The document summarizes several U.S. trade preference programs including the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP), Caribbean Basin Initiative (CBI), Andean Trade Preference Act (ATPA), African Growth and Opportunity Act (AGOA), and the maquiladora program between the U.S. and Mexico. It describes eligibility requirements, rules of origin, products that qualify for duty-free access, and exclusions under each program.
What is the impact of African Growth and Opportunity Act on the textile and a...ThreadSol
The African Growth and Opportunity Act (#AGOA) is a trade agreement between the US and 39 sub-Saharan African nations. The impact that AGOA has on the economies of the beneficiary countries is considerable. AGOA is the sole reason that has enabled the SSA countries to compete in the global apparel industry and sustain, even when competitors like India and China have better technology and capital.
What is the impact of African Growth and Opportunity Act on the textile and a...ThreadSol
The African Growth and Opportunity Act (#AGOA) is a trade agreement between the US and 39 sub-Saharan African nations. The impact that AGOA has on the economies of the beneficiary countries is considerable. AGOA is the sole reason that has enabled the SSA countries to compete in the global apparel industry and sustain, even when competitors like India and China have better technology and capital.
Across the Pond: Canada-EU Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA)Brenda Swick
Presentation from the Dickinson Wright Webinar "Across the Pond: Canada-EU Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA)" presented by Brenda Swick on May 16, 2017.
Across the Pond: Canada-EU Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA)Brenda Swick
Presentation from the Dickinson Wright Webinar "Across the Pond: Canada-EU Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA)" presented by Brenda Swick on May 16, 2017.
EXPORTS FROM INDIA SCHEME
EXPORTS FROM INDIA SCHEME
OBJECTIVE:-
Main objectective is to provide rewards to exporters to offset infrastructural inefficiencies and associated costs involved.
To provide exporters a level playing field.
NATURE OF REWARDS
Duty Credit Scrips shall be granted as rewards under MEIS and SEIS.
The Duty Credit Scrips and goods imported / domestically procured against them shall be freely transferable.
The Duty Credit Scrips can be used for :
(i) Payment of Customs Duties for import of inputs or goods, except items listed in Appendix 3A.
(ii) Payment of excise duties on domestic procurement of inputs or goods, including capital goods as per DoR notification.
(iii) Payment of service tax on procurement of services as per DoR notification.
(iv)Payment of Customs Duty and fee as per paragraph 3.18 of this Policy.
MERCHANDISE EXPORTS FROM INDIA SCHEME
(MEIS)
INTRODUCTION
In the new Foreign Trade Policy-2015-2020, with effect from 1.4.2015,Merchandise Exports from India Scheme (in short, also known as MEIS) has beenannounced by the Government. It not only replaces five similar incentive schemesavailable under the Foreign Trade Policy 2009-2014, but it rationalize the incentivesunder the erstwhile schemes, removes various kind of restrictions and significantlyenlarges the scope of the earlier schemes. Unlike earlier Schemes, this scheme hasbeen made applicable to exports made by SEZ units.
SCHEMES REPLACED BY MEIS
(i) Focus Product Scheme (FPS),
(ii) Market Linked Focus Product Scheme (MLFPS),
(iii) Focus Market Scheme (FMS),
(iv) Agri. Infrastructure Incentive Scrip (AIIS),
(v) Vishesh Krishi Gramin Upaj Yojana (VKGUY).
Objective of Merchandise Exports from India Scheme (MEIS) is to offset infrastructural inefficiencies and associated costs involved in export of goods/products, which are produced /manufactured in India, especially those having high export intensity, employment potential and thereby enhancing India’s export competitiveness.
SALIENT FEATURES OF THE SCHEME
Grants rewards in the form of Duty Credit Scrip to the exporter on export of notified goods, which have been produced/ manufactured in India.
Rewards for export of notified goods to notified markets payable as percentage of realized FOB value (in free foreign exchange).
Exports of specified goods through courier or foreign post office using ecommerce of FOB value upto Rs.25000 per consignment entitled for rewards under the scheme. In case of value of consignment being more than Rs.25000/-, benefit is limited on the value of Rs. 25000/- only.
Scrip itself and Goods imported/ domestically procured against the scrip are freely transferable.
Certain specified categories of export or export goods are not eligible for benefit under the Scheme.
Non agriculture market_access_issues_and_concerns_for_indiaYogesh Bandhu
A key element of the Doha Round of trade negotiations is the liberalisation of trade in industrial products, commonly known as non-agricultural market access (NAMA). Negotiations under NAMA focus on market access for all products that are not covered under the negotiations on agriculture or services and aim to reduce, if not possible to completely eliminate, tariff and non-tariff barriers (NTBs) that restrict trade in these products. The framework adopted for modalities for negotiations under NAMA, known as the ‘July Package’, envisages reduction of industrial tariffs in both developed and developing countries, according to a formula that is yet to be agreed. These negotiations are important for developing countries, as these will determine the market access opportunities available to developing countries through which they can improve their growth prospects.
As per the WTO text on NAMA of December 6, 2008, the developing countries have been asked to undertake tariff reductions of 60 - 70 per cent while the developed countries are offering a reduction of only 20 - 30 per cent based on Swiss formula for tariff reduction which gives a coefficient of 8 for developed countries and 22 on an average for developing countries. The insistence on developing countries to cut their bound tariffs in NAMA or agriculture until they go below the applied levels along with the continuation of US practice of having a bound level that is twice its actual spending on agricultural domestic subsidies has been objected by India and China.
India desires that the modalities for tariff cuts should reflect the mandate of less than full reciprocity in reduction commitments and comparability in ambition between NAMA and Agriculture.
So far as the tariff reduction is concerned, it may be mentioned that the Swiss formula should not be used for making commitments on tariff reduction as it involves the use of an arbitrary coefficient, a, which can be manipulated by member countries. Even, the simple average formula has its own limitations. For instance, it overlooks the values that are either very high or very low and thus cannot solve the problem of tariff peaks.
The simplest way is to reduce the bound levels of developed countries to 5 or 10 per cent for all tariff lines as their industries have already developed. Otherwise, the developed countries can be asked to bring their bound tariff rates to 5 to 8 per cent for those tariff lines that cover at least 98 per cent of the potential exports, and not the actual exports as that may be lower because of existing high import tariff or domestic support in importing country, of developing countries to developed countries. This potential of exports for developing countries can be calculated through revealed comparative advantage or by matching the developing countries exports and developed countries imports at different commodity classification levels.
Cient Alert - July 12, 2018: USTR Publishes Section 301 China Products Exclu...CohenGrigsby
Effective July 6, 2018, the United States imposed a 25% duty on numerous products from China pursuant to Section 301 of the Tariff Act of 1974 based upon a finding that certain unfair trade practices by China have harmed the U.S. economy. The affected products fall under approximately 1,300 separate HTSUS codes that include products in industries such as aerospace, information and communication technology, robotics, and machinery.
WTO’s Agreement on Agriculture Issues and Concerns for India Yogesh Bandhu
The Agreement on Agriculture, entered into by WTO Member Countries in 1995, would be coming up for review at the end of this year. The full text of the Agreement is available on website address www.wto.org/ wto/legal/finalact.htm. Article 20 of the Agreement on Agriculture (AoA) points the way to further negotiations on agriculture. As a run up to the same, the WTO Committee on Agriculture has instituted a process of analysis and information exchange wherein informal papers are presented by various member countries highlighting implementation problems as well as areas of the agreement which need amendment, modification and further clarity.
While Article 20 mandates further negotiations, there is neither a fixed agenda nor a timetable for the same, which could probably mean that this process would simply be the beginning which could last for some years. These negotiations may cover several issues depending upon the position of different groups of countries.
The Agreement on Agriculture contains provisions in following three broad areas of agriculture and trade policy:
a) Market access envisages tariffication of all non-tariff barriers (that is removal of quantitative restrictions and export and import licensing).
b) Domestic support measures or subsidies are disciplined through reduction in the total Aggregate Measurement of Support (AMS) and area of export subsidies is also a trade concern for India as these measures affect the export of developing countries, rendering them uncompetitive when compared to subsidised exports of the developed countries. Further, they also result in distorting the world prices of agricultural commodities and thereby adversely affecting those developing countries which are net importers of foodgrains.
The Uruguay Round and the subsequent negotiations in services had not yielded significant returns to the developing countries, particularly in regard to market access in terms of movement of natural persons and hence, there was need to remove the existing imbalances in the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) taking into account the interests of developing countries.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
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