The document discusses corporate governance in Malaysia. It explains that the Malaysian Code on Corporate Governance (MCCG) was first introduced in 2000 and has since been revised in 2007, 2012, and 2016. The MCCG sets out principles and recommendations for good corporate governance practices for public listed companies in Malaysia. It aims to enhance business prosperity and corporate accountability. The key principles in the MCCG include establishing clear roles and responsibilities of the board, strengthening the board's composition, upholding independence, fostering commitment, upholding integrity in financial reporting, recognizing and managing risk, ensuring timely disclosure, and strengthening relationships between companies and shareholders. The document also discusses components of corporate governance in Malaysia and the Shariah governance framework for Islamic banks
CH- 3 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE Bibek Prajapati
CH- 3 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
FOR CS PROFESSONAL, CA, CMA
Definitions of Corporate Governance
• ICSI Principles of Corporate Governance
• Need for Corporate Governance
• Theories of Corporate Governance
• Evolution and Development of Corporate Governance
• Elements of Good Corporate Governance
The root of the word Governance is from ‘gubernate’, which means to steer. Corporate governance would mean to steer an organization in the desired direction. The responsibility to steer lies with the board of directors/governing board.
• Kautilya’s Arthashastra maintains that for good governance, all administrators, including the king were considered servants of the people. Good governance and stability were completely linked. There is stability if leaders are responsive, accountable and removable. These tenets hold good even today.
• Corporate Governance Basic theories: Agency Theory; Stock Holder Theory; Stake Holder Theory; Stewardship Theory
OECD has defined corporate governance to mean “A system by which business corporations are directed and controlled”. Corporate governance structure specifies the distribution of rights and responsibilities among different participants in the company such as board, management, shareholders and other stakeholders; and spells out the rules and procedures for corporate decision making. By doing this, it provides the structure through which the company’s objectives are set along with the means of attaining these objectives as well as for monitoring performance.
CH- 3 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE Bibek Prajapati
CH- 3 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
FOR CS PROFESSONAL, CA, CMA
Definitions of Corporate Governance
• ICSI Principles of Corporate Governance
• Need for Corporate Governance
• Theories of Corporate Governance
• Evolution and Development of Corporate Governance
• Elements of Good Corporate Governance
The root of the word Governance is from ‘gubernate’, which means to steer. Corporate governance would mean to steer an organization in the desired direction. The responsibility to steer lies with the board of directors/governing board.
• Kautilya’s Arthashastra maintains that for good governance, all administrators, including the king were considered servants of the people. Good governance and stability were completely linked. There is stability if leaders are responsive, accountable and removable. These tenets hold good even today.
• Corporate Governance Basic theories: Agency Theory; Stock Holder Theory; Stake Holder Theory; Stewardship Theory
OECD has defined corporate governance to mean “A system by which business corporations are directed and controlled”. Corporate governance structure specifies the distribution of rights and responsibilities among different participants in the company such as board, management, shareholders and other stakeholders; and spells out the rules and procedures for corporate decision making. By doing this, it provides the structure through which the company’s objectives are set along with the means of attaining these objectives as well as for monitoring performance.
Hi everyone!
This is the document on Malaysian Private Entities Reporting Standard (MPERS). Hope it helps!
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This presentation was presented by a group of students of MBA (Finance) at University Institute of Management Sciences (University of Arid Agriculture Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Hi everyone!
This is the document on Malaysian Private Entities Reporting Standard (MPERS). Hope it helps!
Sign up for OfficeCentral at http://www.OfficeCentral.com.my
This presentation was presented by a group of students of MBA (Finance) at University Institute of Management Sciences (University of Arid Agriculture Rawalpindi, Pakistan
Notes of Module 5 Corporate Governance
Content
Concept of Corporate Governance
Corporate Governance in India
Objective of Corporate Governance
Features of Corporate Governance
Elements of Corporate Governance
Importance of Corporate Governance
Important Issues in Corporate Governance
Corporate Governance and Agency Theory
Reforming Board of Directors
*Birla Committee
*Naresh Candra Committee
*Narayana Murthy Committee
Bibliography
www.google.com
related materials
It consists meaning of corporate governance, clause 49 of listing agreement, initiatives for governing practices in India and drivers for the growth of corporate governance in India.
This is a part of syllabus of the Business ethics of MBA.
Corporate Governance ensures that the business of a firm is conducted in an ethical manner in compliance with the laws, rules, and regulations and the industry's best practices. A company’s corporate governance is important to investors since it shows a company’s direction and business integrity.
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Lecture slide titled Fraud Risk Mitigation, Webinar Lecture Delivered at the Society for West African Internal Audit Practitioners (SWAIAP) on Wednesday, November 8, 2023.
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A pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold thousands of pi coins before the open mainnet.
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@Pi_vendor_247
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Abhay Bhutada Leads Poonawalla Fincorp To Record Low NPA And Unprecedented Gr...Vighnesh Shashtri
Under the leadership of Abhay Bhutada, Poonawalla Fincorp has achieved record-low Non-Performing Assets (NPA) and witnessed unprecedented growth. Bhutada's strategic vision and effective management have significantly enhanced the company's financial health, showcasing a robust performance in the financial sector. This achievement underscores the company's resilience and ability to thrive in a competitive market, setting a new benchmark for operational excellence in the industry.
how can I sell pi coins after successfully completing KYCDOT TECH
Pi coins is not launched yet in any exchange 💱 this means it's not swappable, the current pi displaying on coin market cap is the iou version of pi. And you can learn all about that on my previous post.
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US Economic Outlook - Being Decided - M Capital Group August 2021.pdfpchutichetpong
The U.S. economy is continuing its impressive recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic and not slowing down despite re-occurring bumps. The U.S. savings rate reached its highest ever recorded level at 34% in April 2020 and Americans seem ready to spend. The sectors that had been hurt the most by the pandemic specifically reduced consumer spending, like retail, leisure, hospitality, and travel, are now experiencing massive growth in revenue and job openings.
Could this growth lead to a “Roaring Twenties”? As quickly as the U.S. economy contracted, experiencing a 9.1% drop in economic output relative to the business cycle in Q2 2020, the largest in recorded history, it has rebounded beyond expectations. This surprising growth seems to be fueled by the U.S. government’s aggressive fiscal and monetary policies, and an increase in consumer spending as mobility restrictions are lifted. Unemployment rates between June 2020 and June 2021 decreased by 5.2%, while the demand for labor is increasing, coupled with increasing wages to incentivize Americans to rejoin the labor force. Schools and businesses are expected to fully reopen soon. In parallel, vaccination rates across the country and the world continue to rise, with full vaccination rates of 50% and 14.8% respectively.
However, it is not completely smooth sailing from here. According to M Capital Group, the main risks that threaten the continued growth of the U.S. economy are inflation, unsettled trade relations, and another wave of Covid-19 mutations that could shut down the world again. Have we learned from the past year of COVID-19 and adapted our economy accordingly?
“In order for the U.S. economy to continue growing, whether there is another wave or not, the U.S. needs to focus on diversifying supply chains, supporting business investment, and maintaining consumer spending,” says Grace Feeley, a research analyst at M Capital Group.
While the economic indicators are positive, the risks are coming closer to manifesting and threatening such growth. The new variants spreading throughout the world, Delta, Lambda, and Gamma, are vaccine-resistant and muddy the predictions made about the economy and health of the country. These variants bring back the feeling of uncertainty that has wreaked havoc not only on the stock market but the mindset of people around the world. MCG provides unique insight on how to mitigate these risks to possibly ensure a bright economic future.
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After this second you should be able to: Explain the main determinants of demand for any mineral product, and their relative importance; recognise and explain how demand for any product is likely to change with economic activity; recognise and explain the roles of technology and relative prices in influencing demand; be able to explain the differences between the rates of growth of demand for different products.
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4. WHAT IS Corporate Governance?
Corporate governance is defined by High
Level Finance Committee Report 1999 as:
“The process and structure used to direct and
manage the business and affairs of the company
towards enhancing business prosperity and corporate
accountability with the ultimate objective of realising
long-term shareholder value, whilst taking into
account “the interests of other stakeholders.”
5. THE MILESTONE OF Corporate
Governance IN M’SIA
MCCG 2000 March
MCCG 2007 (Revised) 1st
oct
MCCG 2012 31st
Dec
- BLUEPRINT JULY
2011
6. SECURITIES COMMISSION MALAYSIA
1. Who is the Malaysian Code on Corporate Governance targeted at?
The Malaysian Code on Corporate Governance is specifically targeted at
companies listed on Bursa Malaysia.
All companies are however encouraged to adopt the principles and
recommendations of Malaysian Code on Corporate Governance
2. How do listed companies comply with the Malaysian Code on Corporate
Governance ?
Listed companies should explain in their annual reports how they have
complied with the recommendations.
As there is no 'one-size-fits-all' approach to corporate governance,
companies are given the flexibility to determine the best approach to
adopting the principles within the Malaysian Code on Corporate
Governance .
Where there is non-observance of a recommendation, companies should
also explain the reasons.
3. Why is Malaysian Code on Corporate Governance been revised?
The Malaysian Code on Corporate Governance was revised after taking into
account changing market dynamics, international developments and the
need to continuously recalibrate and enhance the effectiveness of the
corporate governance framework.
7. COMPONENTS OF MCCG
MCCG 2000 & 2007 MCCG 2012
1) PRINCIPLES OF CORPORATE
GOVERNANCE
1) PRINCIPLES
2) BEST PRACTICES IN CORPORATE
GOVERNANCE
2) RECOMMENDATIONS
3) PRINCIPLES & BEST PRACTICES FOR
OTHER CORPORATE PARTICIPANTS
3) COMMENTARY
4) EXPLANATORY
8. MCCG 2016
Recognising the need for regular enhancement to corporate governance
practices, the MCCG 2016 adopts a different approach from previous Codes.
The new approach aims to encourage progression, and emphasises on
conduct and outcomes from corporate governance practices.
The MCCG 2016 streams corporate governance practices into two categories –
Core and Core+. Companies are expected to disclose their adherence to the
Core practices on an ‘apply or explain an alternative’ basis, which encourages
greater thought process in undertaking the practices, and in making disclosures
While Core+ practices are voluntary companies are strongly encouraged to
adopt them and disclose in the annual report how these practices are being
undertaken or implemented.
11. THE PRINCIPLE OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
Principle 1:
Establish clear roles and responsibilities
Principle 2:
Strengthening Composition
Principle 3:
Reinforce independence
Principle 4:
Foster commitment
Principle 5:
Uphold integrity in Financial reporting
Principle 6:
Recognize and manage risk
Principle 7:
Ensure timely and high quality disclosure
Principle 8:
Strengthen relationship between company and shareholders
12. ESTABLISHED CLEAR ROLES AND
RESPONSIBILITIES
■ The responsibilities of the board, which should
be set out in a board charter, include
management oversight, setting strategic
direction premised on sustainability and
promoting ethical conduct in business
dealings.
13. STRENGTHEN COMPOSITION
■The board should have transparent
policies and procedures that will assist in
the selection of board members. The
board should comprise members who
bring value to board deliberations.
15. FOSTER COMMITMENT
■Directors should devote sufficient
time to carry out their
responsibilities, regularly update
their knowledge and enhance their
skills.
16. UPHOLD INTEGRITY IN FINANCIAL
REPORTING
■The board should ensure financial
statements are a reliable source of
information.
17. RECOGNISE AND MANAGE RISKS
■The board should establish a sound
risk management framework and
internal controls system.
18. ENSURE TIMELY AND HIGH QUALITY
DISCLOSURE
■Companies should establish corporate
disclosure policies and procedures to
ensure comprehensive, accurate and
timely disclosures.
20. The Principles of the MCCG 2016
■ MCCG 2016 adopts a new approach - ‘apply or explain an alternative’ where companies are
required to provide clear and meaningful explanation on how they have adopted the Core
practices in MCCG 2016, and achieve the Intended Outcome of each practice. ‘Apply’ requires
greater thought process and consideration in implementing or undertaking the practices,
including in disclosing information on these practices.
■ The Principles of the MCCG 2016 encapsulate the fundamentals underpinning good
governance practices that companies should apply when implementing the Practices. There
are four Principles in the MCCG 2016:
Supporting board leadership and effectiveness;
Safeguarding the integrity of financial and corporate reporting;
Managing risks to preserve and create value; and
Strengthening relationship with shareholders.
21. Please refer to;
■ Proposed Draft of the Malaysian Code on
Corporate Governance 2016
■ MALAYSIAN CODE ON CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
2012
■ MALAYSIAN CODE ON CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
(Revised 2007)
23. ■ sets out the broad principles and specific recommendations
on structures and processes which companies should adopt
in making good corporate governance an integral part of
their business dealings and culture.
■ advocates the adoption of standards that go beyond the
minimum prescribed by regulation
■ clarifying the role of the board in providing leadership,
enhancing board effectiveness through strengthening its
composition and reinforcing its independence.
■ also encourages companies to put in place corporate
disclosure policies that embody principles of good
disclosure
26. Governance structure
■ Components that focus on the following tasks: providing project leadership, defining
the business of justice, and analysing technical environment, policies and solutions
EG: power of chain in org.
■ The process and structure used to direct and manage the business and affairs of
the company towards enhancing business prosperity and corporate accountability
with the ultimate objective of realizing long-term shareholder value, whilst taking
into account the interests of other stakeholders.”
27. External regulatory
■ Auditor from outsider the company, such as SIRIM, LHDN, SPRM or others
■ Others body that regulate the corporate governance regulation
28. Internal regulatory system
■ Internal Audit unit or division, corporate department or Laws department of
company e.g.: code of ethics, governance code of company.
29. Internal control system
■ Governance monthly report, risk management, financial, organisational, operational
and compliance control.
31. Component of Corporate
Governance in Malaysia
1. Islamic Banking Act 1983
2. Takaful Act 1984
3. Government Investment Act 1983
4. The Companies Act 1965
5. Other Common Law
6.Exchange Control Act 1953
7. The Anti-Money Laundering act 2001(AMLA)
8. The payment system Act 2003(PSA)
9. The Securities Industry Act 1983 (SIA) and the Securities
Commission Act 1993
10. Bursa Listing Requirements
32. LIST COMPANY
– Companies listed in Bursa Malaysia (PETGAS, NESTLE and others)
BANK AND FINANCIAL INSTITUTION
– Bank or FI that operates in Malaysia (BIMB, CIMB and others)
INSURANCE COMPANY
– Insurance or takaful provide (Takaful Ikhlas, Bsn Prudential and others)
INVESTMENT MANAGER OR FUND MANAGER
– Person that manage the fund that has been invested (ITTIKAL, ASB, and
others)
FAMILY ENTERPRISES
– Company or enterprises that belong to family legacy (NAZA)
STATE ENTERPRISES
– Company that belong to state government (Matrix concept, Syabas, SAJ)
35. ■ In Malaysia, the Islamic Banking Act 1983 and Takaful Act 1984 require the establishment of an
independent Shariah Committee within each IB with a minimum of three and a maximum of seven
Muslim religious scholars. The first Shariah Committee was set up in 1983 by Bank Islam Malaysia
Berhad (BIMB) which started its operations as Malaysia’s first IB on 1 July 1983.
■ According to the Financial Stability and Payment Systems Report (2010), the SAC was established
in 1 May 1997 as the highest authority and sole reference on all Shariah matters pertaining to
banking and takaful. The SAC is responsible for all Shariah compliancy matters and also for
validating all Islamic banking and takaful products to ensure their compliance with Shariah. The
Shariah Committee will refer to the SAC for its resolutions on a Shariah issue. The SAC serves as
the final arbiter in the interpretation of Shariah principles on Islamic banking and takaful matters
and practices.
■ The aim is to ensure uniformity and harmonization of Shariah interpretations and strengthening
the regulatory framework and promoting good governance within the Islamic financial sector. Apart
from the central SAC, Shariah Committee at the IB level remains the most important governance
mechanism to ensure compliance with Sharia. The IB need to receive approval from the financial
authorities to appoint any Shariah scholars as SB members. Both the SAC in the Central Bank and
the Sharia Committee have set the standard for any Sharia matters and governance for the
operations of the IB.
36. ■ In December 2004, Bank Negara Malaysia issued the Guidelines on the Governance of
Shariah Committee for the IB outlining the role, scope of duties and responsibilities of a
Shariah Committee and its members and the relationship and working arrangement
between the Shariah Committee at individual institutions and the SAC at the national
level. Only the SB of Bank Negara and the Securities Commission can issue fatwa, the
role of the Sharia Committee of IB is to ensure that this fatwa is implemented with
respect to the contracts offered. Members of the SBs of Bank Negara and the
Securities Commission cannot serve on the boards of Islamic financial institutions and
vice versa.
■ For reasons of confidentiality, Shariah Committee members can only serve as a
member of Shariah Committee in one financial institution in the same industry (Islamic
banking and takaful are considered as different industries).
■ The Central Bank of Malaysia, Bank Negara, has tightened Shariah rules for IB by
requiring them to set up Shariah review, audit and risk management functions to
reinforce compliance.