Chapter 42 Poetry in Motion: Tchaikovsky and the Ballet
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This document provides an overview of the Russian composer Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky, including biographical details and descriptions of some of his major works. It notes that Tchaikovsky studied at the St. Petersburg Conservatory of Music and taught at the Moscow Conservatory. While he was not accepted into the Russian Five group, his compositions like The Nutcracker, Swan Lake, and his First Piano Concerto remain popular today. The document is from a lecture presentation on music appreciation.
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The document discusses the impact of the Enlightenment on music. During this period, composers like Gluck sought to simplify musical expression. Public concerts also emerged as the middle class could now afford entertainment. Haydn invented new forms like the symphony and string quartet that engaged audiences. The Baroque era preceded the Classical period and featured composers such as Bach and Handel who pioneered new styles. The Classical period saw major composers like Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven who embraced new structural clarity and emotional expression in their landmark symphonies, operas, and other works.
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The document provides an overview of instrumental music from the Romantic period. It discusses how Romantic music featured freedom, creativity, emotion, and experimentation compared to the strict rules of Classical music. New forms emerged such as the symphonic poem, art song, nocturne, etude, and polonaise. It also profiles several influential Romantic composers such as Chopin, Liszt, Berlioz, Schumann, Mendelssohn, and Saint-Saens, highlighting their contributions to instrumental music through genres like piano miniatures, symphonic poems, and marches.
Filipino - ppt reporting--bagay ni San diego
Romanticism was a movement in which artists sought to express emotion in new ways. The document discusses 7 composers from the Romantic period: Niccolo Paganini, Frederic Chopin, Franz Liszt, Robert Schumann, Hector Berlioz, Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky, and Camille Saint-Saens. It provides biographical details and lists key works for each composer within the genres of violin and strings music, piano music, and program music. The objective is to classify the role of composers and their works in the Romantic period and discuss their significance.
Felix Mendelssohn pre concert introduction-rovick
Drafted this presentation for a brief talk that I gave prior to a concert featuring pieces by Felix Mendelssohn.
4 -classical period
The Classical Era spanned from 1750-1825. Some key events included the American Revolution, French Revolution, and Napoleon crowning himself emperor of France. Famous classical artists and composers worked during this time, including Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven. The Classical style was characterized by balance, clarity, and emotion expressed through form and instrumentation rather than lyrics. Major musical forms that developed included the symphony, sonata, and string quartet.
Chapter 26 - Romantic choral, chamber and orchestral
MUS 3032 Music History III
Dr. Alicia Wallace
Department of Music
Southeastern Oklahoma State University
Toynbee Theatre Pamphlet_draft3
The document summarizes the history of performing arts at Toynbee Hall in London from its founding to the 1980s. It describes how performing art classes in singing, violin, and other arts initially helped form arts societies and unions. During World War 2, classes continued and festivals were held to provide therapy and order for residents during the bombings. After the war, the drama school regained momentum but funding cuts led to the theatre's closure from 1959-1964. The theatre reopened and continued promoting experimental arts until 1984 when a new organization leased the space to further Toynbee's legacy of being an arts lab.
lesson1vocalmusiccomposers-190121081121 (1).pptx
The document summarizes vocal music of the Romantic period from 1820-1910 and profiles famous opera composers from that era. It notes that romantic vocal forms like art songs and operas featured fantasy, the supernatural, romance, and using nature as a reflection of the human heart. It then provides brief biographies and lists of famous works for five major opera composers from this period: Franz Schubert, Giuseppe Verdi, Giacomo Puccini, Richard Wagner, and Georges Bizet. Their operas helped establish new forms of expression and pushed the boundaries of vocal performance.
Music 9 lesson #2 romantic period composers
Frederic Chopin was a Polish composer born in 1810 who was renowned as the "Poet of the Piano" for his elegant and melodic piano compositions. He died of tuberculosis at age 39. Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky was a Russian composer born in 1840 who is known for his symphonies, ballets such as Swan Lake and The Nutcracker, and the piece Romeo and Juliet. Franz Liszt was a Hungarian composer born in 1811 who was a brilliant pianist and made contributions such as inventing the symphonic poem. He died in Germany in 1886.
Wk 6 the long 17th c entury, vocal music of the early baroque, invention of...
The Baroque era saw the development of opera, beginning with works like Peri's Dafne and Euridice in the late 1500s. These works featured monody (a solo vocal line with instrumental accompaniment), which helped express the emotions of the text. Monteverdi further advanced the genre with his 1607 opera Orfeo, considered one of the first masterworks of the operatic form. Orfeo expanded on Peri's style with a wider variety of musical numbers. It helped establish opera as a major art form of the Baroque era.
Ch17 late 17th century italy & germany
Italy and Germany had diverse and vibrant musical cultures in the late 17th century. In Italy, opera was the dominant genre, centered in Venice, with increasing numbers of da capo arias. Instrumental forms like the sonata and concerto flourished, particularly thanks to composers like Corelli. Germany drew on Italian and French influences while maintaining native styles. Lutheran church music incorporated both older polyphony and newer concerted styles, with Buxtehude and Pachelbel composing influential organ works during this period.
20th Century Music.pdf
This document provides lecture notes on 20th century art music between 1900-2000. It covers major events between World Wars I and II and how they impacted music. Key developments included the rise of atonality led by Schoenberg and his 12-tone system, as well as growing use of electronic and experimental music. Major composers discussed include Stravinsky, Berg, Webern, Britten, and American composers influenced by European émigrés. The document also examines the impact of technology on music through recordings, synthesis, and indeterminacy in composition.
Similar to Chapter 42 Poetry in Motion: Tchaikovsky and the Ballet (20)
Ch16 17th century france, england, spain, new world
Ch16 17th century france, england, spain, new world
Chapter 26 - Romantic choral, chamber and orchestral
Chapter 26 - Romantic choral, chamber and orchestral
Wk 6 the long 17th c entury, vocal music of the early baroque, invention of...
Wk 6 the long 17th c entury, vocal music of the early baroque, invention of...
More from Laura Riddle
CHAPTER 54 WILLIAMS
The document discusses the role of music in films. It begins by explaining how music sets the mood, reflects emotions, and establishes time and place. There are two main types of music: underscoring from an unseen source, and source music that is part of the story. John Williams is discussed as a master film composer, particularly for his work on Star Wars, where he used leitmotifs to represent characters across multiple films. His Imperial March theme for Darth Vader is highlighted as an iconic example of his ability to create memorable themes that capture the essence of a character.
Chapters 55 & 57 MINIMALISM
The document discusses minimalism in American music and its development into post-minimalism. It covers key composers such as Philip Glass, Steve Reich, Terry Riley, and John Adams. Glass is discussed in depth, including his symphony No. 4 (Heroes) which was inspired by and based on songs from David Bowie's album of the same name. Adams' opera Doctor Atomic is also summarized, which depicts the creation of the atomic bomb and raises complex moral questions.
CHAPTER 53 Bernstein
Leonard Bernstein was an American composer who achieved fame for his musical West Side Story. The musical was a modern adaptation of Romeo and Juliet, featuring warring street gangs in 1950s New York City. It had groundbreaking choreography and incorporated elements of jazz, Latin, and early rock music. West Side Story was an instant success with audiences in 1957 and its 1961 film adaptation further increased its popularity, though it was also controversial for depicting violence and stereotypes. Two famous musical excerpts are highlighted: "Dance at the Gym, Mambo" featuring the energetic meeting of main characters Tony and Maria, and the love duet "Tonight" featuring the gangs singing in alternation over Latin rhythms.
Chapters 51 & 52 Cage - Crumb
Experimental music developed in America in the mid-20th century. Composers explored new techniques like serialism, musique concrète using recorded sounds, and electronic music produced with oscillators. John Cage was influential with his prepared piano, chance music, and 4'33" of silence. George Crumb composed expressive works featuring unusual instruments and extended techniques like flutter-tonguing. His Caballito negro set a Lorca poem for soprano with percussion and piccolo.
PRELUDE 7 Beyond Modernism?
The document discusses postmodernism in art, literature, film, and music from the 1950s onward. Some key points:
1. Postmodernism embraced new means of expression like chance music, popular elements, and collage techniques.
2. In visual art, abstract expressionism was popular in the 1950s-60s, while pop art drew from modern urban themes.
3. New technologies in the 1940s-50s like tape recording and synthesizers helped launch electronic music genres like musique concrète and elektronische musik.
CHAPTER 49 COPLAND
Aaron Copland (1900-1990) was an American composer known for developing an "American" orchestral sound. His most famous work, Appalachian Spring, was composed in 1945 as a ballet score depicting pioneer life in rural Pennsylvania. It features the Shaker tune "Simple Gifts" and depicts the emotions of a bride and farmer. The work is performed as an orchestral suite divided into seven sections, including a tranquil opening and variations of "Simple Gifts" featuring different instruments. Copland's style drew on American vernacular music like jazz and folk tunes while maintaining classical structure. His works helped establish a national pride in American music.
Chapters 46 & 47 Holiday & Still
The document summarizes the roots and development of jazz and blues music in America. It discusses how jazz and blues originated from a fusion of West African, European, and American folk musical traditions. Key figures like Louis Armstrong and Billie Holiday are profiled for their innovations in early jazz. The era of bebop and cool jazz is also outlined, which featured developments led by musicians like Dizzy Gillespie, Charlie Parker, and Miles Davis. Additionally, the document covers the Harlem Renaissance period and the contributions of composer William Grant Still to artistic expression during this time.
Chapter 45 Stravinsky
1. Igor Stravinsky was a Russian composer known for his ballets commissioned by Serge Diaghilev, including The Firebird, Petrushka, and The Rite of Spring.
2. The Rite of Spring premiered in 1913 to a riotous audience unaccustomed to its dissonant and avant-garde style, which featured polytonality, irregular rhythm, and primitive themes.
3. The work was a fully integrated multimedia spectacle involving innovative choreography by Vaslav Nijinsky and experimental stage designs by Nicholas Roerich for Diaghilev's Ballets Russes dance company.
Prelude 6 - Modernism
The pace of change in music increased dramatically in the 20th century. Composers created new approaches to musical elements and incorporated influences from various cultures. Audio technology expanded greatly over the century, increasing access to music. Diversity became more appreciated and globalization connected cultures musically. Modernist styles like Impressionism, Expressionism, and Cubism influenced early 20th century composers to experiment with rhythm, melody, harmony, and timbre in new ways, rejecting traditional structures.
Classicism VS. Romanticism
Classicism values reason and order, appealing to rational taste, while Romanticism embraces emotion, individualism, and the sense of mystery and awe. Romantic artists seek the impossible and place high value on originality and genius. They are fascinated with nature, the past, and the transcendent and infinite possibilities of the human spirit. Romantic music in particular aims to communicate deep emotions through instrumental music and merge genres, as composers also became writers expressing themselves through both words and music.
Chapter 44 Debussy
1) The Impressionist movement in late 19th century French painting, with artists like Monet, influenced composers to translate visual impressions into sound.
2) Claude Debussy was a leading French composer who rejected traditional rules of harmony and sought to create new sounds, expanding harmonic language. His most famous work is the orchestral piece Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun.
3) Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun is based on a Symbolist poem and uses fluid, vague rhythms and chromaticism to depict the dream-like state of a faun. It helped establish Impressionist music through its use of subtle timbres, free form, and
Chapter 43 Tchaikovsky
1) During the Renaissance, choreographed dance was central to lavish court festivals and entertainments in countries like Italy, England, and France. Ballet emerged as an independent art form in the 18th century, particularly in France and Russia.
2) The document discusses Russian composer Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky, who wrote several famous ballets including Swan Lake, The Sleeping Beauty, and The Nutcracker.
3) The Nutcracker was based on a story by E.T.A. Hoffmann and was choreographed by Marius Petipa. It tells the story of a young girl who attends a Christmas party and dreams of a magical land.
Chapter 41 - Wagner
Richard Wagner was a German composer known for his operas and music dramas. He developed the concept of Gesamtkunstwerk, which aimed to synthesize poetry, music, architecture, and visual arts. Wagner's operas featured elaborate staging and sets. He also developed the use of leitmotifs, where recurring musical themes represented characters, objects, and ideas. The document discusses Wagner's life and career, provides an overview of his opera Die Walküre, and analyzes excerpts from the opera, including the famous "Ride of the Valkyries."
Chapter 40 Verdi
Giuseppe Verdi was an influential Italian opera composer known for works like Rigoletto. Some key characteristics of his operas included appealing melodies, intense dramatic situations, and innovations that sought to develop a national Italian style. Rigoletto in particular, based on a Victor Hugo play, tells a tragic tale of seduction, deceit and betrayal through musical excerpts like the Duke's famous aria "La donna è mobile" and a dramatic quartet. Verdi also composed his monumental Requiem and helped establish opera as one of the most popular art forms of the 19th century.
Chapters 38 & 39 Grieg & Dvorak NATIONALISM
This document discusses musical nationalism in 19th century Europe and the incorporation of folk traditions in art music. It covers Edvard Grieg and his incidental music for Peer Gynt which featured Norwegian folk melodies and dances. It also discusses Bedrich Smetana and his symphonic poem The Moldau, part of his cycle Ma Vlast which depicted scenes along the Moldau river in Bohemia. Musical nationalism arose across Europe as new nation states formed and transportation improvements allowed the spread of folk traditions.
Chapter 37 Personal Soundtracks
The document discusses Hector Berlioz and the development of program music in the Romantic era, focusing on Berlioz's Symphonie fantastique. Berlioz was an innovator who pioneered the program symphony and greatly expanded the capabilities of the orchestra. The Symphonie fantastique uses an "idée fixe" theme to represent Berlioz's obsession with actress Harriet Smithson through five movements that depict his dreams and visions under the influence of opium.
Chapters 35 & 42 Chopin & Brahms
The document discusses the development of the piano and romantic piano music. It describes how the piano was improved in the 19th century, becoming louder and more responsive. This allowed the emergence of virtuoso performers and salon music. Composers like Chopin and Schumann explored the technical capabilities and expressive potential of the piano through character pieces and short lyric works. A focus is placed on Chopin's études, particularly the Revolutionary Étude which musically depicted his distress over events in Poland.
Chapter 33 Musical Reading: Schubert & the Early Romantic Lied
Franz Schubert was a prolific composer of lieder (German art songs) in the early Romantic period. He composed over 600 songs, often setting poems by beloved German poets like Goethe to music. One of his most famous works is Erlkönig, a dramatic through-composed song based on a Goethe poem about a father, son, and the Erlking, a supernatural figure. Schubert skillfully sets the mood and characters through vocal ranges, dynamics, and shifts between major and minor keys. The piano accompaniment enhances the drama with constant triplet rhythms representing the horse's hooves. Schubert's lieder drew from both Classical and Romantic styles and were an important part of
Prelude 5 The Romantic Era
The document discusses the characteristics of Romantic era music between the late 18th and 19th centuries. It describes how Romantic composers were freed from conventional styles to compose more subjective and emotionally expressive works. Orchestras grew larger and incorporated new instruments. Program music which depicted stories or narratives also became popular. Composers began to draw on nationalist themes and folk music traditions. The role of musicians also changed as many came from the growing middle class and had opportunities to perform publicly and make a living from music.
Chapters 30 & 31 Beethoven
Beethoven represents a transition from classicism to romanticism in music. He expanded classical forms and increased the emotional expression and power in his music. Beethoven was born in Germany and studied with Haydn, going on to have a successful career as a composer in Vienna. He went deaf later in life but continued composing, producing masterworks including 9 symphonies, 32 piano sonatas, and the only opera he completed, Fidelio. His music is characterized by dynamic contrasts, motivic development, a sense of inevitability and drama, and a unique, fiery personality.
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Chapter 42 Poetry in Motion: Tchaikovsky and the Ballet
- 1. THE ENJOYMENT OF MUSIC ESSENTIAL LISTENING EDITION by Kristine Forney Andrew Dell’Antonio Joseph Machlis THIRD EDITION Lecture Slides
- 2. Ballet • During Renaissance, choreographed dance central to lavish festivals & theatrical entertainments at court • Intermedio, Italy; Masque, England; ballet de cour, France • Independent art form in 18th century • French ballet • Russian ballet • (Hoffer book)
- 3. Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1840-1893) • Born in Votinsk, Russia • Studied law, worked in Ministry of Justice until age 23 • Studied at St. Petersburg Conservatory of music with Anton Rubinstein • Taught music at Moscow Conservatory until age 37 when he retired to compose • One failed marriage, lived with brothers in St. Petersburg • Supported financially by Nadezhda von Meck, required they never meet • 1893-contracted cholera
- 4. Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1840-1893) • Toured Russia, London, Europe as guest conductor • Guest conductor with New York philharmonic for opening of Carnegie Hall • NOT accepted into Russian Five; believed to be too cosmopolitan and influenced by music of other nations be be a Russian nationalist • Suffered hatred because of his homosexuality; probably committed suicide at age 53
- 5. Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1840- 1893) • Some famous works – Opera: Eugene Onegin, The Queen of Spades, Mazeppa – Orchestral music: Ballets: Swan Lake, Sleeping Beauty, The Nutcracker; Overtures: Romeo and Juliet, 1812 Overture, March slav; 6 symphonies No. 2 Little Russian, No. 3 Polish, No. 5 Pathétique; Concertos: 3 piano, 1 violin; Miscellaneous: Capriccio italien, Capriccio espagnol
- 6. The Nutcracker • Popular every Christmas • Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wz_f9B4pPtg&li • Trepak – https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=qiiuN9eAy9Y&list=PLxgWBmUi9H8J7CBtFu0IM scEKuXXrrF0A&index=60
- 8. Piano Concerto No. 1 • https://www.youtube.com/watch? v=ItSJ_woWnmk&list=PLxgWBmUi9H8J7CBtFu 0IMscEKuXXrrF0A&index=61
- 9. by Kristine Forney Andrew Dell’Antonio Joseph Machlis Lecture Slides THIRD EDITION THE ENJOYMENT OF MUSIC ESSENTIAL LISTENING EDITION http://wwnorton.com/web/enjoyess2
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