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- 1. Chapter 10: Providing Nutrition, Health and Safety Services Planning and Administering Early Childhood Programs Tenth Edition Nancy Freeman Celia A. Decker John R. Decker Prepared by: Nancy K. Freeman Tere Holmes Kris Curtis
- 2. 10- Freeman/Decker/Decker, Planning and Administering Early Childhood Programs, 10e © 2012, 2008, 2005, 2001, 1995 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Promoting good nutrition • Malnutrition is very harmful when children are growing quickly. • As much as 25% of young children’s calories are devoted to growing. • Access to food is an issue for about 18% of all households with children under 6 years.
- 3. 10- Freeman/Decker/Decker, Planning and Administering Early Childhood Programs, 10e © 2012, 2008, 2005, 2001, 1995 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved The childhood obesity epidemic • Almost 32% of US children are overweight (at or above the 95th percentile of weight-to-height) • About 11% of US children are obese (at or above the 95th percentile of weight-to-height) • Obesity’s lifelong implications ○ Increased risk of hypertension and diabetes ○ Increased cardio-vascular and digestive disease ○ Increased risk of sleep apnea and other conditions
- 4. 10- Freeman/Decker/Decker, Planning and Administering Early Childhood Programs, 10e © 2012, 2008, 2005, 2001, 1995 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Provide Nutritious Meals & Snacks • Food served in childcare often provides the majority of children’s daily nutrition. • Children under 6 should be offered food every 2-3 hours. • Consider food allergies and religious or culturally determined preferences (i.e. vegetarian diets). • Provide families menus in advance.
- 5. 10- Freeman/Decker/Decker, Planning and Administering Early Childhood Programs, 10e © 2012, 2008, 2005, 2001, 1995 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Follow USDA dietary guidelines.
- 6. 10- Freeman/Decker/Decker, Planning and Administering Early Childhood Programs, 10e © 2012, 2008, 2005, 2001, 1995 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Mealtimes can feed the body and the spirit • Make mealtimes opportunities to socialize, engage in relaxed conversation, learn table manners. • Provide nutritious food. • Offer opportunities to try new foods. • Offer opportunities to try new ways of serving familiar foods.
- 7. 10- Freeman/Decker/Decker, Planning and Administering Early Childhood Programs, 10e © 2012, 2008, 2005, 2001, 1995 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Making meals and snacks enjoyable • Avoid foods that can be choking hazards. • Provide small servings. • Introduce new foods gradually. • Avoid serving the same food on consecutive days. • Serve children foods they eat at home. • Consider likes and dislikes in menu planning. • Provide a pleasant physical and emotional climate.
- 8. 10- Freeman/Decker/Decker, Planning and Administering Early Childhood Programs, 10e © 2012, 2008, 2005, 2001, 1995 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Support Breastfeeding • Breast milk provides the nutrition babies need for growth and development. • Childcare providers have unique opportunities to support breastfeeding when mothers return to school or work. ○ Create a comfortable place for moms to nurse. ○ Be a cheerleader for nursing mothers. ○ Be sure caregivers know how to store, handle and feed breast milk.
- 9. 10- Freeman/Decker/Decker, Planning and Administering Early Childhood Programs, 10e © 2012, 2008, 2005, 2001, 1995 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Promoting good health • “Good health” includes physical, mental, social and emotional well-being. • All aspects of health are inter-related. • Center policies should address the health of children and adults .
- 10. 10- Freeman/Decker/Decker, Planning and Administering Early Childhood Programs, 10e © 2012, 2008, 2005, 2001, 1995 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Creating a healthy environment • Store, prepare and serve food properly. • Implement sanitary diapering practices. • Wash hands correctly at these times: ○ at arrival ○ after toileting, diapering, blowing or wiping noses ○ before eating, feeding or serving food ○ after handling animals or contaminated surfaces ○ after handling garbage or cleaning
- 11. 10- Freeman/Decker/Decker, Planning and Administering Early Childhood Programs, 10e © 2012, 2008, 2005, 2001, 1995 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Communicate with families: • Describe policies about excluding children who are ill. • Create routines for families and caregivers to communicate regularly about children’s health. • Inform families when children are exposed to a communicable disease.
- 12. 10- Freeman/Decker/Decker, Planning and Administering Early Childhood Programs, 10e © 2012, 2008, 2005, 2001, 1995 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Develop procedures for administrating medications • Administer prescriptions only for the specific child enrolled • Administer over-the-counter medications when they are ordered by a doctor • Store medications properly, keep detailed records of administering medications, develop a system in the case of an error.
- 13. 10- Freeman/Decker/Decker, Planning and Administering Early Childhood Programs, 10e © 2012, 2008, 2005, 2001, 1995 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Issues to consider when serving children with identified special needs • Are adaptations are needed to the program or its routines? • Does the facility need modifications? • Is special equipment needed? • Are dietary adaptations needed? • Will staff need to assist with feeding? • Have you made plans to administer needed medication? • Does the staff need specialized training?
- 14. 10- Freeman/Decker/Decker, Planning and Administering Early Childhood Programs, 10e © 2012, 2008, 2005, 2001, 1995 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Strategies to promote children’s mental health: • Provide staff in-service about stresses faced by families, staff, and children. • Limit children’s exposure to violence in the community and media. • Know risk factors for abuse & neglect • Know how to recognize abuse & neglect • Develop policies for appropriate guidance and discipline.
- 15. 10- Freeman/Decker/Decker, Planning and Administering Early Childhood Programs, 10e © 2012, 2008, 2005, 2001, 1995 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Strategies to promote children’s mental health: (continued) • Help families maintain consistent expectations. • Provide families with strategies to peacefully resolve conflicts. • Equip families for strategies for limiting children’s “screen time”. • Equip staff with strategies for dealing with challenging behaviors.
- 16. 10- Freeman/Decker/Decker, Planning and Administering Early Childhood Programs, 10e © 2012, 2008, 2005, 2001, 1995 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Keeping children safe • Set appropriate limits. • Eliminate environmental hazards including dangerous toys and equipment . ○ Keep abreast of Consumer Product Safety Commission recalls (www.cpsc.gov). • Take precautions to manage vehicular risks. ○ Traffic control at the center ○ Transporting children for field trips
- 17. 10- Freeman/Decker/Decker, Planning and Administering Early Childhood Programs, 10e © 2012, 2008, 2005, 2001, 1995 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved Emergency preparedness • Develop, post and practice evacuation procedures. • Identify where you will take children if you need to leave the center and how you will notify families. • Plan to protect children in a natural disaster (tornado, flash flood, earthquake) or near-by violence.