The document is a certificate for a thesis submitted by Vinci Viveka titled "The Effect of Chief Minister’s Cycle Scheme on the Academic Achievement and Motivation of High School Girls’ in Muzaffarpur District: A Study" for the award of a Master of Philosophy degree. It certifies that the thesis is based on the student's original research work carried out under the guidance of Dr. Ignatius Topno and has not been submitted for any other degree or qualification. It is signed by Dr. Ignatius Topno.

1. Dr. (Fr.) Ignatius Topno, S.J.
Asst. Professor
St. Xavier’s College of Education,
Digha Ghat, Patna - 800011
CERTIFICATE
This thesis entitled “The Effect of Chief Minister’s Cycle Scheme
on the Academic Achievement and Motivation of High School
Girls’ in Muzaffarpur District : A Study” submitted by Vinci Viveka for
the award of Degree of Master of Philosophy in Education of Aryabhatta Knowledge
University is a record of bonafide research work done by her and it has not been
submitted for the award of any degree, diploma, associateship, fellowship of any
University or Institution.
Patna
Date : Dr. ( Fr.) Ignatius Topno, S.J.
i

2. VINCI VIVEKA
M.Ed. Scholar
St. Xavier’s College of Education
Digha Ghat, Patna-800011 .
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the thesis entitled “The Effect of Chief Minister’s
Cycle Scheme on the Academic Achievement and Motivation of
High School Girls’ in Muzaffarpur District : A Study” submitted by me
for the degree of Master of Philosophy in Education is the result of my original and
independent research work carried out under the guidance of
Dr. (Fr.) Ignatius Topno, S.J. Assistant Professor, St. Xavier’s College of Education,
Patna and it has not been submitted for the award of any degree or diploma,
associateship, fellowship of any University/Institution.
PATNA
DATE : VINCI VIVEKA
ii

3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Within the explicable joy and gratitude to LORD, I would like to acknowledge
my sincere gratitude to the Principal, Dr. (Fr.) Tom Perumalil, S.J., St. Xavier’s
College of Education, Patna for providing me an opportunity to do M.Ed. course in this
esteemed institution.
I wish to express my deep and sincere gratitude and heartfelt thanks to my guide
Dr. (Fr.) Ignatius Topno, S.J. Asst. Professor, St. Xavier’s College of Education, Patna
for his valuable suggestions continuous inspiration, enthusing constant enthusiasm and
energetic guidance throughout the period of my strenuous study.
I am very grateful to my parents for their support , guidance and inspiration when
I needed it most.
I am very grateful to express my sincere thanks to Sushil Kumar Singh, Asst.
Professor, St. Xavier’s College of Education, Patna and Kate Mitchell, for their help
and encouragement and concern to carry out the research work successfully.
I am very grateful to Shikha and Vandana Kumari for being the source of
inspiration and helping me when need arose. I am also thankful to my companions Ekta
Rai, Amrita Singh, Minakshi Kumari and Rajeev Kumar for their support and
encouragement.
I express my sincere thanks to the faculty and the non-teaching staff of
St. Xavier’s College of Education, Digha Ghat, Patna for their kind help and
encouragement to complete this work.
VINCI VIVEKA
iii

4. TABLE OF CONTENT
S.No. TITLE PAGE No.
CERTIFICATE i
DECLARATION ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii
TABLE OF CONTENT iv
LIST OF TABLE ix
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
INTRODUCTION AND CONCEPTUAL
FRAMEWORK
1.1 INTRODUCTION OF EDUCATION 1
1.2 ETYMOLOGICAL MEANING OF EDUCATION 2
1.3 DEFINATION OF EDUCATION 3
1.4 AIMS OF EDUCATION 4
1.5 STATUS OF EDUCATION IN BIHAR 6
1.6 PROBLEMS RELATED TO WOMEN EDUCATION 9
1.7 EDUCATION AS AN INSTRUMENT OF SOCIAL 11
CHANGE
1.8 SARV SHIKSHA ABHIYAAN 13
1.9 BASIC FEATURES OF SSA 14
iv

5. 1.10 AIMS OF SSA 15
1.11 OBJECTIVES OF SSA 15
1.12 NEED FOR A FRAMEWORK FOR IMPLEMENTATION 16
1.13 BROAD STRATEGIES CENTAL TO SSA PROGRAM 16
1.14 SUPERVISION OF ACTIVITIES UNDER SSA 24
1.15 BUDGETORY ALLOCATION AND EXPENDITURE 25
1.16 MUKHYAMANTRI BALIKA CYCLE YOJNA 25
1.17 ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT 27
1.18 HIGH ACHIEVEMENT 29
1.19 MOTIVATION 30
1.20 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF MOTIVATION 31
1.21 COMPONENTS OF MOTIVATION 32
1.22 EXTRINSIC VS INTRINSIC MOTIVATION 32
1.23 ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION 33
1.24 HEIRARCHICAL MODEL OF ACHIEVEMENT 33
MOTIVATION
1.25 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY 35
1.26 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY 35
1.27 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM 36
1.28 OPERATIONAL DEFINITION 36
1.29 GENERAL OBJECTIVES 36
v

6. 1.30 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES 37
1.31 NULL HYPOTHESIS 39
1.32 TOOLS PROPOSED TO STUDY 41
1.33 METHODS PROPOSED TO STUDY 41
1.34 POPULATION OF THE STUDY 41
1.35 SAMPLE 41
1.36 STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES TO USE 41
1.37 DELIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY 42
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 INTRODUCTION 43
2.2 INDIAN REVIEW 44
2.3 FOREIGN REVIEW 57
2.4 CRITICAL REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 64
METHODOLOGY
3.1 INTRODUCTION 69
3.2 METHOD USED FOR THE STUDY 70
33 LOCATION OF THE PRESENT STUDY 70
3.4 POPULATION OF THE STUDY 71
3.5 SAMPLE OF THE STUDY 71
3.6 DESCRIPTION OF THE SAMPLE 72
3.7 TOOLS USED FOR THE STUDY 77
vi

7. 3.8 THE QUESTIONNAIRE 78
3.9 MULTI-SUBJECT ACHIEVEMENT TEST 78
3.10 QUESTIONNAIRE FOR MOTIVATION OF GIRLS 79
TOWARDS MBCY
3.11 ADMINISTRATION OF THE TEST 80
3.12 STATISTICAL TECHNIQUES ADOPTED
DATA ANALYSIS
4.1 INTRODUCTION 83
4.2 ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT 84
4.3 MOTIVATION 89
4.4 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACADEMIC 94
ACHIEVEMNT AND MOTIVATION
4.5 INFLUENCE OF MOTIVATION ON ACADEMIC 104
ACHIEVEMENT
FINDINGS, INTERPRETATIONS AND
SUGGESTIONS
5.1 INTRODUCTION 105
5.2 FINDINGS 105
5.3 INTERPRETATIONS 107
5.4 RECOMMENDATIONS 108
5.5 SUGGESTIONS 109
vii

8. BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
viii

9. LIST OF TABLES
TABLE No. TITLE PAGE No.
1.1 SCHOOLS IN BIHAR 8
1.2 FACILITY AND ENROLMENT INDICATORS 8
1.3 NORMS FOR INTERVENTION UNDER SSA 19
3.1 SCHOOL WISE DISTRIBUTION OF THE 72
SAMPLE
3.2 HABITATION WISE DISTRIBUTION OF THE 73
SAMPLE
3.3 FATHER’S QUALIFICATION WISE 74
DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAMPLE
3.4 MOTHER’S QUALIFICATION -WISE 75
DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAMPLE
3.5 FAMILY INCOME WISE DISTRIBUTION OF 76
THE SAMPLE
3.6 DIMENSIONS OF MOTIVATION 79
QUESTIONNAIRE
3.7 SCORING PROCEDURE OF MOTIVATION 80
QUESTIONNAIRE
4.1 HABITATION WISE DISTRIBUTION OF THE 84
SAMPLE
4.2 FATHER’S QUALIFICATION WISE 85
ix

10. DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAMPLE
4.3 MOTHER’S QUALIFICATION -WISE 86
DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAMPLE
4.4 SCHOOL WISE DISTRIBUTION OF THE 87
SAMPLE
4.5 FAMILY INCOME WISE DISTRIBUTION OF 88
THE SAMPLE
4.6 HABITATION WISE DISTRIBUTION OF THE 89
SAMPLE
4.7 FATHER’S QUALIFICATION WISE 90
DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAMPLE
4.8 MOTHER’S QUALIFICATION -WISE 91
DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAMPLE
4.9 SCHOOL WISE DISTRIBUTION OF THE 92
SAMPLE
4.10 FAMILY INCOME WISE DISTRIBUTION OF 93
THE SAMPLE
4.11 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACADEMIC 94
ACHIEVEMENT AND MOTIVATION OF
URBAN GIRLS
4.12 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACADEMIC 95
ACHIEVEMENT AND MOTIVATION OF RURAL
GIRLS
x

11. 4.13 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACADEMIC 96
ACHIEVEMENT AND MOTIVATION OF PRE-
MATRIC EDUCATION OF GIRLS MOTHER
4.14 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACADEMIC 97
ACHIEVEMENT AND MOTIVATION OF POST-
MATRIC EDUCATION OF GIRLS MOTHER
4.15 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACADEMIC 98
ACHIEVEMENT AND MOTIVATION OF PRE-
MATRIC EDUCATION OF GIRLS FTAHER
4.16 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACADEMIC 99
ACHIEVEMENT AND MOTIVATION OF POST-
MATRIC EDUCATION OF GIRLS FATHER
4.17 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACADEMIC 100
ACHIEVEMENT AND MOTIVATION OF GIRLS’
FAMILY IN THEIR FAMILY INCOME BEING
BELOW Rs.40000
4.18 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACADEMIC 101
ACHIEVEMENT AND MOTIVATION OF GIRLS’
FAMILY IN THEIR FAMILY INCOME BEING
ABOVE Rs.40000
4.19 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACADEMIC 102
ACHIEVEMENT AND MOTIVATION OF GIRLS
OF GOVERNMENT SCHOOL
4.20 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACADEMIC 103
xi

12. ACHIEVEMENT AND MOTIVATION OF GIRLS
OF MINORITY AIDED SCHOOL
4.21 INFLUENCE OF ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT 104
ON MOTIVATION OF GIRLS
xii

13. LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE No. TITLE PAGE No.
1.1 LOW ATTENDANCE OF GIRLS IN THE 10
SCHOOLS OF BIHAR
1.2 MODEL OF ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION 34
3.1 MAP OF MUZAFFARPUR 71
3.2 SCHOOL WISE DISTRIBUTION OF THE 72
SAMPLE
3.3 HABITATION WISE DISTRIBUTION OF THE 73
SAMPLE
3.4 FATHER’S QUALIFICATION WISE 74
DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAMPLE
3.5 MOTHER’S QUALIFICATION -WISE 75
DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAMPLE
3.6 FAMILY INCOME WISE DISTRIBUTION OF 76
THE SAMPLE
4.1 HABITATION WISE DISTRIBUTION OF THE 84
SAMPLE
4.2 FATHER’S QUALIFICATION WISE 85
DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAMPLE
4.3 MOTHER’S QUALIFICATION -WISE 86
DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAMPLE
4.4 SCHOOL WISE DISTRIBUTION OF THE 87
xiii

14. SAMPLE
4.5 FAMILY INCOME WISE DISTRIBUTION OF 88
THE SAMPLE
4.6 HABITATION WISE DISTRIBUTION OF THE 89
SAMPLE
4.7 FATHER’S QUALIFICATION WISE 90
DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAMPLE
4.8 MOTHER’S QUALIFICATION -WISE 91
DISTRIBUTION OF THE SAMPLE
4.9 SCHOOL WISE DISTRIBUTION OF THE 92
SAMPLE
4.10 FAMILY INCOME WISE DISTRIBUTION OF 93
THE SAMPLE
xiv