SlideShare a Scribd company logo
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Ninth Edition
INTERNATIONAL
Trauma Life Support
for Emergency Care Providers
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
CHAPTER 1
Introduction to
Traumatic Disease
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Introduction to Traumatic Disease
(Courtesy Pixabay)
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Objectives
1. Identify the most common causes of death
due to traumatic injury.
2. Summarize the components of scene size-
up.
3. Describe the role of scene-size-up in
provider safety and anticipation of patient
injuries.
4. Explain the relationship between kinetic
injury and injury severity.
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Objectives
5. Identify the three collisions associated with a
motor vehicle collision and relate potential
patient injuries to the deformity of the
vehicle, interior structures, and body
structures.
6. Describe how vehicle safety mechanisms
affect anticipated injury patterns.
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Objectives
7. List the factors that predict the type and
severity of injury due to a fall.
8. Describe how bullets cause tissue injury and
explain the relationship between bullet
characteristics and injury severity.
9. Relate the five injury mechanisms involved
in blast injuries to scene size-up and patient
assessment.
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Objectives
10.Describe the priorities of prehospital trauma
care and relate them to preventable causes
of death.
11.Discuss the role of preventative efforts in
reducing injury and death due to trauma.
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Most Common Causes of
Traumatic Death
• Road traffic injury
• Intentional injury
• Suicide
• Falls
© Pearson
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Time is the Key Factor
• There is a relationship between time and
patient survival
• The “golden period” in prehospital care
• Teamwork is important and you need to have
an organized approach!
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Scene Size-up
• First step in ITLS Primary Survey
© Pearson
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Scene Size-up
© Pearson
© Pearson
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Scene Safety
© Pearson
üScene safety
•Position response vehicle away from hazards, but close
enough to retrieve equipment efficiently and in a direction
to leave scene easily.
•Consider using vehicle as barrier to hazards (such as
oncoming traffic) to create a safe place to work.
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Scene Safety
© Pearson
Windshield survey
•Look out windshield for hazards before leaving your
response vehicle.
•Look for threats to you as you approach:
vThreats to or from patient
vThreats to or from bystanders
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Mechanism of Injury
• Types of MOI
– Generalized
– Focused
• Traumatic injuries are predictable
• Trauma is directly related to the laws of
physics
• High-energy = risk of severe injury
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Basic Motion Mechanisms
• Blunt injuries
– Rapid forward deceleration
– Rapid vertical deceleration
– Blunt instrument energy transfer
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Motor Vehicle Collisions
Each collision is three collisions:
© Pearson
© Pearson
Photo copyright Mark C. Ide
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Clues to Injury
• Deformity of the vehicle
– What forces were involved in collision?
• Deformity of the interior structures
– What did the patient hit?
• Deformity or injury patterns on patient
– What anatomic areas were hit?
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Frontal-Impact Collision
• Windshield injuries
• Steering wheel injuries
• Dashboard injuries
(Photo copyright Mark C. Ide)
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Lateral-Impact Collision
• Similar to frontal-impact
with lateral energy
• Check impact side
• Check non-impact side
as well
(Courtesy iStockphoto)
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Rear-Impact Collision
• Posterior displacement
• Headrest position
• Damage back and front
(Courtesy Pixabay)
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Rollover Collision
• Multiple impacts
• Axial-loading injuries
• Ejection
(Chance of death
increases 25 times)
Courtesy of Bonnie Meneely, EMT-P
(Courtesy Pixabay)
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Small Vehicle Crashes
• Small vehicles
– Motorcycles
– All-terrain vehicles
– Personal watercraft
– Snowmobiles
• Injury factors
– Protective gear
– Additional impacts
(Courtesy Pixabay)
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Occupant Restraint
• Lap belt
– Clasp/knife effect
– Abdomen
– Lumbar spine
© Pearson
© Pearson
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Occupant Restraint
• Airbags
– First impact only
– Always “lift and
look”
- Powder, etc., is not
dangerous
(Courtesy of Olivier Le Queinec, Shutterstock)
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Falls
• Vertical deceleration
– Distance of fall
– Anatomy impacted
– Surface struck
– Patient age
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Penetrating Trauma
• Knife wound severity
– Anatomic area penetrated
– Length of the blade
– Angle of penetration
• Stabilize impaled object © Pearson
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Penetrating Trauma
• Trauma related to gunshot wound depends on:
- The part of the body damaged
– The bullet velocity
– The bullet caliber
(Courtesy Roy Alson, PhD, MD, FACEP, FAEMS) © Pearson
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Blast Injuries
• Primary
• Secondary
• Tertiary
• Quaternary
• Quinary
© Pearson
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Priorities of Trauma Care
© Pearson
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Trauma Triage Decisions
• Over-triage:
– Transporting patients to
a trauma center who
can be managed at a
local hospital
• Under-triage:
– Not transporting
patients requiring
specialized trauma care
to a trauma center © Pearson
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Prevention and Public Education
• Trauma itself is a disease
– Specific causes
– Methods of prevention or mitigation
– Methods of treatment
Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved
Summary
• Trauma is a disease of time and energy
• Organization improves outcomes
• Scene safety and size-up come first
• Understanding the MOI is critical

More Related Content

What's hot

Lesson 02
Lesson 02Lesson 02
Lesson 02jopaulv
 
DMACC EMT Chapter 13 Part 2
DMACC EMT Chapter 13 Part 2DMACC EMT Chapter 13 Part 2
DMACC EMT Chapter 13 Part 2
MedicKern
 
Pec11 chap 08 pathophysiology
Pec11 chap 08   pathophysiologyPec11 chap 08   pathophysiology
Pec11 chap 08 pathophysiology
Michael Bedford
 
Chapter 04 Safety and Aircraft Hazards
Chapter 04 Safety and Aircraft Hazards Chapter 04 Safety and Aircraft Hazards
Chapter 04 Safety and Aircraft Hazards
Training1PFD
 
Chapter 9
Chapter 9Chapter 9
Chapter 9
ebattros
 
Pec11 chap 14 pharmacology and medication administration
Pec11 chap 14 pharmacology and medication administrationPec11 chap 14 pharmacology and medication administration
Pec11 chap 14 pharmacology and medication administration
Michael Bedford
 
NFPA 402 -- ARFF By the Book
NFPA 402 -- ARFF By the BookNFPA 402 -- ARFF By the Book
NFPA 402 -- ARFF By the BookAaron Johnson
 
PHEM - Pre Hospital Emergency Medicine Guidelines for Trainers
PHEM - Pre Hospital Emergency Medicine Guidelines for TrainersPHEM - Pre Hospital Emergency Medicine Guidelines for Trainers
PHEM - Pre Hospital Emergency Medicine Guidelines for Trainers
Emergency Live
 
Pec11 chap 29 burns
Pec11 chap 29 burnsPec11 chap 29 burns
Pec11 chap 29 burns
Michael Bedford
 
DMACC EMT Chapter 13 Part 1
DMACC EMT Chapter 13 Part 1DMACC EMT Chapter 13 Part 1
DMACC EMT Chapter 13 Part 1
MedicKern
 
Lesson 04
Lesson 04Lesson 04
Lesson 04jopaulv
 
Pec11 chap 33 eye, face, neck trauma
Pec11 chap 33 eye, face, neck traumaPec11 chap 33 eye, face, neck trauma
Pec11 chap 33 eye, face, neck trauma
Michael Bedford
 
Chapter 10
Chapter 10Chapter 10
Chapter 10
ebattros
 
Pec11 chap 45 mci and ics
Pec11 chap 45 mci and icsPec11 chap 45 mci and ics
Pec11 chap 45 mci and ics
Michael Bedford
 
Chapter 03 Aircraft Familiaration
Chapter 03 Aircraft Familiaration Chapter 03 Aircraft Familiaration
Chapter 03 Aircraft Familiaration
Training1PFD
 
Lesson 9
Lesson 9Lesson 9
Lesson 9
Tiago Vieira
 
Lesson 2
Lesson 2Lesson 2
Lesson 2
Tiago Vieira
 
Pec11 chap 10 airway, ventilation, oxygenation
Pec11 chap 10   airway, ventilation, oxygenationPec11 chap 10   airway, ventilation, oxygenation
Pec11 chap 10 airway, ventilation, oxygenation
Michael Bedford
 
Pediatric Protocol Presentation
Pediatric Protocol PresentationPediatric Protocol Presentation
Pediatric Protocol Presentation
State of Utah, Salt Lake City
 

What's hot (20)

Lesson 02
Lesson 02Lesson 02
Lesson 02
 
DMACC EMT Chapter 13 Part 2
DMACC EMT Chapter 13 Part 2DMACC EMT Chapter 13 Part 2
DMACC EMT Chapter 13 Part 2
 
Pec11 chap 08 pathophysiology
Pec11 chap 08   pathophysiologyPec11 chap 08   pathophysiology
Pec11 chap 08 pathophysiology
 
Chapter 04 Safety and Aircraft Hazards
Chapter 04 Safety and Aircraft Hazards Chapter 04 Safety and Aircraft Hazards
Chapter 04 Safety and Aircraft Hazards
 
Chapter 9
Chapter 9Chapter 9
Chapter 9
 
Pec11 chap 14 pharmacology and medication administration
Pec11 chap 14 pharmacology and medication administrationPec11 chap 14 pharmacology and medication administration
Pec11 chap 14 pharmacology and medication administration
 
NFPA 402 -- ARFF By the Book
NFPA 402 -- ARFF By the BookNFPA 402 -- ARFF By the Book
NFPA 402 -- ARFF By the Book
 
PHEM - Pre Hospital Emergency Medicine Guidelines for Trainers
PHEM - Pre Hospital Emergency Medicine Guidelines for TrainersPHEM - Pre Hospital Emergency Medicine Guidelines for Trainers
PHEM - Pre Hospital Emergency Medicine Guidelines for Trainers
 
Pec11 chap 29 burns
Pec11 chap 29 burnsPec11 chap 29 burns
Pec11 chap 29 burns
 
DMACC EMT Chapter 13 Part 1
DMACC EMT Chapter 13 Part 1DMACC EMT Chapter 13 Part 1
DMACC EMT Chapter 13 Part 1
 
Lesson 04
Lesson 04Lesson 04
Lesson 04
 
Pec11 chap 33 eye, face, neck trauma
Pec11 chap 33 eye, face, neck traumaPec11 chap 33 eye, face, neck trauma
Pec11 chap 33 eye, face, neck trauma
 
Chapter 10
Chapter 10Chapter 10
Chapter 10
 
Pec11 chap 45 mci and ics
Pec11 chap 45 mci and icsPec11 chap 45 mci and ics
Pec11 chap 45 mci and ics
 
Ch04 eec3
Ch04 eec3Ch04 eec3
Ch04 eec3
 
Chapter 03 Aircraft Familiaration
Chapter 03 Aircraft Familiaration Chapter 03 Aircraft Familiaration
Chapter 03 Aircraft Familiaration
 
Lesson 9
Lesson 9Lesson 9
Lesson 9
 
Lesson 2
Lesson 2Lesson 2
Lesson 2
 
Pec11 chap 10 airway, ventilation, oxygenation
Pec11 chap 10   airway, ventilation, oxygenationPec11 chap 10   airway, ventilation, oxygenation
Pec11 chap 10 airway, ventilation, oxygenation
 
Pediatric Protocol Presentation
Pediatric Protocol PresentationPediatric Protocol Presentation
Pediatric Protocol Presentation
 

Similar to Chapter+01_9th+Edition_ITLS_04-2020.pdf

Alexander ch34 lecture
Alexander ch34 lectureAlexander ch34 lecture
Alexander ch34 lecture
corynava00
 
Analysis of Procedures and Factors Causing Motor Vehicle Insurance Claims
Analysis of Procedures and Factors Causing Motor Vehicle Insurance ClaimsAnalysis of Procedures and Factors Causing Motor Vehicle Insurance Claims
Analysis of Procedures and Factors Causing Motor Vehicle Insurance Claims
ijtsrd
 
Passive Restraint
Passive RestraintPassive Restraint
Passive Restraintanuarh208
 
Passive Restraint Web
Passive Restraint WebPassive Restraint Web
Passive Restraint Webguest596fdc
 
DMACC EMT Chapter 27
DMACC EMT Chapter 27DMACC EMT Chapter 27
DMACC EMT Chapter 27
MedicKern
 
insurancebasic-160426054948 (1).pdf
insurancebasic-160426054948 (1).pdfinsurancebasic-160426054948 (1).pdf
insurancebasic-160426054948 (1).pdf
ambika bhandari
 
Insurance basics
Insurance basicsInsurance basics
Insurance basics
Viswanathan Odatt
 
Pec11 chap 12 scene size up
Pec11 chap 12 scene size upPec11 chap 12 scene size up
Pec11 chap 12 scene size up
Michael Bedford
 
Equipment and Machinery Insurance Policies
Equipment and Machinery Insurance PoliciesEquipment and Machinery Insurance Policies
Equipment and Machinery Insurance Policies
Optimuminsurance
 
Introduction to insurance AICL
Introduction to insurance AICLIntroduction to insurance AICL
Introduction to insurance AICL
Asjad Asjad
 
Introduction to Insurance Adamjee Insurance Company Ltd
Introduction to Insurance Adamjee Insurance Company LtdIntroduction to Insurance Adamjee Insurance Company Ltd
Introduction to Insurance Adamjee Insurance Company Ltd
Asjad Asjad
 
Insurance Products
Insurance ProductsInsurance Products
Insurance Products
amitymbaassignment
 
RAM AVADH SINGH-Peril-Accident external means
RAM AVADH SINGH-Peril-Accident external meansRAM AVADH SINGH-Peril-Accident external means
RAM AVADH SINGH-Peril-Accident external meansRam Awadh Singh
 
Tractor insurance
Tractor insuranceTractor insurance
Tractor insurance
Jyoti Jha
 
Session 01 _Risk Assessment Program for YSP_Introduction, Definitions and Sta...
Session 01 _Risk Assessment Program for YSP_Introduction, Definitions and Sta...Session 01 _Risk Assessment Program for YSP_Introduction, Definitions and Sta...
Session 01 _Risk Assessment Program for YSP_Introduction, Definitions and Sta...
Muizz Anibire
 
DMACC EMT Chapter 12
DMACC EMT Chapter 12DMACC EMT Chapter 12
DMACC EMT Chapter 12
MedicKern
 
GENERAL INSURANCE @ A GLANCE
GENERAL INSURANCE @ A GLANCEGENERAL INSURANCE @ A GLANCE
GENERAL INSURANCE @ A GLANCE
Jyotirmoy Kashyap
 

Similar to Chapter+01_9th+Edition_ITLS_04-2020.pdf (20)

Alexander ch34 lecture
Alexander ch34 lectureAlexander ch34 lecture
Alexander ch34 lecture
 
Analysis of Procedures and Factors Causing Motor Vehicle Insurance Claims
Analysis of Procedures and Factors Causing Motor Vehicle Insurance ClaimsAnalysis of Procedures and Factors Causing Motor Vehicle Insurance Claims
Analysis of Procedures and Factors Causing Motor Vehicle Insurance Claims
 
Passive Restraint
Passive RestraintPassive Restraint
Passive Restraint
 
Passive Restraint Web
Passive Restraint WebPassive Restraint Web
Passive Restraint Web
 
DMACC EMT Chapter 27
DMACC EMT Chapter 27DMACC EMT Chapter 27
DMACC EMT Chapter 27
 
insurancebasic-160426054948 (1).pdf
insurancebasic-160426054948 (1).pdfinsurancebasic-160426054948 (1).pdf
insurancebasic-160426054948 (1).pdf
 
Insurance basics
Insurance basicsInsurance basics
Insurance basics
 
Century insurance
Century insuranceCentury insurance
Century insurance
 
Pec11 chap 12 scene size up
Pec11 chap 12 scene size upPec11 chap 12 scene size up
Pec11 chap 12 scene size up
 
Equipment and Machinery Insurance Policies
Equipment and Machinery Insurance PoliciesEquipment and Machinery Insurance Policies
Equipment and Machinery Insurance Policies
 
Introduction to insurance AICL
Introduction to insurance AICLIntroduction to insurance AICL
Introduction to insurance AICL
 
Introduction to Insurance Adamjee Insurance Company Ltd
Introduction to Insurance Adamjee Insurance Company LtdIntroduction to Insurance Adamjee Insurance Company Ltd
Introduction to Insurance Adamjee Insurance Company Ltd
 
Insurance Products
Insurance ProductsInsurance Products
Insurance Products
 
RAM AVADH SINGH-Peril-Accident external means
RAM AVADH SINGH-Peril-Accident external meansRAM AVADH SINGH-Peril-Accident external means
RAM AVADH SINGH-Peril-Accident external means
 
Tractor insurance
Tractor insuranceTractor insurance
Tractor insurance
 
Session 01 _Risk Assessment Program for YSP_Introduction, Definitions and Sta...
Session 01 _Risk Assessment Program for YSP_Introduction, Definitions and Sta...Session 01 _Risk Assessment Program for YSP_Introduction, Definitions and Sta...
Session 01 _Risk Assessment Program for YSP_Introduction, Definitions and Sta...
 
ACH 216 Lecture 11 (Safety)
ACH 216 Lecture 11 (Safety)ACH 216 Lecture 11 (Safety)
ACH 216 Lecture 11 (Safety)
 
ACH 216 Lecture 11 (Safety)
ACH 216 Lecture 11 (Safety)ACH 216 Lecture 11 (Safety)
ACH 216 Lecture 11 (Safety)
 
DMACC EMT Chapter 12
DMACC EMT Chapter 12DMACC EMT Chapter 12
DMACC EMT Chapter 12
 
GENERAL INSURANCE @ A GLANCE
GENERAL INSURANCE @ A GLANCEGENERAL INSURANCE @ A GLANCE
GENERAL INSURANCE @ A GLANCE
 

Recently uploaded

The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free downloadThe French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
Vivekanand Anglo Vedic Academy
 
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptx
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxStudents, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptx
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptx
EduSkills OECD
 
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17
Celine George
 
Polish students' mobility in the Czech Republic
Polish students' mobility in the Czech RepublicPolish students' mobility in the Czech Republic
Polish students' mobility in the Czech Republic
Anna Sz.
 
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
Jisc
 
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdfHome assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Tamralipta Mahavidyalaya
 
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve Thomason
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonThe Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve Thomason
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve Thomason
Steve Thomason
 
How to Break the cycle of negative Thoughts
How to Break the cycle of negative ThoughtsHow to Break the cycle of negative Thoughts
How to Break the cycle of negative Thoughts
Col Mukteshwar Prasad
 
Chapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptx
Chapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptxChapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptx
Chapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptx
Mohd Adib Abd Muin, Senior Lecturer at Universiti Utara Malaysia
 
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
siemaillard
 
Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx
Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptxSupporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx
Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx
Jisc
 
Fish and Chips - have they had their chips
Fish and Chips - have they had their chipsFish and Chips - have they had their chips
Fish and Chips - have they had their chips
GeoBlogs
 
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official PublicationThe Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
Delapenabediema
 
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with MechanismOverview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
DeeptiGupta154
 
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology ......
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology ......Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology ......
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology ......
Ashokrao Mane college of Pharmacy Peth-Vadgaon
 
MARUTI SUZUKI- A Successful Joint Venture in India.pptx
MARUTI SUZUKI- A Successful Joint Venture in India.pptxMARUTI SUZUKI- A Successful Joint Venture in India.pptx
MARUTI SUZUKI- A Successful Joint Venture in India.pptx
bennyroshan06
 
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdf
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfUnit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdf
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdf
Thiyagu K
 
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.pptThesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
EverAndrsGuerraGuerr
 
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdf
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfThe Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdf
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdf
kaushalkr1407
 
Language Across the Curriculm LAC B.Ed.
Language Across the  Curriculm LAC B.Ed.Language Across the  Curriculm LAC B.Ed.
Language Across the Curriculm LAC B.Ed.
Atul Kumar Singh
 

Recently uploaded (20)

The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free downloadThe French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
The French Revolution Class 9 Study Material pdf free download
 
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptx
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxStudents, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptx
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptx
 
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17
 
Polish students' mobility in the Czech Republic
Polish students' mobility in the Czech RepublicPolish students' mobility in the Czech Republic
Polish students' mobility in the Czech Republic
 
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
 
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdfHome assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
 
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve Thomason
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonThe Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve Thomason
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve Thomason
 
How to Break the cycle of negative Thoughts
How to Break the cycle of negative ThoughtsHow to Break the cycle of negative Thoughts
How to Break the cycle of negative Thoughts
 
Chapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptx
Chapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptxChapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptx
Chapter 3 - Islamic Banking Products and Services.pptx
 
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa
 
Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx
Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptxSupporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx
Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx
 
Fish and Chips - have they had their chips
Fish and Chips - have they had their chipsFish and Chips - have they had their chips
Fish and Chips - have they had their chips
 
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official PublicationThe Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
 
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with MechanismOverview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
 
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology ......
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology ......Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology ......
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology ......
 
MARUTI SUZUKI- A Successful Joint Venture in India.pptx
MARUTI SUZUKI- A Successful Joint Venture in India.pptxMARUTI SUZUKI- A Successful Joint Venture in India.pptx
MARUTI SUZUKI- A Successful Joint Venture in India.pptx
 
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdf
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfUnit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdf
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdf
 
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.pptThesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
Thesis Statement for students diagnonsed withADHD.ppt
 
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdf
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfThe Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdf
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdf
 
Language Across the Curriculm LAC B.Ed.
Language Across the  Curriculm LAC B.Ed.Language Across the  Curriculm LAC B.Ed.
Language Across the Curriculm LAC B.Ed.
 

Chapter+01_9th+Edition_ITLS_04-2020.pdf

  • 1. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Ninth Edition INTERNATIONAL Trauma Life Support for Emergency Care Providers Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Traumatic Disease
  • 2. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Introduction to Traumatic Disease (Courtesy Pixabay)
  • 3. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Objectives 1. Identify the most common causes of death due to traumatic injury. 2. Summarize the components of scene size- up. 3. Describe the role of scene-size-up in provider safety and anticipation of patient injuries. 4. Explain the relationship between kinetic injury and injury severity.
  • 4. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Objectives 5. Identify the three collisions associated with a motor vehicle collision and relate potential patient injuries to the deformity of the vehicle, interior structures, and body structures. 6. Describe how vehicle safety mechanisms affect anticipated injury patterns.
  • 5. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Objectives 7. List the factors that predict the type and severity of injury due to a fall. 8. Describe how bullets cause tissue injury and explain the relationship between bullet characteristics and injury severity. 9. Relate the five injury mechanisms involved in blast injuries to scene size-up and patient assessment.
  • 6. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Objectives 10.Describe the priorities of prehospital trauma care and relate them to preventable causes of death. 11.Discuss the role of preventative efforts in reducing injury and death due to trauma.
  • 7. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Most Common Causes of Traumatic Death • Road traffic injury • Intentional injury • Suicide • Falls © Pearson
  • 8. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Time is the Key Factor • There is a relationship between time and patient survival • The “golden period” in prehospital care • Teamwork is important and you need to have an organized approach!
  • 9. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Scene Size-up • First step in ITLS Primary Survey © Pearson
  • 10. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Scene Size-up © Pearson © Pearson
  • 11. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Scene Safety © Pearson üScene safety •Position response vehicle away from hazards, but close enough to retrieve equipment efficiently and in a direction to leave scene easily. •Consider using vehicle as barrier to hazards (such as oncoming traffic) to create a safe place to work.
  • 12. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Scene Safety © Pearson Windshield survey •Look out windshield for hazards before leaving your response vehicle. •Look for threats to you as you approach: vThreats to or from patient vThreats to or from bystanders
  • 13. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Mechanism of Injury • Types of MOI – Generalized – Focused • Traumatic injuries are predictable • Trauma is directly related to the laws of physics • High-energy = risk of severe injury
  • 14. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Basic Motion Mechanisms • Blunt injuries – Rapid forward deceleration – Rapid vertical deceleration – Blunt instrument energy transfer
  • 15. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Motor Vehicle Collisions Each collision is three collisions: © Pearson © Pearson Photo copyright Mark C. Ide
  • 16. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Clues to Injury • Deformity of the vehicle – What forces were involved in collision? • Deformity of the interior structures – What did the patient hit? • Deformity or injury patterns on patient – What anatomic areas were hit?
  • 17. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Frontal-Impact Collision • Windshield injuries • Steering wheel injuries • Dashboard injuries (Photo copyright Mark C. Ide)
  • 18. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Lateral-Impact Collision • Similar to frontal-impact with lateral energy • Check impact side • Check non-impact side as well (Courtesy iStockphoto)
  • 19. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Rear-Impact Collision • Posterior displacement • Headrest position • Damage back and front (Courtesy Pixabay)
  • 20. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Rollover Collision • Multiple impacts • Axial-loading injuries • Ejection (Chance of death increases 25 times) Courtesy of Bonnie Meneely, EMT-P (Courtesy Pixabay)
  • 21. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Small Vehicle Crashes • Small vehicles – Motorcycles – All-terrain vehicles – Personal watercraft – Snowmobiles • Injury factors – Protective gear – Additional impacts (Courtesy Pixabay)
  • 22. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Occupant Restraint • Lap belt – Clasp/knife effect – Abdomen – Lumbar spine © Pearson © Pearson
  • 23. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Occupant Restraint • Airbags – First impact only – Always “lift and look” - Powder, etc., is not dangerous (Courtesy of Olivier Le Queinec, Shutterstock)
  • 24. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Falls • Vertical deceleration – Distance of fall – Anatomy impacted – Surface struck – Patient age
  • 25. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Penetrating Trauma • Knife wound severity – Anatomic area penetrated – Length of the blade – Angle of penetration • Stabilize impaled object © Pearson
  • 26. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Penetrating Trauma • Trauma related to gunshot wound depends on: - The part of the body damaged – The bullet velocity – The bullet caliber (Courtesy Roy Alson, PhD, MD, FACEP, FAEMS) © Pearson
  • 27. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Blast Injuries • Primary • Secondary • Tertiary • Quaternary • Quinary © Pearson
  • 28. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Priorities of Trauma Care © Pearson
  • 29. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Trauma Triage Decisions • Over-triage: – Transporting patients to a trauma center who can be managed at a local hospital • Under-triage: – Not transporting patients requiring specialized trauma care to a trauma center © Pearson
  • 30. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Prevention and Public Education • Trauma itself is a disease – Specific causes – Methods of prevention or mitigation – Methods of treatment
  • 31. Copyright © 2020. All Rights Reserved Summary • Trauma is a disease of time and energy • Organization improves outcomes • Scene safety and size-up come first • Understanding the MOI is critical