDr Rachana Gujar
The "Comprehensive Rainy Season Advisory: Safety and Preparedness Tips" offers essential guidance for navigating rainy weather conditions. It covers strategies for staying safe during storms, flood prevention measures, and advice on preparing for inclement weather. This advisory aims to ensure individuals are equipped with the knowledge and resources to handle the challenges of the rainy season effectively, emphasizing safety, preparedness, and resilience.
PET CT beginners Guide covers some of the underrepresented topics in PET CTMiadAlsulami
This lecture briefly covers some of the underrepresented topics in Molecular imaging with cases , such as:
- Primary pleural tumors and pleural metastases.
- Distinguishing between MPM and Talc Pleurodesis.
- Urological tumors.
- The role of FDG PET in NET.
International Cancer Survivors Day is celebrated during June, placing the spotlight not only on cancer survivors, but also their caregivers.
CANSA has compiled a list of tips and guidelines of support:
https://cansa.org.za/who-cares-for-cancer-patients-caregivers/
Michigan HealthTech Market Map 2024. Includes 7 categories: Policy Makers, Academic Innovation Centers, Digital Health Providers, Healthcare Providers, Payers / Insurance, Device Companies, Life Science Companies, Innovation Accelerators. Developed by the Michigan-Israel Business Accelerator
Can Allopathy and Homeopathy Be Used Together in India.pdfDharma Homoeopathy
This article explores the potential for combining allopathy and homeopathy in India, examining the benefits, challenges, and the emerging field of integrative medicine.
The facial nerve, also known as cranial nerve VII, is one of the 12 cranial nerves originating from the brain. It's a mixed nerve, meaning it contains both sensory and motor fibres, and it plays a crucial role in controlling various facial muscles, as well as conveying sensory information from the taste buds on the anterior two-thirds of the tongue.
Letter to MREC - application to conduct studyAzreen Aj
Application to conduct study on research title 'Awareness and knowledge of oral cancer and precancer among dental outpatient in Klinik Pergigian Merlimau, Melaka'
TEST BANK For Accounting Information Systems, 3rd Edition by Vernon Richardso...rightmanforbloodline
TEST BANK For Accounting Information Systems, 3rd Edition by Vernon Richardson, Verified Chapters 1 - 18, Complete Newest Version
TEST BANK For Accounting Information Systems, 3rd Edition by Vernon Richardson, Verified Chapters 1 - 18, Complete Newest Version
TEST BANK For Accounting Information Systems, 3rd Edition by Vernon Richardson, Verified Chapters 1 - 18, Complete Newest Version
Healthy Eating Habits:
Understanding Nutrition Labels: Teaches how to read and interpret food labels, focusing on serving sizes, calorie intake, and nutrients to limit or include.
Tips for Healthy Eating: Offers practical advice such as incorporating a variety of foods, practicing moderation, staying hydrated, and eating mindfully.
Benefits of Regular Exercise:
Physical Benefits: Discusses how exercise aids in weight management, muscle and bone health, cardiovascular health, and flexibility.
Mental Benefits: Explains the psychological advantages, including stress reduction, improved mood, and better sleep.
Tips for Staying Active:
Encourages consistency, variety in exercises, setting realistic goals, and finding enjoyable activities to maintain motivation.
Maintaining a Balanced Lifestyle:
Integrating Nutrition and Exercise: Suggests meal planning and incorporating physical activity into daily routines.
Monitoring Progress: Recommends tracking food intake and exercise, regular health check-ups, and provides tips for achieving balance, such as getting sufficient sleep, managing stress, and staying socially active.
LGBTQ+ Adults: Unique Opportunities and Inclusive Approaches to CareVITASAuthor
This webinar helps clinicians understand the unique healthcare needs of the LGBTQ+ community, primarily in relation to end-of-life care. Topics include social and cultural background and challenges, healthcare disparities, advanced care planning, and strategies for reaching the community and improving quality of care.
Can coffee help me lose weight? Yes, 25,422 users in the USA use it for that ...nirahealhty
The South Beach Coffee Java Diet is a variation of the popular South Beach Diet, which was developed by cardiologist Dr. Arthur Agatston. The original South Beach Diet focuses on consuming lean proteins, healthy fats, and low-glycemic index carbohydrates. The South Beach Coffee Java Diet adds the element of coffee, specifically caffeine, to enhance weight loss and improve energy levels.
2. Overview of Chinese Ethnicity and
Culture
According to the Centers for Disease Control, the Chinese are the largest ethnic group in the
world and is continuing to grow. In the United States alone, there is an estimated population of
1.6 million Chinese immigrants (Purnell, 2009).
Many do not realize that within the Chinese ethnicity the Hans Chinese is the largest group, but
that there are also other subsets of Chinese groups, each subset unique in their own dialect.
Mandarin is spoken by approximately 70% of the Chinese, however, there are many other
dialects such as Cantonese, Hakka, Hokkien, Xian, Min, Gan, and Wu. Although, all written
dialect is the same across these subsets (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC],
2014).
Retrieved from : www.prchinese.com
3. Communication
When communicating with someone of Chinese descent, it is important to
remember that the Chinese people are usually soft spoken, and prefer
conversations in quieter tones.
It is also considered to be disrespectful to maintain direct eye contact, and
direct eye contact with a member of the opposite sex may be considered as
flirtatious (CDC, 2014).
Although a handshake is appropriate, most Chinese prefer not to be touched.
It is important to give an explanation as to the reason that touch is needed
before actually touching someone of this ethnicity (Purnell, 2009).
Also, in many families, the eldest male is the one who makes all the decisions
for the family, so it is important to understand who needs to be involved in
conversations regarding decision making (CDC, 2014).
4. Chinese Percentage of the U.S.
Population
According to the Migration Policy Institute, in 2010 there were 1.8 million Chinese immigrants,
although 4.3 million persons reported themselves of being of Chinese or Cantonese ethnicity.
In 2010, more than half of the reported Chinese immigrants lived in California or New York,
although South Dakota had the highest percentage of Chinese immigrants nationwide at 9.7%.
Other heavily populated areas of persons of Chinese descent were North Dakota, New Jersey,
Philadelphia, and Hawaii (McCabe, 2012).
Retrieved from: www.flickr.com
5. Chinese Poverty Rate
According to the World Bank, China has an estimated GDP of 8.227 million US dollars as of 2012.
Also out of a population of 1.35 billion, only 98.99 million fell below the national poverty line in 2012.
In the United States in 2010, the percentage of Chinese immigrants living below the poverty level was 16.1%
compared to all foreign born immigrants living below the poverty level at 18.7% (McCabe, 2012).
Retrieved from: www.xinhuanet.com
6. Biocultural Variations
According to Andrews, in general, Chinese men and women are shorter
in stature and smaller in frame than persons of other ethnicities. Men
reach an average height of 65.7 inches, and women reach an average
height of 60.3 inches (2012).
Most persons of Chinese descent have black straight hair, although some
do have naturally curly hair. They have brown eyes and distinct
epicanthal eye folds (Andrews, 2012).
Mongolian spots are also present in the majority of the population and
should not be confused with bruises (Andrews, 2012).
7. Lifespan
According to the Central Intelligence Agency in 2012, the average
lifespan of an individual of Chinese descent is:
Males average of 73.09 years
Females average of 77.43 years
Total Population average of 75.15 years
Retrieved from: www.boloji.com
8. Incidence of Disease
The Chinese have an increase in pre-disposition to certain diseases and
disorders such as:
α-thalassemia
G-6-PD deficiency, Chinese type
Lactase deficiency, adult (Andrews, 2012).
Retrieved from: www.English.cctv.com
9. Communication Styles
First generation Chinese Americans speak either Mandarin or Cantonese (National Hospice and
Palliative Care Organization, 2009).
Chinese is second only to Spanish as the most frequently used non-English language in homes in
the US. (NAMI, 2011)
Healthcare workers need to know more than the language to communicate effectively with
Chinese.
Retrieved from: www.blog.dnevnik.hr
10. Communication Styles
Factors other than verbal language to consider:
Guarded disclosure (Wang & Kerney, 2013)
Highly recognized personal space (Andrews & Boyle, 2011)
Limited eye contact and touching (Andrews & Boyle, 2011)
Written language virtually universal. (National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization, 2009)
Retrieved from:
www.businessetiquettearoundtheworld.com
11. Affiliations
Religious:
Unaffiliated = 52%; Protestant = 22%; Buddhist = 18%; Catholic = 8% (Pew
Research Center, 2010)
Political:
Democrat = 52%; Republican = 32%; No leaning = 16% (Pew Research
Center, 2010)
12. Sanctions and Restrictions
Divorce: Traditionally, divorce is frowned upon by society and
discouraged by the state (Xu, Zang, & Amato, 2011).
Homosexuality: Although lagging behind the US, China is more accepting
today (USC, 2014). Asian American attitudes similar to general American
population in thinking homosexuality should be accepted rather than a
rejected behavior (Pew Research Center, 2010).
Emotional Outburst: Asian culture encourages emotional discipline and
discourages outbursts. Biological differences can be seen between
Eastern and Western groups that suppress emotions (Murata, Moser, &
Kitayama, 2011).
13. Developmental Differences
Research on comparative differences between Chinese and Western
populations is scarce and misleading (Wang et al., 2011).
Developmental differences may be a reflection of culture (Vermont
Department of Health, 2014).
Language- Differences may be related to SES rather than COO (Zhang,
Jin, Hoff, Shen, & Zhang, 2008).
14. Economics in China
China has one of the world’s fastest growing economies with approximately 10% growth
per year since 1978. However, the average per capita income per family is still much
lower in China than it is in other industrialized countries such as the United States and
Japan (Guo, 2013).
China has a Socialist Market Economy. A market economy is regulated by it’s means of
production. In a market economy, public ownership takes dominance. It is a mutual
ownership by the working citizens (Ding, 2009).
There has been a recent growth of private ownership while the public ownership has
started to decline. This has caused a rising income gap between the wealthy and the
poor (Ding, 2009).
Families depend on their young adults to enter the workforce as soon as they complete
high school. They usually live with their families and contribute to the household finances
well into adulthood. They are often married and still living at home (Purnell, 2009).
Retrieved from:
www.banknotes.com
15. Education in China
Childhood Education
The schools in China have large classroom sizes.
Both the teachers and the students are enthusiastic about
learning.
English is required beginning in the 2nd grade, chemistry and
physics are introduced in the 3rd grade, and visual and
performing arts are emphasized in middle school.
In China, they place importance on physical activity and all
students are required to participate in daily exercise. There is
very little prevalence of obesity.
In high school, the Chinese student chooses a career path and
begins to focus on that path. They either go to college
preparatory schools or trade high schools.
(Mijares,2009)
University Education
Education is extremely important in China and teenagers
are expected to stay focused and study.
There are limited enrollment opportunities in China.
Therefore, Chinese students often come to the United
States in order to achieve a more respected education.
They may also enroll in American schools that have
moved campuses to China.
(Purnell, 2009)
Retrieved from:
www.click2houston.com
16. Health Related
Beliefs and
Practices in China
Other common health concerns in China:
• Many men and teenagers smoke
• Common conditions include: Hepatitis B,
pancreatic cancer, lung disease,
tuberculosis, diabetes, nasopharyngeal
cancer, liver disease, cardiovascular disease,
and stomach cancer
(Purnell, 2009)
Retrieved from: www.fic.nih.gov
17. Health Related Beliefs and Practices
Communication considerations in relation to health care:
It is important to give very specific instructions using short, concise sentences.
If you have to touch a patient, give an explanation for the touch and do so
minimally.
Make sure the head of the family is present when making health-related
decisions.
The topic of sex is taboo. Do not disclose same-sex relationships as it is
sometimes punishable by death.
( Purnell, 2009)
18. Pregnancy in
Chinese Women
• Chinese women are very modest
and may insist on a female
provider.
• Teenage pregnancy is not very
common, but is growing.
• It is believed that pregnancy is the
woman’s business.
• After delivery, Chinese women
increase their meat intake, but do
not take iron supplements.
• Cold air is taboo and they avoid it
for one month. This includes: not
going outside, not bathing,
wearing layers of clothes, and not
eating raw fruits and vegetables.
(Purnell, 2009)
Retrieved from: www.chinesemedicinebristol.blogspot.com
19. Health: Traditional Chinese Medicine
Some older Chinese use both traditional Chinese medicine as well as Western
medicine. They will usually only resort to Western medicine if the traditional
medicine has not worked. They may not disclose to the provider that they
have used traditional medicine.
In traditional medicine, pain is described as diffuse body symptoms. They use
oils for massages, sleeping on the area, relaxation, and aspirin to treat pain.
They search for a balance between yin and yang for both physical and
mental health.
Mental illness is taboo and is hidden. Often, a folk healer is used for this.
The Chinese are reluctant to allow autopsies because they do not want the
body to be cut up.
(Purnell, 2009)
20. Kinship and Social Networks
The Chinese family is structured around the male lines. The head of the family, usually the
father, holds great authority and typically assumes all major responsibilities in the household.
The father often does the cleaning, cooking, and other housework while the spouse goes to
work.
The Chinese believe family is very important and they often shift in roles to maintain harmony in
the home.
The children are significantly valued and the parents usually invest their resources in their
children.
The family makes decisions as a unit.
The children are pressured to be successful and spend a lot of time focusing on their studies.
The Chinese also value their extended family and sometimes live with them in order to help out
financially.
(Purnell, 2009)
21. Nutrition
Food habits are important to the Chinese and focus on being well-balanced to promote a healthy body, both
physically and emotionally (Purnell, 2009).
The Chinese almost never eat “ready meals”. Food is typically freshly cooked at each meal. They eat a large
amount of vegetables, which they cook quickly in order to maintain the nutritional value.
Instead of eating large meals at one sitting, they tend to eat small, frequent meals, which is why they are
usually slim (Flower, 2010).
Peanuts, soybeans, rice, noodles, and tofu are a few of the main staples in the Chinese diet (Purnell, 2009).
Retrieved from: www.news.asiaone.com
22. Nutrition
To limit the incidence of calcium deficiencies, green
vegetables are heavily incorporated in their diet.
Traditional Chinese medicine often uses food and food
derivatives to help avoid and heal diseases and illnesses and
to also strengthen the weak and elderly (Purnell, 2009).
Chinese cuisine often times uses a large amount of
Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) to enhance the flavor of the
food. Consumption of MSG has been positively linked to
weight gain in otherwise healthy adults (Flower, 2010).
23. Religion and Spirituality
China’s main formal religions are Buddhism,
Catholicism, Protestantism, Taoism, and Islam.
Some Chinese people do not recognize a religion, but
will burn incense and offer prayers if they go to a shrine.
Prayer is primarily used as a source of comfort.
Chinese people often use meditation, exercise,
massage, prayer, herbs, and artistic expression as
modes to express their spirituality. They also have
cherished good luck charms (Purnell, 2009).
24. Religion and Spirituality
Sources of strength come from “life forces”. These forces come from within the individual, the
environment, and society.
The family and ancestors are considered sources of strength for an individual from before birth
and to death and beyond (Purnell, 2009).
Retrieved from: www.worldhistorycbad.wikispaces.com
25. Values Orientation
Principles based on the teachings of Confucius play an important part in
Chinese values and beliefs.
These teachings put emphasis on the significance of accountability to
family and neighbors, and also strengthens the idea that all relationships
embody power and rule (Purnell, 2009).
Retrieved from:
www.ancientcivilizationsbyme.wi
kispaces.com
26. Values Orientation
Industry
Patriotism
Respect for those in hierarchal
positions
Tolerance of others
Courtesy
Respect for tradition
Loyalty to superiors
Respect for rites and social
rituals
Knowledge
Compassionate authority
Frugality
Other important values include:
(Purnell, 2009)
Retrieved from:
www.amfete.wordpress.com
27. Normal Physical Assessment Findings in
Chinese Patients
Dark, straight hair
Dark colored eyes
Epicanthic fold – skin fold of upper eyelid
covers inner corner of eye
Narrow eye slits
Medium nose with straight bridge, nasal
base turned up in most men
Thin lips
Long facial length
Medium stature
(Zheng et al., 2013)
Retrieved from: http://www.topchinatravel.com/ china-guide/traditional-
chinese-clothing/
28. Cultural Values
The traditional cultural values that influence Chinese people are:
Harmony
Benevolence
Righteousness
Courtesy
Wisdom
Honesty
Loyalty
Finial piety (respect for one’s parents and ancestors)
Modern Chinese society tries to maintain harmony between:
humankind and nature
people and society
members of different communities
mind and body
Sensitive to social hierarchy
Public display of emotion is seen as a sign of immaturity or weakness.
(Lihua, 2013)
Retrieved from http://traditions.cultural-china.com/en/15 traditions5187.html
29. Implications for Clinical Practice
Ask the patient how they would like to be addressed (Chinese culture is more formal than American culture and the
patient may prefer to be called a specific name).
Patients may tend to not speak up for themselves because assertiveness is seen as being poorly socialized, so paying
close attention for clues is important in the treatment and care of patients from this cultural group.
Chinese culture is about family, not self. Patients may want discussions regarding treatment and diagnosis to occur when
family is present in the room so that a decision on care can be made together.
Chinese culture involves self-reliance. Chinese patients may look for ways to self manage their symptoms or disease
without the help of treatment. It is important to educate patients, as well as their families, on the need for medical
treatment. Though, if they refuse treatment, we must respect their wishes, but document the discussion and outcome.
Chinese patients may believe that improvement of symptoms means that their disease is cured. It is important to have
detailed conversations with these patients that treatment is often a process. Patients may be more understanding and
continue with care. On the other hand, no resolution of symptoms may leave the patient feeling that there is no cure for
them and that it is their fate to die because of the disease. Again, explaining the process of treatment may make them
more apt to continuing with the treatment regimen, as well as open to trying new treatments.
It is important to explain all procedures and what they are used to diagnose. Chinese culture believes that blood is the
source of life and that it can never be renewed. So, when drawing blood for testing, it is imperative to explain in depth
the reasons.
(Kwan, Chun, & Chesla, 2011) and (Zu, Ho, & Sit, 2012)
30. References
Andrews, M.M. & Boyle, J.S. (2011). Transcultural concepts in nursing care (6th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams &
Wilkins
Andrews, M. M. (2012). Cultural competence in the health history and physical exam. In M. Andrews & J. Boyle (Eds.),
Transcultural concepts in nursing care (pp. 38-71). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott, Williams, & Wilkins.
Chapter 2. Overview of Chinese culture (2014). CDC Toolkit. Retrieved from
http://www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/guidestoolkits/Ethno- graphic/Guides/China/chapters/chapter2.pdf/
China overview (2013, April). The World Bank. Retrieved from www.worldbank.org/en/country/china/overview
Ding, X. (2009). The socialist market economy: China and the world. Science and Society, 73(2), 235-241.
Flower, K. (2010). Food and drink. In G. Chelser (Eds.), China: the ultimate guide to customs & culture (pp. 106-118). New York,
NY: Random House Distribution.
Guo, R. (2013). China in the new millennium. In R. Guo, Understanding the Chinese Economies. Waltham, MA: Academic Press.
Kwan, C., Chun, K., & Chesla, C. (2011). Cultural Norms Shaping Research Group Interviews with Chinese American Immigrants.
Asian American Journal of Psychology, 2(2), 115-127. doi:10.1037/a0024184
Lihua, Z. (2013). China’s Traditional Cultural Values and National Identity. Retrieved from
http://carnegietsinghua.org/2013/11/21/china-s-traditional-cultural-values-and-national-identity/gucp
31. References continued…
McCabe, K. (2012, January). Chinese immigrants in the United States. The Online Journal of the Migration Policy Institute. Retrieved from
http://migrationpolicy.org/article/Chinese-immigrants-united-states
Mijares, A. (2009). Understanding education in China. Leadership, 38(5), 24-25.
Murata, A., Moser, J. S. & Kitayama, S. (2011). Culture shapes electrocortical responses during emotion suppression. Social Cognitive &
Affective Neuroscience. 8. (5). 595-601
NAMI. (2011). Chinese American Mental Health Facts. Retrieved from
http://www.nami.org/Template.cfm?Section=Fact_Sheets1&Template=/ContentManagement/ContentDispla
y.cfm&ContentID=129323
National Hospice and Palliative Care Organization. (2009). Chinese-American Outreach Guide. Retrieved from
http://www.caringinfo.org/files/public/outreach/chinese_american_outreach_guide.pdf
Pew Research Center. (2010). Religious affiliation of Asian Americans. Pew Research Religion and Public Life Project. Retrieved from
http://projects.pewforum.org/2012/07/18/religious-affiliation-of-asian-americans-2/asianamericans_affiliation-4-2/
Purnell, L.D. (2009). Peoples of Chinese heritage. In J. Joyce & K. Depaul (Eds.), Guide to culturally competent health care (pp. 88-101).
Philadelphia, PA: F.A. Davis Company.
32. References continued…
The world fact book. (updated 2014, June). Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-
world-factbook/fields/2012.html
University of Southern California. (2014). Homosexuality in China. US-China Today. Retrieved from
http://www.uschina.usc.edu/w_usci/showarticle.aspx?articleID=14740&AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=1
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