This document outlines the syllabus for a structural analysis course. It will introduce basics of structural analysis for beams, trusses and frames as well as statically determinate and indeterminate structures. Students will learn to determine structural design loads. The course will include homework, quizzes, exams and a software component. Upon completing the course, students will understand structural analysis and load determination.

1. Introduction
Chapter1
Dr. Jinwoo An
Civil and Mechanical Engineering
ECE 340
Structural Analysis

2. 2
Goal
 Dr. An will be expected to:
1. Deliver engaging lectures which introduce, clarify, and integrate
course materials
2. Provide a wide-array of quality learning opportunities and
materials
3. Assign well-sculpted assignments, quizzes and exams materials
to enable you and I to know how well you are understanding
course material
 You will be expected to:
1. Put in the level of work you need to succeed in understanding
Structural Analysis
2. Tap into your existing intuition, strengths, and passion
3. Become an active participant in your Structural Analysis
education, taking full advantage of lectures, texts, homework,
office hours, your fellow students and everyday life!

3. 3
Course Description
 Upon completion of this course you will have:
1. Understand the basics of structural analysis for beams, trusses
and frames
2. Understand the basics of structural analysis for statically
determinate and indeterminate structures
3. Determine structural design load

4. 4
Grading
 Grading:
1. Homework (10%)
2. Quiz (20%)
3. Exam 1 (15%)
4. Exam 2 (15%)
5. Exam 3 (15%)
6. Exam 4 (15%)
7. Software (RISA-2D) (10%)
---------------------------------------------
Total (100%)

5. 5
Final Grade Distribution
Final Grade Distribution:
A 90 – 100 4.00
A- 87 – 89.9 3.75
B+ 84 – 86.9 3.25
B 81 – 83.9 3.00
B- 78 – 80.9 2.75
C+ 75 – 77.9 2.25
C 72 – 74.9 2.00
C- 69 – 71.9 1.75
D+ 66 – 68.9 1.25
D 63 – 65.9 1.00
D- 60 – 62.9 0.75
F 59.9 and below 0.00

6. Definitions
 The word structure has various meaning.
 By an engineering structure we mean roughly
a system of connected parts used to support a load.
 The principal structures of concern to civil engineers
are bridges, buildings, plants, walls, dams, towers,
shells, and cable structures.

7. Definitions

8. Classification of structures
 Such structures are composed of
one or more solid elements arranged so that the
whole structures as well as their components are
capable of holding themselves without
appreciable geometric change
during loading and unloading.

9. Structural Elements
 Tie Rods - slender members subjected to tension
(truss members, bracing struts, hangers, struts)
 Beams - members designed to resist bending
moment
 Columns - members that resist axial compressive
force
 Beam Columns - a column that also resists bending

10. Structural Elements
 Tie Rods - slender members subjected to tension
(truss members, bracing struts, hangers, struts)
Tie rods are used for cross bracing to
stiffen the roof of a building to resist wind
loads.

11. Structural Elements
 Beams - members designed to resist bending moment
The prestressed concrete girders are simply supported and are used for this highway bridge.

12. Structural Elements
 Columns - members that resist axial compressive force
 Beam Columns - a column that also resists bending
Wide-flange members are often used for columns. Here
is an example of a beam column.

13. Types of Structures
 Trusses - slender pin-connected members forming a
series of triangles
 Cables & Arches - carry tensile and compressive
loads, respectively
 Frames - composed of pin- or fixed-connected
beams and columns
 Surface Structures - thin membrane (ex. Dome)

14. Types of Structures
 Trusses - slender pin-connected members forming a
series of triangles

15. Types of Structures
 Cables & Arches - carry tensile and compressive loads,
respectively

16. Types of Structures
 Frames - composed of pin- or fixed-connected beams
and columns
Typical steel framework.

17. Types of Structures
 Surface Structures
The roof of the “Georgia Dome” in Atlanta, Georgia can
be considered as a thin membrane.

18. Analysis and Design of Structure
 The design of a structure involves many considerations,
among which are four major objectives that must be
satisfied:
 The structure must meet the performance requirement
(utility).
 The structure must carry loads safely (safety).
 The structure should be economical in material,
construction, and cost (economy).
 The structure should have a good appearance
(aesthetics).

19. Analysis and Design of Structure
 Consider, for example, the roof truss resting on
columns shown below.

20. Analysis and Design of Structure
 The purposes of the roof truss
and of the columns are, on the
one hand, to hold in equilibrium
their own weights, the load of
roof covering, and the wind and
snow
 Also to provide rooms for
housing a family, for a
manufacturing plant, or for other
uses
 During its development the
design is generally optimized to
achieve minimum expenditure
for materials and construction

21. Analysis and Design of Structure
 The complete design of a structure is outlined in the
following stages:
(1) Developing a general layout
(2) Investigating the loads
(3) Stress analysis
(4) Selection of elements
(5) Drawing and detailing
 These five stages are interrelated and may be
subdivided and modified
 In many cases they must be carried out more or less
simultaneously

22. Analysis and Design of Structure
(1) Developing a general layout
 The general layout of a structure is selected from many
possible alternatives.
 This stage involves the choice of structural type, the
selection of material, and a tentative estimation of cost
based on a reasonable analysis of a preliminary
structural design.
 It is clear that this stage of design calls for an engineer
with a high order of experience, skill, general
knowledge, and imagination

23. Analysis and Design of Structure
23

24. Analysis and Design of Structure
24

25. Analysis and Design of Structure
(2) Investigating the loads
 Before a refined structural analysis can be carried out,
it is necessary to determine the loads for which a given
structure should be designed.
 General information about the loads imposed on a
structure is usually given in the specifications and
codes.
 However, it is part of the designer's responsibility to
specify the load conditions and to take care of
exceptional cases.

26. Analysis and Design of Structure
(2) Investigating the loads
 Dead load
 Dead loads consist of the weights of the various structural
members and the weights of any objects that are
permanently attached to the structure.
 Live load
 Live loads are movable and consist of uniform building floor
loads, traffic and train loads on bridges, impact loads due to
vehicle and machine bouncing, wind loads, snow loads,
earthquake loads, and hydrostatic and soil pressure.

27. Analysis and Design of Structure
(2) Investigating the loads
 Dead load (ASCE, ACI, IBC, etc)

28. Analysis and Design of Structure

29. Analysis and Design of Structure
(2) Investigating the loads
 Live load (ASCE, AASHTO, IBC, etc)
 Building Loads
 Bridge Loads
 Wind Loads
 Snow Loads
 Earthquake Loads
 Other Natural Loads

30. Analysis and Design of Structure
(2) Investigating the loads
 Building Loads (ASCE)

31. Analysis and Design of Structure
(2) Investigating the loads
 Bridge Loads (AASHTO)
The American Association of State and Highway Transportation Officials

32. Analysis and Design of Structure
(2) Investigating the loads
 Wind Loads (AASHTO)
The American Association of State and Highway Transportation Officials

33. Analysis and Design of Structure
33

34. Analysis and Design of Structure

35. Analysis and Design of Structure
35

36. Analysis and Design of Structure
(2) Investigating the loads
 Snow Loads (ASCE)

37. Analysis and Design of Structure
(2) Investigating the loads
 Seismic Loads (IBC)

38. Analysis and Design of Structure
(3) Stress analysis
 Once the basic form of the structure and the external
loads are defined, a structural analysis can be made to
determine the internal forces in various members of
the structure and the displacements at some
controlling points.
 When live loads are involved, it is important to
determine the maximum possible stresses in each
member being considered.
 The principles governing this phase of design are
usually discussed in the theory of structures

39. Analysis and Design of Structure
39

40. Analysis and Design of Structure
40

41. Analysis and Design of Structure
(4) Selection of elements
 The selection of suitable sizes and shapes of
members and their connections depends on
the results of the stress analysis together with
the design provisions of the specifications or codes
 A trial-and-error approach may be used in the search
for a proportioning of elements that will be both
economical and adequate
 A sound knowledge of strength of material and process
of fabrication is also essential

42. Analysis and Design of Structure
EGN 3310 - Statics 42

43. Analysis and Design of Structure
43

44. Analysis and Design of Structure
44

45. Analysis and Design of Structure
(5) Drawing and detailing
 This final stage includes the preparation of contract
drawing, detailing, job specification, and final cost; this
information is necessary for construction to proceed

46. Analysis and Design of Structure
46

47. Analysis and Design of Structure
 Structural theories may be classified from various
points of view. For convenience of study, we shall
characterize them by the following aspects:
 Static versus dynamic
 Plane verse space
 Linear versus nonlinear structures
 Statically determinate versus statically indeterminate
structures