This document discusses the various types of risks incurred by financial institutions. It describes credit risk as the risk of borrowers defaulting on loans. It also discusses liquidity risk, interest rate risk, market risk, off-balance sheet risk, foreign exchange risk, sovereign risk, technology risk, operational risk, and insolvency risk. For each risk, it provides details on how the risk can impact a financial institution's returns, balance sheet, and equity value. It includes examples and figures to illustrate different risks.