This document summarizes a research study on the impact of electronic teaching technologies in secondary schools in Peshawar, Pakistan. The study used questionnaires to gather data from school heads, secondary school teachers (SSTs), and students in grades 9 and 10 on the availability, usefulness, and status of electronic teaching technologies. The responses indicated support for introducing more electronic technologies in schools. However, training for teachers on using technologies and establishing computer labs was still needed. The study found that most science and language teachers did not integrate computers into their teaching. Overall, the study revealed a gap between the current technologies available in secondary schools and modern teaching methods.

1. IMPACT OF ELECTRONIC
TEACHING TECHNOLOGIES
Submitted By
TAHIRA ROOHI
AUP- IOSR-M PHILL-EDU-1867
Supervisor
DR. ZAKIA ALI
Dean Faculty of Social Sciences
Abasyn University Peshawar
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
ABASYN UNIVERSITY PESHAWAR
Fall Semester 2010 – Fall Semester 2012

2. IMPACT OF ELECTRONIC TEACHING
TECHNOLOGIES IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS
AT DISTRICT PESHAWAR
KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA
Submitted By
TAHIRA ROOHI
AUP- IOSR-M PHILL-EDU-1867
Supervisor
DR. ZAKIA ALI
Dean Faculty of Social Sciences
Abasyn University Peshawar
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
ABASYN UNIVERSITY PESHAWAR
Fall Semester 2010 – Fall Semester 2012

3. APPROVAL SHEET
The thesis entitled “Impact of Electronic Teaching Technologies” submitted by Tahira Roohi
in the partial fulfillment of M.Phil degree in education has been completed under my
guidance and I am satisfied with the quality of researcher’s research work.
Supervisor: __________________________
Dr. Zakia Ali
Dean Faculty of Social Sciences
Abasyn University Peshawar.
External Examiner __________________________
Date: __________________________

4. ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to investigate the availability, usefulness, impact, present status
of new trends of electronic teaching technologies on classroom learning in the male and
female secondary schools of urban areas of District Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The
study used a survey research method and data were gathered through questionnaires.
Therefore three questionnaires were developed, one for Heads of schools, other for SSTs and
third for secondary school students of grade 9th and 10th.each questionnaire having two parts,
part one consisted of personal information i.e. name, age and status and part two consisted of
26 items comprised upon availability, usefulness, present status, and new trends of electronic
teaching technology. The questionnaires administered to 20 Heads of schools, 200 SSTs and
1000 secondary school Students of grade 9th and 10th.most of the questions were in closed
form. Data were collected and put into different tables. The responses were hundred percent
because the researcher herself administered and collected the questionnaires. The Likert scale
was used for closed ended questions. The frequencies of the actual responses were added up
and percentages were calculated. Pie diagram was used for explaining 100% and 20%
responses for certain items. The study found that all the respondents favuored in introducing
the electronic teaching technology at secondary level. Moreover, they also indicated the need
of IT/properly trained teachers for inculcating the use of computer Labs in schools. It is also
observed that most of science and language teachers did not use the computers for teaching-
learning process. The study further revealed that there is a wide gap between present status of
secondary schools and modern world.
i

5. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
All kind of appreciation is for Allah almighty who created the whole universe and bestowed
the mankind with knowledge. The researcher is thankful to Allah who gave the courage to
complete this research work.
First of all, I am very thankful to my supervisor Prof Dr Zakia Ali, Dean Social Sciences
Abasyn University Peshawar.
I am grateful to Prof Dr Hanifullah, Head of Department Abasyn University Ring Road
Peshawar Pakistan.
I am thankful to my respectable Prof Dr Mah Nazir Riaz Dean Shaheed Benazir Bhuto
University Peshawar Pakistan for her everlasting guidance during this research work.
I am also very grateful to Prof Dr Ayesha Shfiq Dean City University Peshawar Pakistan for
her constant guidance and encouragement in the completion of this research.
I am also indebted to Mr Jalal Librarian IER University of Peshawar, Mrs Parveen Ibrar Vice
Principal Police Public School Peshawar, Mr Arshad Javed Principal Jogiwadha High School
Peshawar and Mr Hidiat Khan Asstt. Programer District Education Management information
System KhyberPakhtunKhwa for their contribution to completion of the desertion.
Tahira Roohi
ii

6. TABLE OF CONTENT
S. No. Title Page No.
Abstract i
Acknowledgement ii
Table of Contents iii
List of Tables vi
Chapter – 1 INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background of the Study 1
1.2 Nature of Education Technology 2
1.3 Electronic Teaching Technologies Related to Education System 3
1.4 The Impact of Educational Teaching Technologies in Classroom 5
Learning
1.5 The Role of Electronic Teaching Technology on the Enhancement of 6
Student Achievement
1.6 Statement of the Problem 9
1.7 Objectives of the Study 10
1.8 Significance of the Study 10
1.9 Delimitation of the Study 11
1.10 Methodology 11
1.10.1 Population 11
1.10.2 Population No. I 11
1.10.3 Population No. II 11
1.10.4 Population No. III 11
1.11 Sampling of the Study 11
1.11.1 Sample – I 12
1.11.2 Sample – II 12
1.11.3 Sample – III 12
1.12 Instruments / Development of Tool 12
1.12.1 Administration of Tool 12
1.13 Analysis of the Data 12
Chapter – 2 RELATED LITERATURE REVIEW 13
2.1 Concept of Educational Technology 13
2.2 Educational Technology as a System of Ms 15
2.3 Nature of Education Technology 15
2.4 Educational Technology 16
2.4.1 Assumption of Teaching technology 18
2.4.2 Contents of Teaching Technologies 19
2.4.3 Main Features of Teaching Technology 21
2.5 Need and Importance of Electronic Teaching Technology 21
iii

7. S. No. Title Page No.
2.6 Principles of Using Electronic Teaching Techniques 24
2.7 Dales Cone of Experience 24
2.7.1 A Practical Cone Classifying Different Aids 25
2.7.2 Types of Technology 26
2.7.3 Types of Teaching Aids 26
2.7.4 Overhead Projector 27
2.7.5 E-learning 27
2.7.6 Computer 29
2.7.8 Computer – Assisted Interaction 29
2.7.9 Video Conference 30
2.7.10 Internet 31
2.7.11 Web-based Education Program 32
2.7.12 Telecommunication 33
2.7.13 Microsoft Surface 34
2.7.14 Multimedia Presentations 35
3.7.15 Mobile Phones 35
2.7.16 Electronic Whiteboard 36
2.7.17 Tablet Computer 37
2.8 Research Studies in Foreign Countries 38
2.9 Research Papers on Teaching Technology in Foreign Journals 40
2.10 Conclusion 42
Chapter – 3 METHOD AND PROCEDURE OF THE STUDY 43
3.1 The Nature of the Study 43
3.2 Populatoin 43
3.3 Sample of the Study 44
3.4 Data Collection 44
3.5 Instruments Used in the Study 45
3.5.1 Survey 45
3.5.2 Questionnaire 45
3.6 Pilot Study of Validation / Improvement of the Questionnaire 45
3.7 Administration of the Questionnaire 45
3.7.1 Questionnaire for Principal / Head Master / Headmistress No. 1 46
3.7.2 Questionnaire for Teachers No. 2 46
3.7.3 Questionnaire for Students No. 3 46
3.8 Procedure 47
iv

8. S. No. Title Page No.
Chapter – 4 ANALYSIS OF DATA 48
4.1 Survey of the Schools 48
4.2 Description of the Questionnaire 48
4.3 Results and Tabulation 49
Chapter – 5 FINDING AND CONCLUSION 74
5.1 General Research Finding of Principal 74
5.2 General Research Finding of SSTs 76
5.3 General Research Finding of Secondary School Students 78
5.4 Conclusion 81
Chapter – 6 RECOMMENDATIONS 84
6.1 Recommendations for Future Research Studies 86
References 87
Appendix – I: Panel Export for Validation of Questionnaire 91
Appendix – II: List of Schools 92
Appendix – III: Questionnaire for the Heads Teachers / Principals 93
Appendix – IV: Questionnaire for Principal / Headmaster / 94
Headmistress
Appendix – V: Questionnaire for the Secondary School Teachers 95
Appendix – VI: Questionnaire for the Secondary School Students 103
v

9. LIST OF TABLES
Table No. Title Page No.
1 Frequencies of the preferred responses of Heads regarding
electronic teaching technology
2 To evaluate the degree of agreement of the respondents were
categorized in to three groups: High, Average and low.
3 One Sample-Test in categorized value of Average, High and Low
responses of the Heads
4 Frequencies of the preferred responses of Secondary School
Teachers regarding electronic teaching technology
5 To evaluate the degree of agreement the respondents were
categorized in to three groups: High, Average and low.
6 One Sample-Test in categorized value of Average, High and Low
responses of the SSTs
7 Frequencies of the preferred responses of Secondary School
Students regarding electronic teaching technology
8 To evaluate the degree of agreement the respondents were
categorized in to three groups: High, Average and low.
9 One Sample-Test in categorized value of Average, High and Low
responses of the Secondary School Students
10 Frequencies shows 100% preferred responses of Heads, SSTs
and Secondary School Teachers regarding electronic teaching
technology
11 Frequencies shows 20% equal preferred responses of Heads and
Secondary School Students in each scale regarding electronic
teaching technology
12 Frequencies shows 100% preferred responses of Heads, SSTs
and Secondary School Students regarding electronic teaching
technology
13 Opinion about A/V aids provided in Secondary Schools
14 Suggestion of the Heads, SSTs and Secondary School Students
15 Achievement results of sample schools for Girls grade 10th 2012
16 Achievement results of sample schools for Girls grade 10th 2012
vi