The document provides information about chemistry homework help and solutions for entire courses, exams, and homework available at finishedexams.com. It then provides questions and explanations about plotting a calibration curve using emf and ppm data, determining the empirical and molecular formulas of allicin, acid-base reactions, solubility product constants, and other chemistry problems. The pages can be accessed by clicking links to view the full questions and explanations.
This features the types of chemical reactions: Combustion, Neutralization, Precipitation and RedOx Reactions.
There are sample in each of the type of reaction that can help the learners understand more about each type.
Basics of Chemistry: Chemical stoichiometryRAJEEVBAYAN1
This material presents quantitative method of numerical measurements involved in a chemical reaction.
this involves quantities such as the measures of mass in grams and the amount of substance in moles.
I am hoping that this material will help to make the concept easier.
This features the types of chemical reactions: Combustion, Neutralization, Precipitation and RedOx Reactions.
There are sample in each of the type of reaction that can help the learners understand more about each type.
Basics of Chemistry: Chemical stoichiometryRAJEEVBAYAN1
This material presents quantitative method of numerical measurements involved in a chemical reaction.
this involves quantities such as the measures of mass in grams and the amount of substance in moles.
I am hoping that this material will help to make the concept easier.
Chemical reaction is the process by which a chemical change occurs.Equation reflects the true quantitative relationships Balancing a chemical equation.
Chemical reaction is the process by which a chemical change occurs.Equation reflects the true quantitative relationships Balancing a chemical equation.
Organic I Review Workbook – The Toolbox ALL STAR MOLECU.docxjacksnathalie
Organic I Review Workbook – The Toolbox
ALL “STAR MOLECULES” () SHOULD BE ORGANIZED AND EMPHASIZED AS THEY CAN
BE CALLED UPON AT ANY MOMENT THROUGHOUT THE COURSE. THEY SHOULD BE
KNOWN BY THEIR STAR/COMMON NAME, IUPAC NOMENCLATURE, LINE ANGLE
STRUCTURE, ACRONYM, SHORTHAND NOTATION, FAVORITE FLAVOR OF ICE CREAM,
FAVORITE ONE REPUBLIC SONG, ETC.
1. Review Basic Geometries/Hybridization/Bonding
Questions:
a) Does the electronegativity of a carbon atom increase or decrease with increasing p-
character? Use acetylene and ethylene as examples to help explain your
reasoning. Still stuck? Table 4.1 may provide even more assistance.
b) What is more nucleophilic, a carbon-carbon bond or bond?
c) What is lower in energy, the * orbital or * orbital of a C=C bond?
d) Are the orbitals described in part c) representative of electrophiles or nucleophiles?
e) A lone pair must be in what kind of orbital(s) in order to participate in
resonance/conjugation? s, p, sp, sp2 or sp3. Choose all that apply.
2. Functional Group Recognition / Functional Group Transformation (A+B = C)
Alkene Aldehyde Glycol
Alkyl halide Carboxylic Acid Ketone
Alcohol (alkyl vs aryl) Ether Nitrile
Amine (1°, 2°, 3°) Ester Sulfide
Alkyne Epoxide Thiol
Amide (1°, 2°, 3°) Enol
Questions:
a) Which functional groups above contain the carbonyl/acyl group?
b) Is the carbonyl/acyl carbon of a ketone electrophilic or nucleophilic?
c) All things being equal, which functional group is the most Bronsted acidic (not
including the carboxylic acid)?
d) The transformation of a functional group can be described as a single functional group
starting material (A) being added to a selective environment (B) to generate a new
functional group (C). Basically, A+B = C. With this in mind, which functional
group(s) was (were) NOT synthesized in the first semester (as described in the text)?
e) Which functional group has the most electron rich sp2 oxygen? Provide a structure
to support your answer. Resonance comes in handy here….
f) Is a Bronsted acid a nucleophile or electrophile? A Bronsted base?
g) How many atoms are sp2 hybridized in acetic acid?
h) How many atoms are sp2 hybridized in phenol?
i) How many atoms are sp2 hybridized in heroin?
3. Structural Relationships and Language - Review all terms and definitions for the following:
Constitutional isomers vs Conformation isomers vs Configurational Isomers
Stereoisomers (Diastereomers, Enantiomers)
Optical Activity, Racemic, Meso
Determination of Absolute Configuration
Questions:
a) What term can be used to describe the isomeric relationship above?
b) Each molecule above can be described as a vicinal diol. What is a more common and
more utilized term for describing a vicinal diol (Hint: It is often used in common
nomenclature and can be found on the Functional Group List on page .
California State University FresnoCE 142L Environmental Qual.docxRAHUL126667
California State University Fresno
CE 142L Environmental Quality Laboratory
Laboratory Manual
www.biology.arizona.edu/biochemistry/tutorials/chemistry/graphics/nacl2.gif
www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry/chemical-reactions-stoichiome/balancing-chemical-equations/a/complete-ionic-and-net-ionic-
equations
http://www.biology.arizona.edu/biochemistry/tutorials/chemistry/graphics/nacl2.gif
http://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry/chemical-reactions-stoichiome/balancing-chemical-equations/a/complete-ionic-and-net-ionic-equations
http://www.khanacademy.org/science/chemistry/chemical-reactions-stoichiome/balancing-chemical-equations/a/complete-ionic-and-net-ionic-equations
California State University, Fresno
Department of Civil & Geomatics Engineering
CE 142L: Environmental Quality Laboratory Manual
2
PRELUDE: WHAT IS ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
INTRODUCTION:
What is environmental chemistry? This question is a little difficult to answer because environmental
chemistry encompasses many different topics. Some define it as follows:
“Environmental chemistry is the study of the sources, reactions, transport, effects, and fates of
chemical species in water, soil, and air environments." (Stanley E. Manahan. 1991.
Environmental Chemistry, 5th ed.).
"(The) central position of aquatic chemistry in the natural sciences gives it an increasing
popularity in science and engineering curricula; it also makes it a difficult topic to teach for it
requires exploring some aspects of almost all sciences." (Francois M. M. Morel. 1983. Preface to
Principles of Aquatic Chemistry).
Basically, Environmental Chemistry is the use of chemistry to understand the interactions of
environmental systems. Water chemistry is an important aspect of Environmental Chemistry.
A fundamental tool in analyzing water chemistry is total dissolved solids (TDS). The TDS in water
consists of dissolved inorganic salts and organic materials. In natural waters, salts are chemical
compounds comprised of anions (-) such as carbonates, chlorides, sulfates, and nitrates (primarily in
ground water), and cations (+) such as potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and sodium (Na)
(EPA, 1986). In ambient conditions, these compounds are present in proportions that create a charge-
balanced solution. If there are additional inputs of dissolved solids to the system, the balance is altered
and the solution will adjust to achieve charge balance.
This lab manual includes exercises in water chemistry calculations in order to better understand chemical
reactions within the aquatic environment. A fundamental understanding of water chemistry is necessary
for the remaining laboratory experiments and, later on, for professional practice in civil engineering.
PREPARATION BEFORE ARRIVING AT LAB:
1. The knowledge provided in high school chemistry courses and in CHEM 1A and 3A, while
important, is not adequate for this course or for CE 142 lecture. In view of this, all students in both
cours ...
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptx
Chemistry homework help
1. Chemistry homework help
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Chemistry homework help
2. Chemistry
I need to plot the observed emf in mV vs logarithm of ppm F to obtain a calibration curve. From a
prepared stock solution of 100 mL and the KCl molarity is 0.1M for it. From dilution of this solution, a 20
ppm, 10ppm, 5ppm, 2.5ppm, and 1.25 ppm were made. Im not sure how to go about setting this up.
The weight of NaF used was 221 mg and the emf data for the dilutions are: 20ppm=276 mV ,
10ppm=279 mV , 5ppm=284 mV , 2.5ppm= 289 mV , 1.25ppm=297 mV.
to view the entire page, click here
Allicin
Allicin is the compound responsible for the characteristic smell of garlic. An analysis of the compound
gives the following percent composition by mass: C: 44.4 percent; H: 6.21 percent; S: 39.5 percent; O:
9.86 percent. Calculate its empirical formula. What is its molecular formula given that its molar mass is
about 486g?
to view the entire page, click here
Chemical Questions
12. Regarding the acid-base neutralization reaction Mg(OH)2 (aq) + 2 HNO3 (aq) ? 2 H2O (l) +
Mg(NO3)2 (aq), which of the following statements is true? (Points : 5) Mg(OH)2 is the acid and HNO3
is the salt Mg(OH)2 is the base and H2O is the salt HNO3 is the base and Mg(NO3)2 is the salt HNO3
is the acid and Mg(NO3)2 is the salt ...
to view the entire page, click here
Chemistry
When 500.0 mL of 0.10 M NaOH solution (containing Na+ and OH- ions) is mixed with 500.0 mL of
0.10 M Mg(NO3)2 solution (containing Mg2+ and NO3- ions) a precipitate of solid Mg(OH)2 forms, and
the resulting aqueous solution has pH = 9.43. Based on this information, determine the value of Ksp for
Mg(OH)2. Show your reasoning clearly. Problem 2 0.30 moles of HOCl are added to sufficient water to
make 1.0 L of solution at 25 C. Finish the table The Ka of HOCl, at 25 C, is 2.9 x 10-8, determine x. ...
to view the entire page, click here
Chemistry 121 Lab
Lab 10?Concept Map of Chemistry 121 Major Topics Lab 10 Expectations Concept Mapping
Resources Directions: Everyone should visit the first link to gain a general understanding of what
concept mapping is, how to create a concept map, and the reasons for creating and using concept
maps. Then, everyone will need to download concept mapping software to use for this assignment.
Two options are provided below (you only need to download one form on concept mapping software,
not both!). Link 2 will direct you to free software. Link 3 will direct you to a free 30 day trial of a different
software package. Please investigate both Link 2 and Link 3 before making your decision about which
software to download! Questions? Just ask! 1. The following website provides a clear explanation of
3. how to develop a concept map. In addition, this website shows you several examples of concept maps.
Finally, the website contains links to other websites that you may want to investigate:
to view the entire page, click here
Chemistry in Medicine or Chemistry in the Environment
Decide whether you would like to study Chemistry in Medicine or Chemistry in the Environment. Then,
carefully read each of the links under that topic, below. Chemistry in Medicine?? Chemistry in the
Environment?? Reading: You may focus your reading on EITHER the chemistry in medicine links OR
the chemistry in the environment links. Whichever category you choose, please read the websites
under that category carefully! Please select which of these two topics you would like to study, read the
links related to that topic. 1.Decide whether you wish to study chemistry in medicine or chemistry in the
environment . 2.Post a one-paragraph summary of the link/article of your choosing from the options
listed below within whichever category you decide (related to your selected topic).
to view the entire page, click here
DNA Analysis via Gel Electrophoresis
Lab 9 DNA Analysis via Gel Electrophoresis Introduction: Gel electrophoresis is an important analytical
technique in the fields of chemistry and biochemistry. In this virtual experiment, we will explore the
process of using gel electrophoresis to analyze DNA samples. Your report for this lab should be
submitted to the Lab 9 dropbox by the last day of the unit. Have fun! Experiment: Go to
http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/units/biotech/gel/ and slowly begin to work through the gel
electrophoresis virtual lab, taking careful notes. Estimated time required: 1 hour. In your lab report,
answer the following prompts in complete, well developed sentences. Be sure to paraphrase the
prompts themselves into your responses, so that your answers make sense.
to view the entire page, click here
Chemical Questions
1) From the perspective of a chemist, explain what a crystal is. Choose two examples of crystals, and
explain how they are chemically similar to and different from one another. 2) Explain the relationship
between vapor pressure and the common phases solid, liquid, and gas.
to view the entire page, click here
Chemical Exercises
Prepare written answers to the following exercises: 1. Adapted from Exercise 36 in Ch. 11 of
Introductory Chemistry: A marine biologist may need to dive deep underwater for her research. To do
so, she may want to know how to do calculations related to pressure and volume changes that occur,
depending on the depth of the dive. Suppose she inhales air at a depth of 60 meters and at a pressure
of 6 atm. Holding her breath, the marine biologist then ascends to a depth of 10 meters (where the
pressure is now 2 atm). What volume would the air in her lungs expand to? 2. Environmental health
and safety departments employ many environmental scientists to monitor and regulate business
practices. Imagine that you work for the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to ensure that gas
4. canisters are correctly pressurized. ...
to view the entire page, click here
Radiocarbon Dating
Lab 8: Radiocarbon Dating? Background: ?In this virtual laboratory activity, we will investigate
radiocarbon dating (also called carbon-14 dating), a very important and useful chemistry application.
Your laboratory report should be saved as a .doc file, and should be submitted to the Lab 8 dropbox by
the last day of the unit. Questions? Just ask!??Laboratory Procedure:1. Go to this website.
(http://www.sciencecourseware.com/VirtualDating/files/RC0/RC_0.html) You will notice that the website
contains 12 pages (12 screens). In order to advance from one page to the next, you first need to
correctly answer each of the questions on the current page.
to view the entire page, click here
Radiocarbon Dating
Lab 8: Radiocarbon Dating? Background: ?In this virtual laboratory activity, we will investigate
radiocarbon dating (also called carbon-14 dating), a very important and useful chemistry application.
Your laboratory report should be saved as a .doc file, and should be submitted to the Lab 8 dropbox by
the last day of the unit. Questions? Just ask!??Laboratory Procedure:1.
to view the entire page, click here
Hess Law Report
Hess Law Review the safety materials and wear goggles when working with chemicals. Read the
entire exercise before you begin. Take time to organize the materials you will need and set aside a safe
work space in which to complete the exercise. Experiment Summary: Students will have the
opportunity to measure temperature changes taking place in a calorimeter during neutralization
reactions and use the measurements to calculate enthalpy of reaction.They will illustrate the validity of
Hazy Law by comparing the values of enthalpy of two chemical reactions...
to view the entire page, click here
Fats, soaps and detergents- A saponification reaction
These questions are from an experiment: Fats, soaps and detergents- A saponification reaction 1. The
triglyceride and the glycerol differ with respect to polarity and H-bonding. Discuss these two differences
in terms of their chemical structures.We made our own soap and added cottonseed oil, CaCl2, FeCl3,
and HCl ( to change solution to ph 4) to see their effects. When I added the CaCl2 a precipitate formed
2. Write an equation for the formation of any precipitate.When i added the HCl, the solution became
cloudy 3. Write an equation for any changes observed.
to view the entire page, click here
Chemistry Questions
5. A) What are the advantages and disadvantages of writing a chemical equation with chemical symbols
and formulas instead of just words? B) On your own words summarize to another person the steps
needed to successfully write a balanced chemical equation. C) Describe the basic part of a chemical
equation. Identify how the physical state of elements and compounds is identified in an equation.
to view the entire page, click here
6. A) What are the advantages and disadvantages of writing a chemical equation with chemical symbols
and formulas instead of just words? B) On your own words summarize to another person the steps
needed to successfully write a balanced chemical equation. C) Describe the basic part of a chemical
equation. Identify how the physical state of elements and compounds is identified in an equation.
to view the entire page, click here
