The ending of World War I led to increased unemployment in the United States as wartime production wound down. Inflation increased after the war which raised the cost of living, as companies were reluctant to increase wages for workers. There was concern about general strikes in America at this time. Race riots in 1919 increased enrollment in the NAACP and affected communities differently than previous riots. During the Red Scare, some believed bombings were the work of communists and Attorney General Palmer responded with raids that violated civil rights, though the public reaction was mixed. The Red Scare negatively impacted immigrants. Warren Harding won the election in part due to war weariness and desire for a return to normalcy.