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Chapter 05 Fire and Rescue Communications
- 1. Aircraft Rescue and Fire Fighting, 5th Edition Chapter 5 — Fire and Rescue Communications
- 2. ARFF 5–2 Chapter 5 Lesson Goal • After completing this lesson, the student shall be able to recall basic information about fire and rescue communications including systems, procedures, terminology, and signals used in aviation.
- 3. ARFF 5–3 Objectives 1. Describe basic airport communication systems. 2. Discuss pilot/ARFF Command communications. 3. Describe proper radio and telephone communication procedures. (Continued)
- 4. ARFF 5–4 Objectives 4. Identify International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Phonetic Alphabet designations. 5. Identify words and phrases unique to the airport environment. (Continued)
- 5. ARFF 5–5 Objectives 6. Discuss the use of computers in airport and ARFF communications. 7. Describe light, hand, and other signals used in aircraft accident operations.
- 6. ARFF 5–6 ARFF Communications • System depends on size of airport – Local fire department off airport – Dedicated ARFF dispatch center (Continued)
- 7. ARFF 5–7 ARFF Communications • Communication system components – Audible alarms – Direct-line telephones – Radios (Continued)
- 8. ARFF 5–8 ARFF Communications • ATC personnel provide information – Make and model of aircraft – Name of air carrier – Response category – Emergency situation – Number on board – Amount of fuel
- 9. ARFF 5–9 NOTAM • Information issued by airport operator or ATC personnel • Addresses important information – Runways – Taxiways – Essential services • Post NOTAMs
- 10. ARFF 5–10 Audible Alarms and Direct-line Telephones • Audible alarms alert individuals – Airport or facility occupants – Regular ARFF personnel – Auxiliary ARFF personnel – Essential support services (Continued)
- 11. ARFF 5–11 Audible Alarms and Direct-line Telephones • Alerting ARFF personnel in fire station – Direct-line telephone – Speaker system – Bell – Klaxon® – Combination (Continued)
- 12. ARFF 5–12 Audible Alarms and Direct-line Telephones • Alerting auxiliary/off-duty ARFF personnel – Pagers – Tone-activated radio receivers – Cell phones – Siren/horn (Continued)
- 13. ARFF 5–13 Audible Alarms and Direct-line Telephones • Direct-line communications systems – Between control tower and multiple emergency agencies – Primary means of notification – Test lines regularly
- 14. ARFF 5–14 Radio Systems • Two-way radios — most efficient means of communication – One or more channels – Multi-scanning capability • Use clear text language or common terminology (Continued)
- 15. ARFF 5–15 Radio Systems • Comply with FCC and AHJ • Test systems regularly • Do not transmit false, misleading, or inappropriate information • Computer-monitored systems record and time-stamp communications (Continued)
- 16. ARFF 5–16 Radio Systems • Communications/dispatch center ensures proper operation – Clearing the air – Maintaining discipline – Determining priority
- 17. ARFF 5–17 Aviation Radio Frequencies • Ground control • Local control or air traffic control • FSS • UNICOM • CTAF • ATIS
- 18. ARFF 5–18 ARFF and Radio Frequencies • Uncontrolled airports — SOPs established for movement • Monitor appropriate frequencies • Communicate with ground control – Give specific information – Finish with “Over”
- 19. ARFF 5–19 Cockpit and ARFF Command Communications • Use a discreet frequency • IC – Provide information to crew – Advise on conditions outside of aircraft • Crew may provide information to IC (Continued)
- 20. ARFF 5–20 Cockpit and ARFF Command Communications • Pilot – Should initiate communication – Responsible for aircraft and occupants
- 21. ARFF 5–21 Interphone System • Uses of interphone system – ARFF personnel to communicate with crew members – Airport personnel during routine operations
- 22. ARFF 5–22 Radio/Telephone Guidelines • Speak directly into microphone • Speak distinctly, calmly, and clearly • Pronounce each word carefully • Use a conversational tone/moderate speed (Continued)
- 23. ARFF 5–23 Radio/Telephone Guidelines • Speak as loudly as ordinary conversation • Speak in a low-pitched voice
- 24. ARFF 5–24 Phonetic Alphabet • Critical information is spelled out with words • Reduces confusion • ICAO phonetic alphabet is used
- 25. ARFF 5–25 ICAO Phonetic Alphabet • A — Alpha • B — Bravo • C — Charlie • D — Delta • E — Echo • F — Foxtrot • G — Golf • H — Hotel • I — India • J — Juliett • K — Kilo • L — Lima (Continued)
- 26. ARFF 5–26 ICAO Phonetic Alphabet • M — Mike • N — November • O — Oscar • P — Papa • Q — Quebec • R — Romeo • S — Sierra • T — Tango • U — Uniform • V — Victor • W — Whiskey • X — X-ray • Y — Yankee • Z — Zulu
- 27. ARFF 5–27 Number Designations • 1 — Wun • 2 — Too • 3 — Tree • 4 — Fow-er • 5 — Five • 6 — Sicks • 7 — Sev-en • 8 — Ait • 9 — Nin-er • 0 — Zero
- 28. ARFF 5–28 Common Terms and Phrases • Air Traffic Control (ATC) • Base leg • Base to final • Blind (dead) spot • Downwind leg • ETA • Final approach • Flameout • Fuel on board • Gear down • Go around (Continued)
- 29. ARFF 5–29 Common Terms and Phrases • Hold your position • Hung gear • Jet blast • Low approach • Make a 90, 180, or 360 • Minimum fuel • Missed approach • Overhead approach • Prop or rotor wash • Wind direction and velocity
- 30. ARFF 5–30 Computers • Various computers are used – Laptops – Mobile data terminals – GPS (Continued)
- 31. ARFF 5–31 Computers • Use will expand – Information tool – Communications system – Fire scene management (Continued)
- 32. ARFF 5–32 Computers • Computers can provide – Data on airport layouts – Prefire plans of buildings – Diagrams on aircraft – Dangerous goods information – Ability to provide status and location – On-screen messaging
- 33. ARFF 5–33 Light Signals • Steady green light • Steady red light • Flashing red light • Flashing white light • Alternating red and green lights
- 34. ARFF 5–34 Hand Signals • Recommended evacuation • Recommended stop • Emergency contained
- 35. ARFF 5–35 Other Signals • Back out or retreat • Apparatus is running out of agent • Open or close handline • Change handline nozzle/stream pattern • Advance with handline • Back out with handline
- 36. ARFF 5–36 Summary • Communications are vital during any emergency. Airport firefighters must be thoroughly trained and proficient in the usage of the communications systems and procedures found at their particular airfield (Continued)
- 37. ARFF 5–37 Summary • This chapter covered NOTAMs, audible alarms and direct-line telephones, radio systems and aviation frequencies. It also covered radio/telephone guidelines, computers in ARFF, and signals used in ARFF.
- 38. ARFF 5–38 Review Questions 1. Who may handle aircraft rescue and fire fighting communications? 2. How might airport auxiliary firefighters be notified of a situation? 3. What is the most efficient means for communicating with personnel during emergency scene operations? (Continued)
- 39. ARFF 5–39 Review Questions 4. What is the Automated Terminal Information Service (ATIS)? 5. How does an interphone system work? 6. What guidelines should be followed for proper radio/telephone use? (Continued)
- 40. ARFF 5–40 Review Questions 7. Why is use of the phonetic alphabet necessary? 8. What does the phrase ”hold your position” mean? (Continued)
- 41. ARFF 5–41 Review Questions 9. What is a mobile data terminal (MDT)? 10. When using light signals, what does a flashing red light mean?