Chapter-02 Collection of Data.pptx
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This document provides an overview of data collection for a business statistics course. It defines data and discusses the importance of a data collection plan. It distinguishes between primary and secondary data sources, as well as internal and external sources. Primary data is collected directly from first-hand experiences through methods like surveys, experiments, and observations. Secondary data has already been collected by others through sources like published journals and government records. The document compares the merits and demerits of primary and secondary data sources.
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Data can be quantitative or qualitative values that are collected from various sources. There are two main types of data sources: internal sources which are from within an organization, and external sources which are outside. External data can be primary data collected directly from original research, or secondary data that has already been collected for other purposes. Primary data collection methods include surveys, interviews, and observations, while secondary data comes from published sources like reports and unpublished sources. The main difference between primary and secondary data is that primary data involves direct collection while secondary data has already been collected previously.
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This document discusses the sources and interpretation of data. It defines data as quantitative or qualitative values that can be used for analysis. There are internal and external sources of data. Internal data comes from within an organization, while external data comes from outside sources and can be primary or secondary. Primary data is collected first-hand through methods like surveys, while secondary data has already been collected for other purposes from sources like publications and records. The key difference between primary and secondary data is that primary data involves direct collection and avoids bias, while secondary data is existing data whose source and potential biases may be unknown.
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Data can come from internal or external sources and be collected as either primary or secondary data. Primary data is collected directly from first-hand experiences through methods like interviews, questionnaires, or observation and allows for targeted research but is more costly and time-consuming. Secondary data has already been collected for other purposes and can be quicker to obtain but does not directly address specific research questions and risks being outdated or inaccurate. Both types of data have merits and limitations depending on the research needs.
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This document provides information about data collection and analysis. It discusses the purpose and types of data collection, including primary and secondary sources. It also outlines various methods of data collection like surveys, interviews, questionnaires and observation. The document then discusses data processing steps like editing, coding, classification and tabulation. It describes various techniques for data analysis including parametric and non-parametric tests. It also discusses measures of central tendency, dispersion and different types of graphical representations. Finally, it touches upon report writing and the key elements of a good report.
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Data can be quantitative or qualitative values that are collected from various sources. There are two main types of data sources: internal sources which are from within an organization, and external sources which are outside. External data can be primary data collected directly from original research, or secondary data that has already been collected for other purposes. Primary data collection methods include surveys, interviews, and observations, while secondary data comes from published sources like reports and unpublished sources. The main difference between primary and secondary data is that primary data involves direct collection while secondary data has already been collected previously.
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This document provides information about data collection and analysis. It discusses the purpose and types of data collection, including primary and secondary sources. It also outlines various methods of data collection like surveys, interviews, questionnaires and observation. The document then discusses data processing steps like editing, coding, classification and tabulation. It describes various techniques for data analysis including parametric and non-parametric tests. It also discusses measures of central tendency, dispersion and different types of graphical representations. Finally, it touches upon report writing and the key elements of a good report.
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[To download this presentation, visit:
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Frameworks/Models included:
Microsoft’s Digital Transformation Framework
McKinsey’s Ten Guiding Principles of Digital Transformation
Forrester’s Digital Transformation Framework
IDC’s Digital Transformation MaturityScape
MIT’s Digital Transformation Framework
Gartner’s Digital Transformation Framework
Accenture’s Digital Strategy & Enterprise Frameworks
Deloitte’s Digital Industrial Transformation Framework
Capgemini’s Digital Transformation Framework
PwC’s Digital Transformation Framework
Cisco’s Digital Transformation Framework
Cognizant’s Digital Transformation Framework
DXC Technology’s Digital Transformation Framework
The BCG Strategy Palette
McKinsey’s Digital Transformation Framework
Digital Transformation Compass
Four Levels of Digital Maturity
Design Thinking Framework
Business Model Canvas
Customer Journey Map
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3 Simple Steps To Buy Verified Payoneer Account In 2024
Buy Verified Payoneer Account: Quick and Secure Way to Receive Payments
Buy Verified Payoneer Account With 100% secure documents, [ USA, UK, CA ]. Are you looking for a reliable and safe way to receive payments online? Then you need buy verified Payoneer account ! Payoneer is a global payment platform that allows businesses and individuals to send and receive money in over 200 countries.
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• Highlight the crucial benchmarks, observable changes, in ensuring fulfillment of customer needs
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Chapter-02 Collection of Data.pptx
- 1. Course Code: STA 1102-0542 Course Name: Business Statistics Course Teacher: SM Nahidul Islam Chapter-02 Collection of Data
- 2. Learning Objectives In this chapter you will learn: Identifytheresearchdataplananditsimportance. Differentiatebetweenprimaryandsecondarydatasources. Recognizethedifferentdatacollectionmethods,toolsand techniques.
- 3. Introduction Data can be defined as the quantitative or qualitative value of a variable (e.g. number, images, words, figures, facts or ideas). It is a lowest unit of information from which other measurements and analysis can be done. Data is one of the most important and vital aspect of any research study.
- 4. Data collection plan Identify types of data Types of measurements and variables Instrume nts Scales Methods Written permissions Pilottesting Revise 1 Data collection forms 2 Operational procedures Research question Research hypothesis Implementation
- 6. Internal o Many institutions and departments have information about their regular functions, for their own internal purposes. o When those information are used in any survey is called internal sources of data. External o When information is collected from outside source. o Such types of data are either primary or secondary. o This type of information can be collected by census or sampling. Internal vs. External Sources of Data
- 7. ▪ Collected from first-hand experiences is known as primary data. More reliable, authentic and not been published anywhere. ▪ Primary data has not been changed or altered by human being, therefore its validity is greater than secondary data. Primary Data
- 8. Primary Research Methods and Techniques Surveys ◼Personalinterview (intercepts) ◼Mail ◼In-house,self- administered ◼Telephone,fax,e- mail,Web QuantitativeData Primary Research Experiments Mechanical observation Simulation QualitativeData Case studies Human observation Individual in-depth interviews Focus groups
- 9. Merits Targeted issues are addressed Data interpretation is better High accuracy of data Addressing specific research issues Greater control Demerits Cost Time More personnel / resources Inaccurate feedback Training, skill and laborious. Primary Data
- 10. ✓ Already been collected by others. ✓ Journals, periodicals, research publication ,official record etc. ✓ May be available in the published or unpublished form. ✓ Resorted to when primary data sources/methods are infeasible -, inaccessible. Secondary Data
- 11. Published International Government Corporation Institutional Unpublished Method of collection: secondary data
- 12. Merits Quick and cheap Wider geographical area Leading to primary data Demerits Not fulfilling specific research needs Poor accuracy Not up to date Longer orientation period Poor accessibility in some cases Secondary Data
- 13. Primary data ▪ Real time ▪ Sure about the sources ▪ Can answer research question. ▪ Cost and time ▪ Can avoid bias ▪ More flexible Secondary data o Past data o Not sure about sources o Refining the research problem o Cheap and no time o Bias can’t be ruled out o Less flexible Primary vs. secondary data
- 14. Thank you