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Chemical reactions-poster-converted
- 1. Chemical Reactions Any chemical change in matter which involves transformation into one or more substances with entirely different properties is called a chemical reaction. A chemical reaction is represented by a chemical equation. Substance(s) taking part – Reactant(s) New substance(s) obtained – Product(s) ❑ Combination Reaction (or Synthesis) ❑ Decomposition Reaction ❑ Displacement Reaction ❑ Double Displacement Reaction E.g.:- Fe(s) + S(s) → FeS(s) NH3(g) + HCl(g) → NH4Cl(g) A + B + .. → C + D + .. Types of Chemical Reactions Two substances combine to form a single substance Combination Reaction (or Synthesis) A + B → AB E.g.:- 2Hgo(s) → 2Hg + O2 2AgCl → 2Ag + Cl2 Decomposition reaction One substance breaks down into two or more simple ones E.g.:- Zn + CuSO4(aq) → ZnSO4(aq) + Cu 2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2 AB + C → CB + A C displaces A from its molecule. Displacement Reaction Double Displacement Reaction AB + CD → CB + AD E.g.:- AgNO3(aq) + HCl → AgCl + HNO3 CuO + HNO3→ Cu(NO3)2 + H2O Two compounds in their aqueous state displace ions or radicals.
- 2. A chemical reaction in which a base or alkali reacts with an acid to produce salt and water. ▪ Exothermic Reaction ▪ Endothermic Reaction A Chemical reaction in which heat is released. A Chemical reaction in which heat is absorbed. Oxides Metallic Oxides Non- Metallic Oxides Amphoteric Oxides: Oxides which are of dual nature and react with both bases and acids to produce salt and water. Eg. Zinc, Lead, Aluminium Oxide. Non-Metallic Oxides Neutralization Reaction Acid + Base/Alkali → Salt + Water Metal Reactivity Series Types of reactions based on energy exchange Basic Oxides : Most of the metallic-oxides are basic in nature and react with acids to produce salt and water. Eg. Sodium, Calcium, Magnesium Oxide. ➢ Formed on heating metals ➢ Some are formed on heating metallic, cabonates, nitrates, etc. Metallic Oxides Acidic Oxides : Most of the non-metallic oxides are acidic in nature and react with bases to produce salt and water. Eg. Carbon, Sulphur dioxide, Phosphorus Pentoxide. ➢ Formed on heating non-metals Neutral Oxides : Oxides which are neutral in nature and do not change the colour of indicators. Eg. Water, nitric, nitrous oxide.