Chapter 6 After, before, when
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This document introduces and provides examples of using the time conjunctions "when", "after", and "before" in spoken and written English. It explains that these conjunctions are used to describe the chronological order of events. Some key points: - "When" refers to events happening simultaneously or immediately after another. - "Before" connects one event that occurs prior to another. - "After" joins clauses where a period of time has passed or an event has ended before another begins. - Examples are given like "Before sleeping, it is better to relax" and "When drinking water, don't gulp it down." - Rules are provided for using subordinate clauses with these conjunctions
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3) Other ways to express future tense include using the present and present progressive tenses when referring to schedules.
4) The future progressive and future perfect tenses are also discussed as ways to describe events that will be ongoing or completed at some point in the future.
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1) The past continuous tense describes an action that was ongoing or in progress at a specific time in the past. It uses the structure of was/were + verb+ing.
2) It is used to describe actions that were interrupted by other actions in the simple past tense or by specific times.
3) It can also describe two parallel ongoing actions happening simultaneously in the past.
4) It is sometimes used to describe the atmosphere or setting at a past time by listing several ongoing parallel actions.
5) With words like "always" or "constantly", it expresses irritation with repetitive ongoing past actions.
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- 1. CHAPTER 6 Before You Get III PATHWAY TO ENGLISH 3 untuk SMA/MA Kelas XII Kelompok Peminatan Ilmu-Ilmu Bahasa dan Budaya Page 79
- 2. Introduce to the use of time conjunctions when, after, and before in spoken and written texts. after before when
- 3. ‘After’, ‘Before’, and ‘When’ The conjunction ‘after’, ‘before’, and ‘when’ are time conjunction which are used to explain and give information about the chronological order of activities. For examples : • Before sleeping, it is better to pray. • After finishing your homework, you had better sleep. • When drinking water, you’d better not gulp it down. Page 91
- 4. • When is used to talk about two things that are happening at the same time or immediately after the first action. The length of time is not important. • Before is used to join one clause after another. ‘Before’ and the subordinate clause can come before or after the main clause. • After is used to connect two clauses, when a particular time has passed or when an event or action has ended. It also shows how much later something happens. Page 83
- 5. Example : Before sleeping, it is better to relax your mind. After doing exercise, don’t eat a meal. When drinking water, you’d better not gulp it down. After Before When Verb-ing, Main clause After Before When Subordinate clause, Main clause
- 6. When, after, and before are time conjunctions in a subordinate clause. A subordinate clause can either precede or follow its main clause. The simple rules for when, after, and before are : • If the subordinate clause precedes teh main clause, separate the two clauses with a comma. Example: After he consumed fruit for his diet, he claimed that all of his problems went away. • If the subordinate clause follows the main clause, no comma is usually needed. Example: Avoid eating too much before you do exercise. Page 86
- 7. The past perfect tense expresses the idea that something occured before another action in the past. It can also show that something happened before a specific time in the past. OR Page 89 The past perfect tense before The simple past tense The simple past tense after The past perfect tense Before The simple past tense The past perfect tense After The past perfect tense The simple past tense
- 8. EXERCISE: Complete these sentences with your own sentences. One has been done for you as an example. Ex : Misca lost a lot of weight after she had done some exercise regularly for two months. 1. Before........., I had locked the door. 2. ...........after the storm was disappeared. 3. Before I used this shampoo, ................ 4. After..........., I had a terrible stomachache. 5. Why did you left me without telling me after.........
- 9. ANSWER 1. Before I left my home, I had locked the door. 2. The sky had been clear after the storm was disappeared. 3. Before I used this shampoo, I had opened the shampoo bottle cap. 4. After I had eaten many spicy food, I had a terrible stomachache. 5. Why did you left me without telling me after I had accompany you for 3 hours at boulevard. Page 89 www.inggrisonline.com/50-contoh-kalimat-past-perfect-tense-beserta-artinya/
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