Chapter 7 presentation
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Antihistamines are used to treat allergy and hay fever symptoms like runny nose, sneezing, and watery eyes. They work by blocking the effects of histamine at receptor sites. Some common side effects include drowsiness and dry mouth. Antitussives suppress or relieve cough symptoms and come in liquid and cough drop forms. Brand examples are listed. Decongestants reduce nasal congestion symptoms and come in liquid capsules, liquids, and nasal sprays. They work by narrowing blood vessels to decrease nasal congestion but should only be used temporarily to avoid rebound congestion.
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Decongestant .. by Dr Duryab Jamil
Decongestants are medications used to relieve nasal congestion by constricting blood vessels in the nasal passages. The most common active ingredients are pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine. Intranasal corticosteroids and antihistamines can also help with congestion symptoms. Regular long-term use of decongestants should be avoided due to risk of side effects like loss of smell. They work by activating alpha-adrenergic receptors in the nasal mucosa. Common decongestant brands are listed. People with certain medical conditions should avoid decongestants due to risk of interactions or side effects.
Antihistamines and nasal decongestants
Antihistamines work by blocking the effects of histamine at receptor sites, helping to reduce symptoms of allergies like itching, while nasal decongestants work by constricting dilated blood vessels in the nasal passages to reduce congestion. However, overuse of decongestants can cause rebound congestion. Both antihistamines and decongestants only provide temporary relief for cold and allergy symptoms and are not a cure.
Nasal decongestant and Respiratory stimulants
Nasal decongestant and Respiratory stimulants,Classification-Phenylepherne,Phenylpropanolamine,α1 agonist,α2 receptors agonists/ Imidazoline compounds,Side effects,Respiratory Stimulants,Role of analeptics,Doxapram . Snehal chakorkar
pharmacology
Antihistamines, antitussives, decongestants, expectorants
Histamine is produced by basophils and mast cells during immune responses. It binds to H1-H4 receptors, causing effects like vasodilation, bronchioconstriction, and increased gastric acid. Anaphylactic shock results from severe drops in blood pressure and impaired breathing from vasodilation and bronchioconstriction. Epinephrine is used to treat it. Antihistamines compete with histamine at receptors to treat allergies and other conditions. Antitussives suppress coughing through opioid or non-opioid mechanisms. Decongestants stimulate alpha receptors to constrict nasal passages. Expectorants thin mucus to make coughing up secretions easier.
Antitussive, expectorants, nasal decongestants
The aim of sharing this material is to help the needful students and provide detailed material for given topic. it is easy to lean in creative way with minimum contents.you all are most welcome for suggestions to improve it an to make it more creative easy and graspable. thank you
Nasal decongestants
this presentation gives the knowledge about the decongestants are a type of medication that can provide short relief for a blocked nose ................
Nasal decongestant Drugs
This document discusses nasal decongestants, including commonly used medications, dosages, indications, contraindications, and nursing responsibilities. It notes that nasal decongestants work by causing vasoconstriction to reduce nasal congestion. Common decongestants mentioned are phenylephrine, pseudoephedrine, ephedrine, naphazoline, oxymetazoline, and tetrahydrozoline. Indications include nasal congestion from rhinitis or sinusitis. Contraindications include hypertension, coronary artery disease, and glaucoma. Nurses should assess patients for medical history and monitor for decreased congestion after administration.
drugs for respiratory for PCL Nursing
Presentation on drugs for respiratory for PCL Nursing in Nepal. Contains the drugs on respiratory system
Recommended
Decongestant .. by Dr Duryab Jamil
Decongestants are medications used to relieve nasal congestion by constricting blood vessels in the nasal passages. The most common active ingredients are pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine. Intranasal corticosteroids and antihistamines can also help with congestion symptoms. Regular long-term use of decongestants should be avoided due to risk of side effects like loss of smell. They work by activating alpha-adrenergic receptors in the nasal mucosa. Common decongestant brands are listed. People with certain medical conditions should avoid decongestants due to risk of interactions or side effects.
Antihistamines and nasal decongestants
Antihistamines work by blocking the effects of histamine at receptor sites, helping to reduce symptoms of allergies like itching, while nasal decongestants work by constricting dilated blood vessels in the nasal passages to reduce congestion. However, overuse of decongestants can cause rebound congestion. Both antihistamines and decongestants only provide temporary relief for cold and allergy symptoms and are not a cure.
Nasal decongestant and Respiratory stimulants
Nasal decongestant and Respiratory stimulants,Classification-Phenylepherne,Phenylpropanolamine,α1 agonist,α2 receptors agonists/ Imidazoline compounds,Side effects,Respiratory Stimulants,Role of analeptics,Doxapram . Snehal chakorkar
pharmacology
Antihistamines, antitussives, decongestants, expectorants
Histamine is produced by basophils and mast cells during immune responses. It binds to H1-H4 receptors, causing effects like vasodilation, bronchioconstriction, and increased gastric acid. Anaphylactic shock results from severe drops in blood pressure and impaired breathing from vasodilation and bronchioconstriction. Epinephrine is used to treat it. Antihistamines compete with histamine at receptors to treat allergies and other conditions. Antitussives suppress coughing through opioid or non-opioid mechanisms. Decongestants stimulate alpha receptors to constrict nasal passages. Expectorants thin mucus to make coughing up secretions easier.
Antitussive, expectorants, nasal decongestants
The aim of sharing this material is to help the needful students and provide detailed material for given topic. it is easy to lean in creative way with minimum contents.you all are most welcome for suggestions to improve it an to make it more creative easy and graspable. thank you
Nasal decongestants
this presentation gives the knowledge about the decongestants are a type of medication that can provide short relief for a blocked nose ................
Nasal decongestant Drugs
This document discusses nasal decongestants, including commonly used medications, dosages, indications, contraindications, and nursing responsibilities. It notes that nasal decongestants work by causing vasoconstriction to reduce nasal congestion. Common decongestants mentioned are phenylephrine, pseudoephedrine, ephedrine, naphazoline, oxymetazoline, and tetrahydrozoline. Indications include nasal congestion from rhinitis or sinusitis. Contraindications include hypertension, coronary artery disease, and glaucoma. Nurses should assess patients for medical history and monitor for decreased congestion after administration.
drugs for respiratory for PCL Nursing
Presentation on drugs for respiratory for PCL Nursing in Nepal. Contains the drugs on respiratory system
Respiratoy drugs outline
The document discusses various drugs used to treat respiratory conditions like asthma, allergies, cough, and congestion. It covers the mechanisms and effects of bronchodilators, anti-inflammatory agents, antihistamines, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics. Key points include how these drugs work to relax airways, reduce inflammation, block histamine receptors, constrict blood vessels in the nose, suppress cough reflexes, thin mucus, and make secretions easier to remove.
Antitussive
This document discusses the pharmacotherapy of cough. It begins by describing cough as a protective reflex mechanism and identifies the main types as productive or dry. It then classifies drugs that can induce cough and those used to treat it, including antitussives to suppress the cough center, mucolytics to reduce mucus viscosity, and adjuvants like antihistamines and bronchodilators. Specific drugs are discussed for each category, noting their mechanisms of action, effects, side effects, and appropriate uses. Non-pharmacological approaches like hydration, steam inhalation are also mentioned. The summary emphasizes treating the underlying cause while providing symptomatic relief through suppressing cough, reducing mucus, or opening airways.
Respiratory system pharmacology
This document summarizes information about the respiratory system pharmacology, focusing on bronchial asthma and cough remedies. It defines bronchial asthma as a common chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by variable and recurring symptoms of reversible airflow obstruction and bronchospasm. It then discusses asthma symptoms, treatment including first aid and drugs like bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory medications like corticosteroids, leukotriene antagonists, and mast cell stabilizers. The document also defines cough remedies and discusses treatment of productive coughs with mucolytics and expectorants and dry coughs with antitussives like narcotic cough suppressants, antihistamines, and demulcents.
Cough suppressants & expectorants
This document discusses cough suppressants and expectorants. It describes how cough is either productive in expelling secretions or nonproductive and should be suppressed. It then covers the mechanisms of cough and different types of drugs used to treat cough, including demulcents, expectorants, mucolytics, antitussives, bronchodilators, and antihistamines. The main classes of drugs are described along with their mechanisms of action and side effects.
Pharmacotherapy of cough
This document discusses the pharmacotherapy of cough. It defines cough and describes the cough reflex mechanism. It classifies drugs for treating cough into categories - antitussives to suppress cough, expectorants to increase mucus secretion, and mucolytics to reduce mucus viscosity. Specific drugs discussed include codeine, dextromethorphan, guaifenesin, acetylcysteine, and bromhexine. Adjuvant treatments like antihistamines, bronchodilators, steam inhalation and hydration are also covered. The document emphasizes treating the underlying cause of cough and provides a targeted treatment approach based on the cause.
PHARMA- DRUGS FOR RESPIRATORY DISORDERS
The document discusses various drugs used for treating conditions affecting the upper respiratory tract such as cough, nasal congestion, and allergies. It covers categories of drugs like antitussives, decongestants, antihistamines, expectorants, and mucolytics. It also discusses the actions, indications, cautions, adverse effects and nursing considerations for drugs in each category.
Drugs acting on respiratory system
This document discusses drugs that affect the respiratory system, including the upper and lower respiratory tracts. It covers antihistamines, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and bronchodilators. Antihistamines work by blocking histamine receptors, relieving allergy symptoms. Decongestants constrict blood vessels in the nasal passages to relieve stuffiness. Antitussives suppress the cough reflex. Expectorants thin mucus making it easier to cough up. Bronchodilators relax airway smooth muscle to dilate the bronchioles and make breathing easier. The document discusses the mechanisms, effects, uses, and side effects of these drug classes in treating common conditions like col
Cough
This document discusses drug therapy for cough. It classifies drugs as acting peripherally, centrally, or both. Peripherally acting drugs include demulcents, expectorants, and mucolytics. Demulcents coat receptors in the throat to reduce cough. Expectorants increase bronchial secretions making them easier to cough up. Mucolytics thin mucus. Centrally acting drugs raise the cough center threshold, mainly for dry cough. Codeine is the standard antitussive but others include pholcodeine and dextromethorphan. Benzonatate acts both centrally and peripherally to suppress cough.
Bronchodilator drugs
Bronchodilator drugs work by relaxing the muscles in the airways to open breathing passages. There are three main types of bronchodilators: beta-adrenergic bronchodilators, anticholinergic bronchodilators, and xanthine derivatives. Each works through a different mechanism to dilate the bronchial airways. Common side effects among the drug types include dry mouth, headache, nausea, and difficulty breathing. Nurses monitor patients' vital signs and educate them on proper inhaler use when prescribing bronchodilators.
Drug acting on the respiratory system
Bronchodilators relax smooth muscle in the respiratory tract to open airways and decrease airflow resistance. Albuterol sulfate is a common bronchodilator that works by stimulating beta2 receptors to cause bronchodilation and vasodilation. It is used to prevent and relieve bronchoconstriction in patients with reversible obstructive airway disease. Expectorants like Robitussin work by enhancing respiratory tract fluid output to thin mucus and promote coughing up of mucus plugs. Antitussives like codeine act on the cough center in the brain to suppress coughing and allow for rest, though they do not stop coughs completely. Both expectorants and antitussives can cause side
Respiratory system
Cough is a protective reflex that expels secretions or particles from the airways. Antitussives suppress the cough center in the central nervous system and reduce cough reflex. Opioids like codeine and non-opioids like dextromethorphan are common antitussives. Expectorants increase bronchial secretions to facilitate removal of mucus while coughing. Asthma is characterized by airway inflammation and constriction. Bronchodilators such as salbutamol and corticosteroids are used to treat asthma. Salbutamol is a short-acting beta-2 agonist that causes bronchodilation. Corticosteroids reduce inflammation and prevent exacerbations.
Antitussives
Codeine is a commonly used antitussive (cough suppressant) that works by raising the stimulus threshold of the cough center in the brain. It is effective at reducing coughs by 40-60% compared to placebos. Codeine is also a mild opioid analgesic. Other antitussives include dextromethorphan (non-opioid), expectorants like guaifenesin to loosen mucus, and mucolytics like acetylcysteine that work to liquefy mucus in the respiratory tract.
Pharmacotherapy of Cough & Bronchial asthma
This document discusses the pharmacotherapy of cough and bronchial asthma. It begins by describing the etiology and types of cough, as well as the cough reflex process. It then covers the types of drugs used to treat cough, including expectorants, mucolytics, antitussives, and pharyngeal demulcents. The mechanisms and examples of each drug type are provided. The document also discusses the pathophysiology and classification of drugs used to treat bronchial asthma, including bronchodilators, leukotriene receptor antagonists, glucocorticoids, and monoclonal antibodies. The mechanisms and examples of the major drug classes used for asthma treatment are summarized.
5. drugs acting in respiratory system
This document discusses drugs that act on the respiratory system. It covers categories like anti-tussives, expectorants, and drugs for conditions like asthma and tuberculosis. It describes the mechanisms and types of cough, including productive and non-productive cough. It then examines the mechanisms, classifications, and examples of different drug classes for treating cough and related conditions, including anti-tussives like codeine; expectorants that liquefy secretions; mucolytics; antihistamines; bronchodilators; and demulcents for the throat. It notes important considerations like adverse effects and contraindications for these drug classes.
Drugs for the respiratory system 6
This document discusses drugs used for respiratory infections. It describes three types of medications: antibiotics like Cipro which kill bacteria, antihistamines like Allegra which block histamine during allergies, and antitussives like Hycodan which relieve coughing. Cipro treats bacterial infections by stopping bacterial growth but not viruses. Allegra works by blocking histamine in allergic reactions. Hycodan contains hydrocodone to suppress coughing and homatropine as an anticholinergic. All drugs can cause side effects like dizziness, drowsiness, nausea and constipation.
Antitussive drugs
This document discusses various agents used to treat cough. It begins by describing the pathophysiology of cough and differentiating between acute, chronic, and subacute cough. It then categorizes cough medications as peripherally or centrally acting. Peripherally acting medications include demulcents, mucosal anesthetics, bronchodilators, expectorants, and miscellaneous agents. Centrally acting medications include opioid/narcotics and non-opioid/non-narcotics. Specific medications are discussed under each category along with their mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, indications, and side effects. The document provides detailed information on commonly used antitussive medications to treat cough.
14drugs acting on respiratory system expectorants, respiratory stimulants
This document discusses various drugs used for treating cough and facilitating removal of respiratory secretions. It describes antitussives/cough suppressants such as codeine, dextromethorphan and noscapine which act centrally to suppress cough reflex. It also discusses expectorants like potassium iodide, ammonium chloride and bromhexine which increase production or decrease viscosity of bronchial secretions to aid in coughing up mucus. The document provides details on mechanisms of action, uses, doses and side effects of these antitussive and expectorant drugs.
Drug Prescriptions
The document discusses medications used to treat respiratory system issues. It describes antihistamines which block histamine released during allergies and relieve symptoms like congestion. Bronchodilators relax bronchial tube muscles to treat asthma and come in short-acting forms for emergencies and long-acting daily use. Decongestants reduce stuffiness throughout the respiratory system by drying mucus rather than blocking histamine, and natural options include exercise and caffeine.
Expectorants and antitussives
This document discusses expectorants and antitussives, which are drugs used to treat cough. Expectorants aid in relieving congestion in the lower respiratory tract and help remove mucus, while antitussives suppress the cough reflex. Expectorants are classified as sedatives like acetylcysteine and bromhexine hydrochloride, or stimulants/irritants like guaifenesin and eucalyptol. Centrally acting antitussives like benzonatate and noscapine specifically act on the medullary cough center to suppress coughing. Common side effects of expectorants and antitussives include dizziness, headache, upset stomach, and nausea.
Drugs Affecting Respiratory System
The document discusses drugs used to treat respiratory conditions like the common cold, allergies, asthma, and COPD. It describes the actions and side effects of various antihistamines (sedating like Benadryl and non-sedating like Claritin), decongestants, expectorants, bronchodilators like albuterol, leukotriene inhibitors like Singulair, and inhaled or oral corticosteroids. Treatment approaches are outlined for varying severities of asthma using these drug classes in a stepwise approach. COPD treatments include long-acting bronchodilators, anticholinergics like Atrovent, and oral medications like Theophylline.
Chapter 7 Presentation
This document summarizes information about antihistamines, antitussives, and decongestants. Antihistamines are used for allergy symptoms like runny nose and sneezing. They work by blocking histamine receptors. Antitussives suppress coughs, and come in liquid and cough drop forms. Decongestants reduce nasal congestion by narrowing blood vessels in the nasal passages. All of these medicines come in over-the-counter forms like tablets, liquids, and sprays. They can cause side effects like drowsiness and increased blood pressure if not used as directed.
NurseReview.Org - Antihistamines (Clinical Pharmacology)
The document discusses various drugs used to treat symptoms of respiratory illnesses like the common cold. Antihistamines block the effects of histamine to reduce symptoms like runny nose and sneezing. Nasal decongestants constrict blood vessels in the nasal passages to relieve congestion. Antitussives suppress the cough reflex for nonproductive coughs. Expectorants thin mucus making it easier to cough up. Treatment is aimed at relieving symptoms rather than curing the underlying illness.
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Respiratoy drugs outline
The document discusses various drugs used to treat respiratory conditions like asthma, allergies, cough, and congestion. It covers the mechanisms and effects of bronchodilators, anti-inflammatory agents, antihistamines, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics. Key points include how these drugs work to relax airways, reduce inflammation, block histamine receptors, constrict blood vessels in the nose, suppress cough reflexes, thin mucus, and make secretions easier to remove.
Antitussive
This document discusses the pharmacotherapy of cough. It begins by describing cough as a protective reflex mechanism and identifies the main types as productive or dry. It then classifies drugs that can induce cough and those used to treat it, including antitussives to suppress the cough center, mucolytics to reduce mucus viscosity, and adjuvants like antihistamines and bronchodilators. Specific drugs are discussed for each category, noting their mechanisms of action, effects, side effects, and appropriate uses. Non-pharmacological approaches like hydration, steam inhalation are also mentioned. The summary emphasizes treating the underlying cause while providing symptomatic relief through suppressing cough, reducing mucus, or opening airways.
Respiratory system pharmacology
This document summarizes information about the respiratory system pharmacology, focusing on bronchial asthma and cough remedies. It defines bronchial asthma as a common chronic inflammatory airway disease characterized by variable and recurring symptoms of reversible airflow obstruction and bronchospasm. It then discusses asthma symptoms, treatment including first aid and drugs like bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory medications like corticosteroids, leukotriene antagonists, and mast cell stabilizers. The document also defines cough remedies and discusses treatment of productive coughs with mucolytics and expectorants and dry coughs with antitussives like narcotic cough suppressants, antihistamines, and demulcents.
Cough suppressants & expectorants
This document discusses cough suppressants and expectorants. It describes how cough is either productive in expelling secretions or nonproductive and should be suppressed. It then covers the mechanisms of cough and different types of drugs used to treat cough, including demulcents, expectorants, mucolytics, antitussives, bronchodilators, and antihistamines. The main classes of drugs are described along with their mechanisms of action and side effects.
Pharmacotherapy of cough
This document discusses the pharmacotherapy of cough. It defines cough and describes the cough reflex mechanism. It classifies drugs for treating cough into categories - antitussives to suppress cough, expectorants to increase mucus secretion, and mucolytics to reduce mucus viscosity. Specific drugs discussed include codeine, dextromethorphan, guaifenesin, acetylcysteine, and bromhexine. Adjuvant treatments like antihistamines, bronchodilators, steam inhalation and hydration are also covered. The document emphasizes treating the underlying cause of cough and provides a targeted treatment approach based on the cause.
PHARMA- DRUGS FOR RESPIRATORY DISORDERS
The document discusses various drugs used for treating conditions affecting the upper respiratory tract such as cough, nasal congestion, and allergies. It covers categories of drugs like antitussives, decongestants, antihistamines, expectorants, and mucolytics. It also discusses the actions, indications, cautions, adverse effects and nursing considerations for drugs in each category.
Drugs acting on respiratory system
This document discusses drugs that affect the respiratory system, including the upper and lower respiratory tracts. It covers antihistamines, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and bronchodilators. Antihistamines work by blocking histamine receptors, relieving allergy symptoms. Decongestants constrict blood vessels in the nasal passages to relieve stuffiness. Antitussives suppress the cough reflex. Expectorants thin mucus making it easier to cough up. Bronchodilators relax airway smooth muscle to dilate the bronchioles and make breathing easier. The document discusses the mechanisms, effects, uses, and side effects of these drug classes in treating common conditions like col
Cough
This document discusses drug therapy for cough. It classifies drugs as acting peripherally, centrally, or both. Peripherally acting drugs include demulcents, expectorants, and mucolytics. Demulcents coat receptors in the throat to reduce cough. Expectorants increase bronchial secretions making them easier to cough up. Mucolytics thin mucus. Centrally acting drugs raise the cough center threshold, mainly for dry cough. Codeine is the standard antitussive but others include pholcodeine and dextromethorphan. Benzonatate acts both centrally and peripherally to suppress cough.
Bronchodilator drugs
Bronchodilator drugs work by relaxing the muscles in the airways to open breathing passages. There are three main types of bronchodilators: beta-adrenergic bronchodilators, anticholinergic bronchodilators, and xanthine derivatives. Each works through a different mechanism to dilate the bronchial airways. Common side effects among the drug types include dry mouth, headache, nausea, and difficulty breathing. Nurses monitor patients' vital signs and educate them on proper inhaler use when prescribing bronchodilators.
Drug acting on the respiratory system
Bronchodilators relax smooth muscle in the respiratory tract to open airways and decrease airflow resistance. Albuterol sulfate is a common bronchodilator that works by stimulating beta2 receptors to cause bronchodilation and vasodilation. It is used to prevent and relieve bronchoconstriction in patients with reversible obstructive airway disease. Expectorants like Robitussin work by enhancing respiratory tract fluid output to thin mucus and promote coughing up of mucus plugs. Antitussives like codeine act on the cough center in the brain to suppress coughing and allow for rest, though they do not stop coughs completely. Both expectorants and antitussives can cause side
Respiratory system
Cough is a protective reflex that expels secretions or particles from the airways. Antitussives suppress the cough center in the central nervous system and reduce cough reflex. Opioids like codeine and non-opioids like dextromethorphan are common antitussives. Expectorants increase bronchial secretions to facilitate removal of mucus while coughing. Asthma is characterized by airway inflammation and constriction. Bronchodilators such as salbutamol and corticosteroids are used to treat asthma. Salbutamol is a short-acting beta-2 agonist that causes bronchodilation. Corticosteroids reduce inflammation and prevent exacerbations.
Antitussives
Codeine is a commonly used antitussive (cough suppressant) that works by raising the stimulus threshold of the cough center in the brain. It is effective at reducing coughs by 40-60% compared to placebos. Codeine is also a mild opioid analgesic. Other antitussives include dextromethorphan (non-opioid), expectorants like guaifenesin to loosen mucus, and mucolytics like acetylcysteine that work to liquefy mucus in the respiratory tract.
Pharmacotherapy of Cough & Bronchial asthma
This document discusses the pharmacotherapy of cough and bronchial asthma. It begins by describing the etiology and types of cough, as well as the cough reflex process. It then covers the types of drugs used to treat cough, including expectorants, mucolytics, antitussives, and pharyngeal demulcents. The mechanisms and examples of each drug type are provided. The document also discusses the pathophysiology and classification of drugs used to treat bronchial asthma, including bronchodilators, leukotriene receptor antagonists, glucocorticoids, and monoclonal antibodies. The mechanisms and examples of the major drug classes used for asthma treatment are summarized.
5. drugs acting in respiratory system
This document discusses drugs that act on the respiratory system. It covers categories like anti-tussives, expectorants, and drugs for conditions like asthma and tuberculosis. It describes the mechanisms and types of cough, including productive and non-productive cough. It then examines the mechanisms, classifications, and examples of different drug classes for treating cough and related conditions, including anti-tussives like codeine; expectorants that liquefy secretions; mucolytics; antihistamines; bronchodilators; and demulcents for the throat. It notes important considerations like adverse effects and contraindications for these drug classes.
Drugs for the respiratory system 6
This document discusses drugs used for respiratory infections. It describes three types of medications: antibiotics like Cipro which kill bacteria, antihistamines like Allegra which block histamine during allergies, and antitussives like Hycodan which relieve coughing. Cipro treats bacterial infections by stopping bacterial growth but not viruses. Allegra works by blocking histamine in allergic reactions. Hycodan contains hydrocodone to suppress coughing and homatropine as an anticholinergic. All drugs can cause side effects like dizziness, drowsiness, nausea and constipation.
Antitussive drugs
This document discusses various agents used to treat cough. It begins by describing the pathophysiology of cough and differentiating between acute, chronic, and subacute cough. It then categorizes cough medications as peripherally or centrally acting. Peripherally acting medications include demulcents, mucosal anesthetics, bronchodilators, expectorants, and miscellaneous agents. Centrally acting medications include opioid/narcotics and non-opioid/non-narcotics. Specific medications are discussed under each category along with their mechanisms of action, pharmacokinetics, indications, and side effects. The document provides detailed information on commonly used antitussive medications to treat cough.
14drugs acting on respiratory system expectorants, respiratory stimulants
This document discusses various drugs used for treating cough and facilitating removal of respiratory secretions. It describes antitussives/cough suppressants such as codeine, dextromethorphan and noscapine which act centrally to suppress cough reflex. It also discusses expectorants like potassium iodide, ammonium chloride and bromhexine which increase production or decrease viscosity of bronchial secretions to aid in coughing up mucus. The document provides details on mechanisms of action, uses, doses and side effects of these antitussive and expectorant drugs.
Drug Prescriptions
The document discusses medications used to treat respiratory system issues. It describes antihistamines which block histamine released during allergies and relieve symptoms like congestion. Bronchodilators relax bronchial tube muscles to treat asthma and come in short-acting forms for emergencies and long-acting daily use. Decongestants reduce stuffiness throughout the respiratory system by drying mucus rather than blocking histamine, and natural options include exercise and caffeine.
Expectorants and antitussives
This document discusses expectorants and antitussives, which are drugs used to treat cough. Expectorants aid in relieving congestion in the lower respiratory tract and help remove mucus, while antitussives suppress the cough reflex. Expectorants are classified as sedatives like acetylcysteine and bromhexine hydrochloride, or stimulants/irritants like guaifenesin and eucalyptol. Centrally acting antitussives like benzonatate and noscapine specifically act on the medullary cough center to suppress coughing. Common side effects of expectorants and antitussives include dizziness, headache, upset stomach, and nausea.
Drugs Affecting Respiratory System
The document discusses drugs used to treat respiratory conditions like the common cold, allergies, asthma, and COPD. It describes the actions and side effects of various antihistamines (sedating like Benadryl and non-sedating like Claritin), decongestants, expectorants, bronchodilators like albuterol, leukotriene inhibitors like Singulair, and inhaled or oral corticosteroids. Treatment approaches are outlined for varying severities of asthma using these drug classes in a stepwise approach. COPD treatments include long-acting bronchodilators, anticholinergics like Atrovent, and oral medications like Theophylline.
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14drugs acting on respiratory system expectorants, respiratory stimulants
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Similar to Chapter 7 presentation
Chapter 7 Presentation
This document summarizes information about antihistamines, antitussives, and decongestants. Antihistamines are used for allergy symptoms like runny nose and sneezing. They work by blocking histamine receptors. Antitussives suppress coughs, and come in liquid and cough drop forms. Decongestants reduce nasal congestion by narrowing blood vessels in the nasal passages. All of these medicines come in over-the-counter forms like tablets, liquids, and sprays. They can cause side effects like drowsiness and increased blood pressure if not used as directed.
NurseReview.Org - Antihistamines (Clinical Pharmacology)
The document discusses various drugs used to treat symptoms of respiratory illnesses like the common cold. Antihistamines block the effects of histamine to reduce symptoms like runny nose and sneezing. Nasal decongestants constrict blood vessels in the nasal passages to relieve congestion. Antitussives suppress the cough reflex for nonproductive coughs. Expectorants thin mucus making it easier to cough up. Treatment is aimed at relieving symptoms rather than curing the underlying illness.
Cough ans Cold remedies
This document discusses common cold and cough remedies. It describes symptoms of colds and recommends rest, fluids, pain relievers. It then discusses various classes of medications used to treat cold symptoms - antihistamines, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics. It provides examples of specific drugs in each class and notes their effects and side effects. It also discusses combination remedies and cautions about cough medicine abuse when taking higher than recommended doses.
Brand Name Drugs
Allegra is an antihistamine that treats hay fever and hives by blocking the effects of histamine. It comes in tablet and liquid form, and should be taken once or twice a day as prescribed. Common side effects include headache, diarrhea, and cough.
Ventolin is a bronchodilator prescribed to prevent and treat asthma symptoms. It comes as a liquid inhaled via nebulizer or as an inhaler, and is used as needed or before exercise to relax airways. Side effects may include shaking, headache, and chest pain.
Robitussin is an expectorant taken by mouth as tablets, capsules, or liquid to thin mucus and ease coughs.
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Asthma is a chronic condition that affects the airways in the lungs. When asthma occurs, the airways become inflamed and swollen, making them very sensitive and causing the muscles around the airways to tighten. This causes symptoms like wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and trouble breathing. There are different levels of asthma severity ranging from mild to severe based on symptoms. Medications can help control asthma symptoms and prevent attacks. It is important for dental patients with asthma to take their medications as prescribed and for dental staff to take steps to minimize triggers.
Name monalisa mohapatra(asthma inhaler )
Asthma inhalers deliver medication directly to the lungs to ease asthma symptoms. There are several types of inhalers that use different mechanisms to administer drugs. Metered dose inhalers spray medication from a canister while dry powder inhalers require deep inhalation to trigger a dose. Inhalers contain drugs like steroids to reduce inflammation and bronchodilators to open airways. While generally safe, inhalers can potentially cause side effects like throat irritation if high doses are used long-term without proper technique.
Chapter 7 respiratory system pharmacology
The document summarizes information about several medications used in the respiratory system:
- Allegra is an antihistamine that works by blocking histamine to relieve symptoms of allergies such as sneezing and itchy eyes. Side effects can include cough and stomach upset.
- Hycodan is an antitussive containing hydrocodone and homatropine to suppress coughs caused by colds. It should only be used short-term due to risk of overdose and side effects like nausea.
- Flonase is a corticosteroid nasal spray used to reduce inflammation in the nose from conditions like sinusitis or polyps. It has minimal side effects like a burning sensation or dryness in
allergic rhinitis.pdf
This document summarizes information about allergic rhinitis (hay fever). It discusses the causes and symptoms, which include sneezing, runny nose, and itchy eyes. It describes the two main types - seasonal and perennial - and notes that symptoms last as long as exposure to the allergen continues. Treatment options covered include steroid and antihistamine nasal sprays, oral antihistamines like Claritin and Zyrtec, and potential drug interactions to be aware of with these medications. Food interactions are also summarized, such as avoiding grapefruit juice with fexofenadine.
Pharmacology chapter No 7 full notes.pdf
Definition, classification, pharmacological actions, dose,
indications, and contraindications of
Bronchodilators
Expectorants
Anti-tussive agents
Mucolytic agents
Drug allergy
A drug allergy occurs when the immune system mistakenly identifies a drug as harmful and launches an allergic reaction. Common symptoms include rash, hives, difficulty breathing, and anaphylaxis in severe cases. While any drug can potentially cause an allergy, certain medications like antibiotics, anti-inflammatories, and chemotherapy drugs are more likely to trigger allergic responses. Avoiding the culprit drug is the best prevention strategy, and antihistamines, corticosteroids, bronchodilators, or epinephrine may be necessary to treat symptoms.
Anti prescription drugs
The document discusses prescription drugs, over-the-counter drugs, and several specific medications. It notes that prescription drugs are prescribed by doctors but can be addictive, while over-the-counter drugs do not require a prescription but may also cause addiction. Commonly abused prescription drugs include opioids and stimulants, while abused over-the-counter drugs include cough syrup and pain relievers. The document also provides details on the antibiotic amoxicillin, the antihistamine Zymine, and the antitussive Solotuss, describing their uses, side effects, and dosing. It concludes that prescription drugs are more potent but that both types of drugs can be addictive and have side effects.
OVER THE COUNTER SALE_ RDP_PHARMACY PRACTICE
OTC drugs are medications that can be purchased without a prescription. They include analgesics, cough and cold medicines, antacids, and topical products. OTC drugs are considered low risk but can still interact with other medications or cause side effects if misused. Pharmacists play an important role in counseling patients on the safe use of OTC drugs through open-ended questions to understand medical history and current medications, then providing instructions on proper dosage, administration, storage, and potential drug interactions. While convenient, OTC drugs still require guidance to ensure safe self-medication.
How to Control Asthma Attacks?
Find out the ways to managing your asthma so you can feel better and manage long-term asthma control, prevent asthma attacks and more.
Chapter 7 presentation - Veronica Martinez
This document summarizes information about three common types of drugs used to treat respiratory conditions: corticosteroids, antihistamines, and expectorants. It provides details on specific drugs from each class - Flonase (fluticasone) for corticosteroids, Allegra (fexofenadine) for antihistamines, and Robitussin (dextromethorphan) for expectorants. For each drug, it outlines its uses, how it should be taken, and common side effects. The presentation provides an overview of these three classes of drugs and three exemplar medications to inform about treating respiratory issues.
ANTIHISTAMINES, NASAL DECONGESTANTS AND DRUGS FOR COUGH.pptx
This document discusses various drugs used for antihistamines, nasal decongestants, and cough including their mechanisms of action, examples, doses, indications, contraindications and adverse effects. It covers four types of antihistamines from highly to non-sedative. Nasal decongestants work by vasoconstriction while expectorants increase bronchial secretions or reduce viscosity to make cough production easier. Precautions include use in asthma, elderly patients and rebound congestion with prolonged decongestant use.
Untitled document.pdf
I. Introduction
It’s always a good idea to have essential medicine on hand at home. Having a well-stocked medicine cabinet can save you time and help you feel better faster in the event of minor health issues. It’s especially important to be prepared for minor health issues during cold and flu season, or if you or a family member has allergies.
Common Medicines & Medical Supplies at Home
English Vocabulary for Common Medicines & Medical supplies found in every medicine cabinet and First-Aid Kit
Similar to Chapter 7 presentation (20)
NurseReview.Org - Antihistamines (Clinical Pharmacology)
NurseReview.Org - Antihistamines (Clinical Pharmacology)
ANTIHISTAMINES, NASAL DECONGESTANTS AND DRUGS FOR COUGH.pptx
ANTIHISTAMINES, NASAL DECONGESTANTS AND DRUGS FOR COUGH.pptx
Chapter 7 presentation
- 1. Chapter 7 presentationDrug Prescriptions Antihistamines Antitussives Decongestants
- 2. Antihistamines Antihistamines are a type of drug medicine used for allergies and hay fever symptoms such as: Runny nose / itchy nose Sneezing Watery eye
- 3. Antihistamines Many Antihistamines are available over the counter and come in many forms: Nasal spray Tablet Liquid forms
- 4. Antihistamines Some examples of brand name Antihistamines are the following:
- 5. Antihistamines How do they work? The histamine from the medication acts as a competitive inhibitor and blocks the histamine from binding to the histamine’s receptor site to cause allergy like symptoms.
- 6. Antihistamines Precautions Avoid alcohol, sedatives, tranquilizers or any drug that may cause drowsiness. Do not use if breastfeeding, have narrow-angle glaucoma or have allergies to Antihistamines Side Effects Drowsiness, dry mouth, urine retention and blurred vision
- 7. Antitussives Type of drug medicine used to suppress and relieve cough symptoms such as the following: Dry cough (cough suppressant) Coughs with phlegm (cough exportant)
- 8. Antitussives Many Antitussives are available over the counter and come in mostly two forms: Liquid Cough drops
- 9. Antitussives Some examples of brand name Antitussives are the following:
- 10. Antitussives Precautions Can cause complications for people who have asthma, heart failure, high blood pressure, glaucoma or enlarged prostate Don’t overuse! Some products contain alcohol Side Effects Drowsiness
- 11. Decongestants Decongestants are a type of drug medicine to reduce nasal congestion symptoms such as the following: Watery eyes Stuffy head and nose
- 12. Decongestants Many Decongestants are available over the counter and come in the following forms: Liquid capsules Liquid Nasal spray
- 13. Decongestants Some examples of brand name decongestants are the following:
- 14. Decongestants How do they work? Reduce nasal decongestion by narrowing blood vessels and reduce blood flow to nasal passage
- 15. Decongestants Precautions Use only as temporary relief. Longer than needed use can cause worse congestion Individuals should not use if have high blood pressure, coronary heart disease or narrow-angle glaucoma Side Effects May increase blood pressure, swell nasal passage with overuse, cause difficulty sleeping