Channel Partitioning Essay

Channel Partitioning Essay
In data communication, they are always striving to increase throughput, this would include allowing nodes to transmit information over a single
broadcast link without interfering with each other. To achieve this, multiple access protocols coordinate the transmission. There are three classes of
multiple access protocols, random access, taking–turns and channel partitioning. With random access protocol, each node tries to randomly to access
the complete broadcast link, without any regard to the other nodes. Taking–turns protocol utilizes some type of turning mechanism, which designates
which node is allowed to transmit. Channel partitioning protocol divides the channel (time slots, frequency, code) and assigns them evenly between all
of... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
There are numerous of taking–turn protocols, two are polling protocol and token–passing protocol. The polling protocol requires one of the node to be
designated as a master node. The master polls each of the nodes in a round–robin fashion. The master first sends a message to node 1, saying that it can
transmit. After node 1 transmits, the master sends a message to node 2 it can transmit The master determines when a node has finished sending its
frames by observing the lack of a signal on the channel. The procedure continues in this manner, with the master polling each of the nodes in a cyclic
manner. (Kurose 459) An advantage of this type of protocol is it avoids collisions, since nodes are only allowed to transmit when they are given access
to the channel. Disadvantage to polling, are delays, as transmitters have to wait for the poll and the centralization with the requirement for a master to
conduct the polling, if it fails the entire channel becomes inoperative. Token–passing protocol there is no master node, instead special–purpose frame
known as a token is exchanged among the nodes in some order. When a node receives a token, it holds onto the token only if it has some frames to
transmit; otherwise, it immediately forwards the token to the next node. If a node does have frames to transmit when it receives the token, it sends up
to a maximum number of frames and then forwards the token to the next node. (Kurose 459) Advantage of token–passing protocol is it
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The Fashion Channel Case Study
CASE BRIEF – THE FASHION CHANNEL
A.Problem Statement
The problem that the Fashion Channel faces is the selection of the right segmentation and positioning strategy in order to maintain its position as a
leader in Fashion Channel networks in addition to boosting its revenues and viewership ratings.
B.Situation Analysis
Company:
Customers:
Competition:
Collaborators:
Context:
C.Alternatives
Investment in Brand Recognition: Fashion Channel can look into boosting its revenues through investment in brand recognition opportunities like
sponsoring or conducting fashion shows, updating website, conducting workshops across schools or colleges dedicated to fashion, promoting new
fashion enthusiasts and/or designers etc.
Advantages
It will help Fashion Channel reach higher masses through awareness instead of just the regular cable tv viewership. A larger younger population of
fashion enthusiasts will get to know about the Fashion Channel and understand its importance in their respective careers and interests. Additionally,
more fashion enthusiasts will be able to subscribe to the Fashion Channel not only through cable tv, but also through its website. Therefore, adding
additional viewership and boosting Fashion Channel revenues.
Another advantage is that it will be able to build its brand within the fashion industry like sponsoring or conducting fashion shows will attract people
from all over the fashion industry thus, helping the Fashion Channel gain more

Case Study : The Cooper Processing Company
"The Cooper Processing Company"
MGT 309
Toni Walker
2/14/2015
Dr. Bilbrey
Introduction
Companies strive to choose not only the best marketing channels, but also the best profitable channel. A profitable channel can promote and
successfully sell out of a product that might not otherwise turn a profit for their producers (New Charter University 2015). "The calculations from the
cost accountant for the retail segment accounts were 60 percent of sales, and for the foodservice segment accounts were 40 percent. The cost
accountant believes that both channels are profitable. The accountant also believes that the company achieves an overall average gross margin of 60
percent on its sales (Bowersox, D. J., Closs, D. J., Cooper, M. B., ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
First, in aspects of personal selling this cost will be deducted out of the salesperson's salary whereas all sales personal receive the same amount of
salary. Next, the order processing is role of businesses to deliver consumer products accurately when and where the consumer wants the product is
beneficial to retail grocery stores, supermarkets and Foodservice wholesalers. Making deliveries order processing top priority will provide the Cooper
Company the fortitude to create competitive prices as well as, make deliveries in a cost–effective manner (Sabri, E. H., Gupta, A. P., & Beitler, M. A.
2007).
Current Issues
Packaging and labeling of products are other key essential parts of the Cooper Company logistics to provide satisfaction to their customers. Accurate
packaging and labeling can have a direct impact on the Cooper Company logistical productivity and efficiency (Bowersox, D. J., Closs, D. J.,
Cooper, M. B., & Bowersox, J. C. p.251. 2013). The company's packaging accounts differs for each channel this entail the retail accounts 80 percent
of the packaging cost and Foodservice of 20 percent (Bowersox, D. J., Closs, D. J., Cooper, M. B., & Bowersox, J. C. p.465. 2013). "The retail
channel requires "labeling" to accrue the company a 2,000,000 expense includes materials, labor, and depreciation of the machine.

Description Of An Energy Efficient Multi Channel Routing...
Multichannel approach for LEACH
B.Brahma Reddy, ECE, VBIT, Hyderabad, India, reddybb@hotmail.com
K.Kishan Rao, Vaagdevi College of Engineering, Warangal, India, prof_kkr@rediffmail.com
Abstract: LEACH TDMA schedules of each cluster are built independently. This can lead to collisions among clusters if the samechannel is allotted to
more than one overlapping clusters at the same time. To reduce this type of interference, in LEACH each cluster communicates using different
CDMA codes. Thus, when a node is elected as CH, it chooses randomly from a list of spreading codes and informs all the nodes in the cluster to
transmit using this spreading code. Hence all clusters can have intra–cluster communication in parallel. However, in large WSNs, as number of clusters
increases self–noise generated by these codes may cross threshold limit and reach capacity limit. This forces to look at multiple channel use for
improved throughput and energy–efficiency. We present an energy–efficient multi–channel routing protocol (CFCA) for wireless sensor networks. By
computing the size of each cluster and identifying non–overlapping clusters, the proposed method allows channel reuse within WSN. This algorithm
optimizes number of channels required for the given WSN.
Key words: LEACH, Collision–free Multichannel, Cross–layer, Beacon–enabled, Energy–efficiency, Frequency reuse in WSN
I.Introduction
The main goal of communication protocols in WSNs is to maximize energy efficiency in order to

Marketing Channels
Question: Should companies involve their marketing channels in the design of the promotional programs? What are the advantages and disadvantages
of doing so?
When a company is looking at promoting a new or existing product or service, the involvement of their marketing channel during the design of the
promotional program is key component. According to the text Excellence in Business (BovГ©e, Thill, Mescon; p. 417–418), a market channel is the
network of firms that work together to get goods and services from the producer to the customer.
When a company is designing is promotional program, or the manner it wishes to get information about its product to consumers, it has numerous
factors and stakeholders to involve. Walk into any... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
If you were to begin trying to increase the marketing of the discussed Web site and tried to make logical and emotional appeals to various audiences,
you must also understand the five promotional categories as described in Excellence in Business (BovГ©e, Thill, Mescon; p. 487). Below is a listing
of the five categories and the potential emotional and logical effectiveness of each.
1. Personal selling – Highly effective in both emotional and logical appeals because you have direct personal face–to–face access with customer and
the ability to have a highly flexible message. 2. Advertising – Highly effective in both emotional and logical appeals by constantly presenting facts
/figures and/or emotional messages to large audiences at the same time through various means. 3. Direct marketing – Somewhat effective for emotional
appeals, but highly effective for a logical appeal. Direct market typically involves non–personal contact with consumers, which could cause difficulty in
creating that emotional appeal. 4. Sales promotions – Highly effective in both emotional and logical appeals. Companies have the ability to offer
special promotions to buyers that if they do not like a product they will offer a full refund (emotional), to showing how their product is better than the
other company through taste or cost comparisons (logical). 5. Public relations – Somewhat effective for

Small Molecule Of Voltage Gated Sodium Channels
Small Molecule Modulation of Voltage Gated Sodium Channels
Vincenzo Carnevale and Michael L. Klein
Institute for Computational Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122
Abstract
Voltage gated sodium channels are fundamental players in animals physiology. By triggering the depolarization of the lipid membrane they enable
generation and propagation of the action potential. The involvement of these channels in numerous pathological conditions makes them relevant target
for pharmaceutical intervention. Therefore, modulation of sodium conductance via small molecule binding constitutes a promising strategy to treat a
large variety of diseases. However, this approach entails significant challenges: voltage gated sodium channels are complex nanomachines and the
details of their workings have only recently started to become clear. Here we review В¬В¬– with emphasis on the computational studies – some of the
major milestones in the long–standing search of a quantitative microscopic description of the molecular mechanism and modulation of voltage–gated
sodium channels.
Physiological Role of Voltage Gated Sodium Channels (VGSCs)
To respond to changes in the external environment, cells propagate electrical signals generated by transient, highly controlled transmembrane ionic
currents.
Responsible for this process are ion channels, ubiquitous proteins that reside in membranes of excitable cells and convert chemical and electrical stimuli

How Can You Become A Better Leader?
In this website, you will be able to find information about how you can become a better leader in relevance to the subject of organizing. On this
website, you will be able to learn in great detail about 3 different lessons which are all related to the topic of organizing. Along with this, you will
also be able to view a case study done on a business which is based around challenges that the organization faces in terms of organizing. Elemental
Inc. Currently at Element Inc., there are many problems that need to be resolved, in order to prevent our talented employees from leaving our
company. As one of the current leaders of the Human Resources department of the company, I have a few suggestions I'd like to make in order to help
our company reach success and eliminate this problem. The issue we have at hand is that, all of our highly–talented employees are leaving to work for
other companies. Since we are such a small business, we cannot afford to lose our talented employees. With each employee we lose, we must
replace. This leads to many costs related to finding replacements and overall, this causes a disruption to occur in the company. Due to Elemental Inc.
being a particularly small business, the employees we have trained become captivated by larger businesses as they lure them in by offering "more"
benefits at work. We must make a change as soon as possible as this problem has been occurring for many years, and the loss of valuable employees
is becoming a huge hassle

Auto Channels Essay
It might appear to be senseless, yet changing your auto channels all the time can significantly affect motor life and execution.
Here in Los Angeles, where we have our publication workplaces, the premises have an idiom: "Never inhale air you can not see." While the editors of
Edmunds.com, an every day stroll through this droop of particulates and CO2 discharges in the suction and nitrous oxide, our autos have the benefit of
air filtration.
There is a major issue with this photo? Would it be a good idea for us to won't be the most covers on their countenances and a program of consistent
support to change the channel?
In any case, nooooo. We are excessively bustling driving autos of the press, taking notes, shooting pictures, opening... Show more content on
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It won't require investment, spares cash, and sends his auto out and about crisp and recharged. A stopped up air channel or fuel can cause poor
execution, cost to the fuel pump, and abbreviate motor life. This basic strategy against the watchmen.
How regularly would it be advisable for you? A decent general guideline is on more than one occasion a year, or about once every 12000 miles.
Change the air channel
In any event, figure out how to change their own particular air channel. It's speedy and simple and spares cash.
In what way? All things considered, I think: When was the last time they went to Quick Lube–N–Tune occurred on mechanical and hit him with "Hello
Bud, you require another air channel." After you wink and perceive how it adds to the bill. What amount? $ 7.99? $ 9.99? $ 12.99? Hell, even we
have seen $ 14.99.
There is an old joke about the production of the universe with the turn of phrase: "Well, some person needed to pay retail." Maybe so. However, not
really.

One of our occupations here at Edmunds.com is to engage you. Try not to give them a chance to stick to you. Figure out how to state "no" – there is
no law against it. Basically say, "I'm experiencing now," or "Thank you, I will see it," and go home after the oil change and do this technique you–
assuming, in fact, truly should be finished.
To start with, stop your auto in the shade and pop the hood. Prop up to what you don't hit in the head, and

The K+ Channel, A New Hope For a Better Understanding Essay
The K+ Channel, A New Hope For a Better Understanding
The axons of our neurons are the pathway for the communication that exists in our nervous system. This communication takes the form of an electric
signal, also called an action potential. The action potential occurs due to a change in voltage across the membrane of the axon. The change in voltage is
achieved by a change in the concentrations of the ions, Na+, Ca+, and K+(1) . The cell starts with a large concentration of potassium ions, K+, inside
the cell, and a large concentration of sodium ions, Na+, outside the cell. The action potential propagates down the axon due to openings and closing of
different channels allowing changing of the concentrations of the ions(10). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The K+ returns to the inside of the cell through a pump that exchanges it for Na+ so that there is little voltage change.
Scientists have struggled for a long time to understand how voltage–gated channels work. "How and where changes in the structure of the
voltage–sensing domains [work] to gate ion conduction is not understood," said Li–Smerin et al. in a paper published in February 2000(2). Since then
research in the field of voltage–gated channels has reached great heights. Now, scientists view K+ channels as those that are best understood(3). There
have been multiple experiments done to determine the structure of the channel through x–ray crystallography, flourometry, and mutagenesis(2)(4). That
picture has been almost perfected. Mutations have been done to determine structures that have a big influence on the voltage sensing and gating
properties of the channel. For example, Li–Smerin et al. did a series of 37 mutations that led to two groups that they call the major impact and the
minor impact residues(2). They were defined as being major or minor depending on how great of an affect the mutation had on the functionality of the
resulting channel. When the major residues were mapped on the structure the scientists could make references as to what kind of contribution the
original residue had.
The structure of the channel consists of four subunits, each with six helical segments, referred to

Clear Channel and the Cultural and Socio-Political...
Clear Channel and the Cultural and Socio–Political Ramifications of Media Consolidation
I.INTRODUCTION
In 1996, Congress passed the Telecommunications Act thereby lifting restrictions on media ownership that had been in place for over sixty years
(Moyers 2003; Bagdikian 2000: xviii). It was now possible for a single media company to own not just two radio stations in any given local market,
but eight. On the national level, there was no longer any limit on the number of stations a company could own – the Act abandoned the previous
nation–wide ownership cap of forty stations (20 FM and 20 AM). This "anti–regulatory sentiment in government" has continued and in 2004 the
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) approved a new rule that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
2004: 3; Chen 2003).
While the phenomenon of rampant media consolidation made possible by the government's deregulatory practices has been greeted with general
enthusiasm by the corporate world, it has left others in society gravely concerned. Media critics and cultural studies observers have voiced concerns
over the negative consequences they believe accompany the phenomenon. They see the erosion of the idea that radio is to serve the public interest;
they see a stifling of diversity and less choice for the consumer; and they see a threat to American democracy in the form of a possibly insurmountable
corporate media hegemony. And for many, Clear Channel is "the 'poster child' for what's wrong with mediaderegulation" (Cornell Univ. 2004: 66).
Unfortunately however, a February 2004 poll by the Pew Research Center found that "72 percent of the public has heard nothing about the media
ownership [and consolidation] debate" (Connell 2004). Understanding how corporate mergers and consolidation affect the way in which the media
function (especially in the realms of production and distribution) and how the media in turn directly impacts our society, our culture, our economy, and
our politics – in short, our entire lives – is a necessary

Fashion Channel Case Hbr Essay
Case Report–1: The Fashion Channel
1) What is expected outcome of each of the targeting scenarios? (complete both the Ad Revenue and Financial calculators to fully understand the
financial impact of the scenarios)
Ad Revenue Calculator| | | | | | | Current| 2007 Base| Scenario 1| Scenario 2| Scenario 3| TV HH| 110.000.000| 110.000.000| 110.000.000| 110.000.000|
110.000.000| Average Rating| 1,0%| 1,0%| 1,2%| 0,8%| 1,2%| Average Viewers (Thousand)| 1100| 1100| 1320| 880| 1320| Average CPM*| $2,00|
$2,00| $1,80| $3,50| $2,50| Average Revenue/Ad Minute**| $2.200| $2.200| $2.376| $3.080| $3.300| Ad Minutes/Week| 2016| 2016| 2016| 2016| 2016|
Weeks/Year| 52| 52| 52... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Although there is a cost of 20 million on programming, having average rating 1,2% with a relatively high CPM makes Ad Revenue higher and as a
result Net Income becomes $168 million. Net income in Scenario 2 is $151 million lower than Scenario 3, whereas Scenario 1 has the lowest $77
million.
2) Analyze the segmentation options and discuss pros and cons of each.
Scenario1:
Targeting on women aged 18 to 34, with a cross segment strategy by focusing on on Fashionistas, Planners & Shoppers and Situationalists.
Advantages:
Increase in rating from 1.0 to 1.2 with the increase in awareness and viewing of the channel by investing in a major marketing and advertisement
campaign. We can expect promising returns inthe long run with the rise of popularity of the network.
Disadvantages:
While the level competition is getting higher, we cannot wait for the long run, what we need is instant return for short run. The strategy does not put
an end to competition to gain Premium segments so there is a risk of facing lower CPM. Since there is no real change in viewers' type and
programming, the CPM will drop by 10% or more and

A Brief Note On Voltage Gated Sodium Channels
Abstract
Voltage gated sodium channels are fundamental players in animals physiology. By triggering the depolarization of the lipid membrane they enable
generation and propagation of the action potential. The involvement of these channels in numerous pathological conditions makes them relevant target
for pharmaceutical intervention. Therefore, modulation of sodium conductance via small molecule binding constitutes a promising strategy to treat a
large variety of diseases. However, this approach entails significant challenges: voltage gated sodium channels are complex nanomachines and the
details of their workings have only recently started to become clear. Here we review В¬В¬– with emphasis on the computational studies – some of the
major milestones in the long–standing search of a quantitative microscopic description of the molecular mechanism and modulation of voltage–gated
sodium channels.
Introduction: Physiological Role of Voltage Gated Sodium Channels (VGSCs)
Cells respond to stimuli from the environment by enabling the passage of ions across the plasma membrane, a process that results in the propagation of
an electrical signal. Ion channels are the key players of this process, the membranes of excitable cells are studded with a myriad of these integral
membrane proteins, which transduce chemical and electrical stimuli into currents of charged chemical species (Hille, 2001). Owing to their pivotal
role in cell physiology, a large number of genes encode for ion

Understanding The Importance Of Corporate Communication
1.0 Understanding the Importance of Corporate Communication:
The companies and the organizations communicate through different kinds of channels. All these are defined under corporate communication. Every
single types of communication are important for the organization. But before discussing the importance we have to know what corporate communication
is. Corporate communication is a combination of different types of activities that are involved to establish a favorable relation between the stakeholder
and the organization. It is very important to make the communication understandable and reliable to the stakeholders so that the massage is delivered
can serve the purpose of both parties– organization and stakeholders.
According to Richard R. Dolphin corporate communication is not a technique rather than an approach (The Fundamentals of Corporate
Communication, 2009). He stated that the total process of corporate communication has set into a management discipline. He also mentioned that the
corporate communication is a process that helps an organization to maintain the consistency of massages that are used for corporate communication
and at the same time to ensure the transparency of that massages.
It is very difficult to define corporate communication in a single sentence because of the broad area covered by corporate communication. It is a set of
different kinds of formal and informal communication, like management communication, marketing communication, organizational

K + Channels
1) Before starting the experiments, Garrett and Rosenthal hypothesized that K+ channels would be edited as a response to cold. What was the
observation from previous studies that led them to make this prediction? (2pts)
The Hodgkin and Katz study (1949) showed that the rising phase was due to voltage–dependent Na+ channels, and the falling phase was caused by
voltage–dependent K+ channels. With this in mind, they observed that the potassium channel gating is more temperature sensitive than the sodium
channels.
2) What was the strongest evidence that differences in RNA editing (as opposed to differences in genomic sequence) caused differences in the K+
channel kinetics of Antarctic and tropical species? (2pts)
The information gathered ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Was the percentage of editing correlated to environmental temperature or phylogenetic relatedness between octopus species? (1pt) Explain the
experimental evidence that supports your answer (2pts).
It was correlated to environmental temperatures, since phylogenetics could not be the case with 1–5 species of octopus sharing the same genus. Ocean
temperatures vary greatly across small ranges: this is shown with specie 5 compared to species 4 and 1. Although they are very close to each other,
the temperature where specie 6 lives is about 8 degrees Celsius lower than species 1 and 4, which is a huge difference in temperature sensitivity.
Bonus Question. In Figure 3, the authors examine the effects of the I321V editing on the stability of the "open state" of the delayed rectifier. What was
the evidence that this editing site "destabilized the open state"? (1pt)
The editing site "destabilized the open state" by making the open duration become much steeper and quicker compared to the genomic version of the
clone. This incurs a decrease in the probability of the open channels staying in their open state, and prevents action potentials from

Potassium ( K + ) Channels
Potassium (K+) channels are ubiquitous throughout biological systems as they are found in many different cell types including prokaryotes,
eukaryotes and archaea. (However, for the scope of this exam, the examples will be limited to K+ channels found in neurons.) They are tetrameric
integral membrane proteins that assemble to form transmembrane aqueous pores. Their basic function is to allow the passive flow of potassium ions
down an electrochemical gradient rapidly and with high specificity. The high specificity of these channels is crucial in excitable cells such as neurons
as they are able to exclude sodium ions (Na+) despite the sub–angstrom difference between ionic radii, which allows for the establishment of ion
gradients as well as a delayed flow between sodium and potassium ions to shape action potentials. This specificity also allows the channels to establish
and maintain the resting potential in many cells.
All potassium channels have a distinctive, universal feature of two transmembrane (TM) helices and a short loop ("P loop") between them that lines
the top of the pore and is responsible for potassium selectivity. This canonical feature is referred to as 2TM/P. In terms of membrane topology, there
are two broad classes of K+ channels: 1) the two–transmembrane–helix (2TM/P) subunit, typical of the inward rectifying (KIR) channels and, 2) the
6–transmembrane–helix (6TM/P) subunit, typical of voltage–gated (KV ) subtypes. It must be noted that the 6TM/P

Marketing Channels : A Marketing Channel
1.Marketing channels are the courses to advertise used to offer each item and administration that buyers and business purchasers buy all around on the
planet. An advertising channel is an arrangement of reliant association required during the time spent making an item or administration accessible for
use or utilization (Coughlan, 2006). A marketing channel can be characterized as trade connections that make client esteem in the securing, utilization,
and attitude of items and administrations. Promoting channels dependably rise out of an interest that commercial center needs be better off.
Nonetheless, advertises and their necessities never quit evolving; hence, showcasing diverts work in a condition of consistent change and should
always adjust to go up against those progressions. From its beginning to its contemporary standing, the advancement of promoting channels thought can
be partitioned into four phases. (Pelton, 2002) There are four sorts of marketing channel: correspondence, appropriation, administration and production
network. The sort of showcasing channel of Bike Obsession is administration and store network. The Bike Obsession acquires benefits by offering
different sorts of adornments, which are outlined by the proprietor. Inventory network is the showcasing channel to get clients for the owner. In store
network, it is about the procedure of making crude materials into completed items for deals. At the end of the day, store network is likewise called
esteem

Channel Island Research Paper
I jumped out of bed on today, June 19, eagerly waiting when I would finally arrive at the Channel Islands National Park. I have been researching this
park for some time, and I couldn't believe that I was going to spend a few days on these wonderful islands. I got together my tent and my supplies,
and I sooner or later headed out the door.
The boat arrived bright and early, and I spent this time going over research. I read that this park became a National Park on March 5, 1980. It became
a national park due to it attracting many explorers, scientists, and historians. It is also established because of its natural beauty. To conclude, I read that
there are nine islands, but only five became part of the National Park. When the boat reached the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This is the campsite on Santa Barbara Island. A deer mouse scurried out of my tent as I was getting ready for bed. This endangered species interested
me greatly. As I arose that morning, I enjoyed the sound of waves. I decided to go to Santa Rosa for my last day in theChannel Islands National Park. I
took an early boat to this island. I was mournful that I couldn't go to all five islands, but I knew that I can't extend my trip.
When I got off of the boat, I headed to a historic site that I had read about. This place was called Vail and Vickers Island Ranch. It is about 100 years
old and it used to hold 3,000 to 7,000 cattle at a time! For the rest of the day, I just kind of wandered around the green filled trails.
When I arrived on the boat home, I was very unhappy to be leaving this national park. I had such a good time! I realized then why these beautiful
islands are a national treasure. I got a chance to walk where early Europeans did. Also, all five islands have unique landmarks and animals that no
other place has. Lastly, the views are breathtaking. I felt so pleased that I got to visit this national park, and I hope that I can come back

Marketing Channels
Charlotte Langston
Marketing Channels
The marketing channel(s) that will be used to distribute that product and the reason why these channels were selected
Our marketing channels which will be used to distribute the household cleaning products are direct and indirect to consumers and direct and indirect to
businesses.
Direct selling is a dynamic, vibrant, rapidly expanding channel of distribution for the marketing of cleaning products. Direct marketing presents the
product and service directly to consumers in a face to face manner, generally in their homes or homes of others, at their workplace and other places
away from permanent retail location. Direct sales typically occur through explanation or person demonstration by an ... Show more content on
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The best way to sell our product is on a one on one with the retailer. Through interaction we could assure the retailer that we are capable of servicing
their needs. Personal selling is extremely effective. It is open to greater freedom to satisfy customer informational needs. Especially when selling our
product in a highly competitive environment. In perspective, we have the opportunity to sell our cleaning product to a retailer which sells a host of
other products similar to ours. It gives us the opportunity to differentiate our product from our competition. It allows us to interact with potential
buyers and we will gain feedback from the retailer. By personal selling our cleaning product we can convey important information about our product to
the retailer and by doing so, build our brand and develop relationships.
To promote our cleaning product, we could use displays and counter space to attract the customer. We could offer the customers "buy one and get one
free" promotions or coupons to give them more of a product for a lesser cost. We could give the potential buyer/retailer the opportunity to display our
cleaning product on a trial basis. We can offer discount incentives to the retailer. We could base our principal selling technique on the retailers customer
needs and desires (depending on the channel). Personal selling will allow us to interact with the retailer to increase their knowledge about our product.

Marketing Channels
Marketing channels
Term paper
Prepared by: Essam Eldin Khater
Marketing Channels literature review
To reach a target market, the marketer uses marketing channels.
The marketer uses distribution channels to display, sell, or deliver the physical product or service(s) to the buyer or user. They include distributors,
wholesalers, retailers, and agents.
The marketer also uses service channels to carry out transactions with potential buyers. Service channels include warehouses, transportation companies,
banks, and insurance companies that facilitate transactions. Marketers clearly face a design challenge in choosing the best mix of communication,
distribution, and service channels for their offerings.
Successful value ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The marketing department, responding to customer demand, communicates with several distributors and retailers as it attempts to determine ways to
satisfy this demand. Information shared between supply chain partners can only be fully leveraged through process integration.
Supply chain business process integration involves collaborative work between buyers and suppliers, joint product development, common systems and
shared information. According to Lambert and Cooper (2000), operating an integrated supply chain requires a continuous information flow. However,
in many companies, management has reached the conclusion that optimizing the product flows cannot be accomplished without implementing a
process approach to the business.
To streamline the supply chain and cut costs, many manufacturers and retailers have adopted efficient consumer response (ECR) practices to organize
their relationships in three areas:
(1) Demand side management or collaborative practices to stimulate consumer demand by promoting joint marketing and sales activities.
(2) Supply side management or collaborative practices to optimize supply (with a focus on joint logistics and supply chain activities).
(3) Enablers and integrators, or collaborative information technology and process improvement tools to support joint activities that reduce operational

problems, allow greater standardization, and so on.
Research has shown that although ECR has a positive impact on

How Has Communication Changed In The Past Century?
How has communication changed in the past century? Before that question is answered, one must know what communication is. The book defines
communication as the process of transmitting and understanding information. Communication is also known as the task of imparting ideas and making
oneself understood to others. Good communication can ultimately affect a business's profit. For example, the way a waitress speaks to a customer
could directly influence the sales of a restaurant. She could talk a table into purchasing another drink or she could make the guest run for the door.
Effective communication plays a pivotal role in the workplace. Effective communication is accomplished when the transfer of information, meaning
and understanding from a sender to a receiver is successful. Therefore, effective communication requires a two–way exchange of the proper
information. Achieving effective communication is vital to being a successful supervisor. This is because the majority of the day is spent giving and
receiving information. Just like a parent that wants their child to feel comfortable talking to them about things, a supervisor wants to encourage an
environment for their employees to communicate. Therefore, a supervisor must know how to receive information and understand the messages sent by
employees. Also, just as entry–level employees must understand their supervisor's instructions, a supervisor must also be able to fully understand
messages given to them from high–level

Essay on Empowering IBM End Users Through Self-Service
Contemplating on how to make IBM End Users feel confident, assured, and empowered through self–service IT Support
End Users don't want to learn how to use the support site, they just need to use it to resolve the issue at hand and move on. Displaying a large amount
of information to End Users on the support home page will just overwhelm them and make them feel helpless. The user is more likely to try to get help
by seeking an assisted support channel that is more expensive for the company
Below are few of best practices widely used in the industry....
Make it easy to find and use:
Focus on design simplicity for your self help website
Understand the content most often used by visitors, place this content prominently, and you'll get a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Make all your content readable at no more than an eighth–grade reading level, such that the average 14 year–old can make sense of the information.
Make sure that the self help content is easy to read and to the point. End Users will likely quickly scan and flip between pages, to locate the information
they are after. Enriching your content with impactful pictures, graphics, video, bullet points, and bolded text has the effect of forcing the user to glance
at these elements when scanning the page, and likely increase their engagement.
Content written in plain language will increase the effectiveness of the content and will also make it easier to translate content to other languages. The
more complex the language, the more likely it will be poorly translated or misinterpreted particularly when using automated translation tools.
Offer Multichannel Choice:
Depending on the business climate and need you can to pick the channels you want to offer your End Users. Make sure you provide a unified
experience across multiple channels to delivery the best of breed End User experience.
Web self–serve support. Directing interactions that are low in complexity but high in volume to the Self Help Site will result in high self–service rates.
End Users will be able to resolve their problems quickly and effectively while significantly lowering costs.

Social Support (Community's & Forum's). Leveraging the collective

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Liras
It is obvious to us all how fast the e–commerce sector has grown in our country and in the world. Indeed, it had been estimated that the trading
volume would reach the level of 54, 4 billion Turkish Liras at the end of 2015 if it, which achieved 30% growth in the first six months of 2015, kept
up the same growth speed in the other half of the year. Within such a coherently growing sector, it has lately been observed that some e–commerce
brands have a paradigm shift towards opening physical stores; that is, they have a tendency towards starting up physical stores instead of remaining
online only. This system is called "click to brick". Such hybrid structures, which provide a combination of the digital substructures of online websites
and the physical opportunities of retailing like touching and fitting on, are significant steps in terms of ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Moreover, it is rapidly becoming a competitive necessity
–disadvantages
Online–offline channel integration can increase tendency of customer to do research shoping. It means researching from one channel, buying from
another channel
Channels may have different specialities by nature on some product or pricing strategies. Then, complementing eachother can be hard for them.
Lastly, channel integration can become a zero–sum game. While one side is getting all the advantages, disadvantages can get together totally in the
other side
For taking all the advantages and minimizing the disadvantages above mentioned, it is essential to manage integration process properly for companies
who are doing e–commerce and opened up or planning open up physical stores now. Having "right content" is the vital part of this story, what a
surprise пЃЉ! Herein, the content of online store should support integration in every sense. In other words, Inbound Marketing rules are valid again
when online–offline channel integration

Code Division Multiple Access
INTRODUCTION:
Code division multiple access (CDMA) is a technology which is used for radio communication purpose. Multiple access technique is a broad area for
communication purpose , CDMA is an example of multiple access technology, through which several number of transmitter can send information in a
single communication channel. In case of CDMA a particular bandwidth can shared between several number of users. To permit this technique to
achieve without undue interference between users, spread spectrum technology and a special coding scheme are used by CDMA. In modern era every
people want to use things which is smaller in size, can have more functionality and cost. This can only possible if we can integrate more and more
functionality into a single chip which helps achieve our objective and demand. To achieve this human wanting the scientists have developed a new
concept that is nanotechnology. Nano implies 10^(–9) which is very small . After nano scale development, the scientists of the semiconductor had
faced many challenges. The greater challenge was how to combine the Intellectual properties(IP) from various sources quickly and efficiently. These
have been overcome by introducing system on chip technology which is very grooming topic in modern technology. System on chip mostly called as
SOC is a best solution of combining a number on functionality into a single chip. System on chip is called as bus architecture based technology.
System on chip is

Strengths And Weaknesses Of Communication System
Bureaucracy, Standard Operating Procedures and Standard Working Practices necessary to ensure consistency can stifle staff engagement and affect
performance, limits formal procedures and processes. Furthermore, standard letters issued to stakeholders, which offer no facility for amendment or
personalisation, can disassociate and weaken customer relationships.
Network channels of communication, their benefits and implications are not considered. Teams are created purely by location, in order to meet the
organisations future vision for 2020. However, different tasks benefit from different communication networks. For example some roles within TSL
require isolation or home working and would be categorised as a 'wheel ' network whilst others are based upon a processing system following a 'Y'
network structure, see figure 1.5 above. No consideration has been made to the management of virtual teams where effective communication needs to
be encouraged and managed. This is vitally important, especially if the group has not been through the five key stages of group development described
in the model by Bruce W. Tuckman, which follows a group from formation and conflict in establishing boundaries, to performing and finally
adjournment when the group disbands.
The key strength of the organisations communication system is YETI and OneFile: TSL's programme to improve business operations. Since its
implementation, it has streamlined business operations and improved staff engagement by

Channels of Distribution
CHANNELS OF DISTRIBUTION
Even before a product is ready for market, management should determine what methods and routes will be used to get there. This means establishing
strategies for the product distribution channels and physical distribution.
Managing a distribution channel often begins with a producer; therefore we will discuss channels largely from a producer's vantage point.
MIDDLEMEN AND DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS
Ownership of a product has to be transferred somehow from the individual or organization that makes it to the consumer who needs and buys it.
For goods they have to be physically transported from where they are produced to where they are needed but as for services they can't be stripped but
rather are produced and consumed in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
To design distribution channels that satisfy customers and outdo competition, an organized approach is required which includes a sequence of four
decisions;
Specify the role of distribution
Select the type of channel– at this point the firm has to determine whether middlemen will be used in its channel and if so which type of middlemen
Determine intensity of distribution i.e. the number of middlemen used at wholesale and retail levels in a particular territory.
Choose specific channel members– select the specific firms to distribute the product.
SELECTING THE TYPE OF CHANNEL
Firms may rely on existing channels or they may device new channels to better serve current customers and to reach new prospectors.
Direct distribution is a channel consisting only of producers and final customers with no middlemen providing assistance.
Indirect distribution is a channel of producer, final consumer and at least one level of middlemen.
MAJOR DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS
Five channels are widely used in marketing tangible products to ultimate consumers; вќ– Producer–consumer; simplest distribution channel for
consumer goods and involves no middlemen. The producer may sell it from door to door or by mail вќ– Producer–retailer–consumer; many large
retailers buy directly from manufacturers and agricultural producers. вќ– Producer–wholesaler–retailer–consumer; if there is a traditional channel for

Channel Islands Invaded By Simon Hamon
C. Evaluation of Sources
Channel Islands Invaded compiled by Simon Hamon is a collection of first–hand accounts from the citizens living on the Channel Islands during the
German occupation from 1940 to 1945. The purpose of the compilation is to reveal the personal thoughts of those involved in the occupation and report
the daily occurrences on the Channel Islands. The book's values are evinced in the compilation of sources that were in close proximity to the
occupation. Primary sources of the document provide unaltered perspectives of the islanders. The authors of the sources give the perspective of a
variety of social classes, from officials to regular people. The limitations are shown through the possibility of censorship by the British or German
governments to hide the true nature of the occupation. As some documents are taken from public debates and newspapers, opinions may be
sensationalized to persuade citizens into supporting a cause, while the perspective of the occupiers is not shown as prevalently as that of the citizens.
The British Channel Islands Under German Occupation, 1940–1945 by Paul Sanders is a study of the German occupation of the Channel Islands from
1940 to 1945 written and published in 2005 in Great Britain. The purpose of the book is to assess the occupation with a holistic viewpoint in
examining the lives of citizens to rectify misconceptions about the event and present alternative views. The values are evinced in its objectivity in
assessing the

Distribution Channels
31
THE RETAIL
DISTRIBUTION
CHANNEL
C H A P T E R
2
Early in 2005, IBM Business Consulting Services released a survey that compiled in–depth interviews with more than 100 sales, marketing, and
merchandising executives at over 20 consumer products and retail companies. Only 9 percent of the retailers felt their suppliers had "a good
understanding" of their business objectives. The gist of the survey was that retailers felt the product manufacturers have focused their efforts on the end
users of the products (the consumers), without giving as much priority to the needs of the other members of their distribution channels–namely, the
retailers to whom they sell.1
COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL
There are several types of participants that ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These distinctions between various types of stores will be important as we discuss their participation in certain distribution channels.
Wholesalers
Wholesalers are intermediaries or middlemen who buy products from manufacturers and resell them to the retailers. They take the same types of
financial risks as retailers, since they purchase the products (thereby taking legal responsibility for them), keep them in inventory until they are resold
to retailers, and may arrange for shipment to those retailers. Wholesalers can gather product from around a country or region, or can buy foreign
product lines by becoming importers. The term "wholesale" is often used to describe discount retailers (as in
"wholesale clubs"), but discounters are retailers, not technically wholesalers.
And in B2B channels, wholesalers may be called distributors.
Agents and Brokers
Agents (sometimes called brokers) are also intermediaries who work between suppliers and retailers (or in B2B channels), but their agreements are
different, in that they do not take ownership of the products they sell. They are independent sales representatives who typically work on commission
based
Participants in the Distribution Channel 33 on sales volume, and they can sell to wholesalers as well as retailers. In B2B arrangements, this means they
sell to distributors and end users.

Resident sales agents are good examples in retail. They reside in the country to which they sell products,

Technology : Evidence Of Best Practices
IV. Harnessing Technology
Evidence of "best practices"
While J.Crew is not known for having a mobile app or being public about their technological tricks, they are no stranger to using the Internet to get
their messages and style across. J.Crew has a strong presence on social media platforms such as Instagram and Twitter. They tweet constantly and post
pictures multiple times a day. This keeps the customers involved in the retail experience. Often timesJ.Crew will post pictures on Instagram simply of
leaders of the company featuring their clothing. These accounts give a look into the quirkiness of the company and what they strive for in terms of style.
Another great practice of J.Crew's is their involvement in social and environmental ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This means that the associates are able to use the mobile website at checkout to order the customer 's clothing. This merchandise can then be shipped
to the customer's house with free shipping. More and more businesses like J.Crew are doing this because not only does it raise sales in the brick and
mortar stores but it also urges customers to come to the stores to shop.
Another way J Crew collects information is through its online ordering system. When a customer checks out, they are able to create an account that
holds the billing information and shipping address. J Crew then has access to all the necessary information they need to send you catalogs in the mail
or emails or upcoming promotion. This is a great tool to use to keep the customer interested and cross them into all channels the J Crew has to offer.
Database development and management J Crew, like other omni channel retailers, has a lot of data to keep up with. According to the 2014 Annual
report in order to monitor orders, finances, accounting, manufacturing, and distribution J Crew used a third party data collector. This way the company
has all the data organized in one place and can focus on the integrity of the brand. J Crew also uses a point–of–purchase program which tracks
inventory daily. The call center database, storage facilities, and warehouse locators are also updates continuously, having been built for times of the
highest volumes. In addition, stress test are often run on

Case Study Of Channel 4 And Desperate Housewives
It was said that American TV drama Desperate Housewives and other shows allowed Channel 4 to hold on to both advertisers and audiences due to
high profits (after tax of ВЈ48.5 million, an increase of nine per cent). Therefore, the case study of Channel 4 and Desperate Housewives is the
demonstration of whether American programmes on British screens are the process of cultural interaction. Desperate Housewives was screened on
Channel 4's E4. "E" stands for entertainment, up to ahead of one week before other Channel 4 broadcasts. As a youth–focused channel, Channel 4 is
mainly aimed at the 15–35–year–old youth demographic and has a history of broadcasting popular American comedy programme such as Desperate
Housewives (ABC, USA, 2004–2012), How I Met Your Mother (20thTelevision, 2005–2014), Ugly Betty (ABC, USA, 2006–2010) and Friends
(Warner Bros. Television, 1994–2004). ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In the summer of 2008, Big Brother took up the 9 pm or 10 pm slots every day and left no room for Desperate Housewives on the schedules.
Therefore, American imported programmes serve as a role of filling a programme gap when British broadcasters fail to. This could also be explained
from the historical perspective of American programmes on the British screen. Dating back to the mid–1980s, the majority of imports, mostly
American, tended to be used in expanding off–peak slots. The competitive advantage lay in indigenous productions over foreign imports was deemed to
be a strategy of British channels. By using domestic programmes, these channels hoped to appear more distinctive than the smaller terrestrial and newer
satellite and cable channels that were relying heavily on American programmes (Rixon

Old Disney Channel Persuasive Speech
It was late Saturday night, and I was scrolling through channels, and all of a sudden my childhood flashed before me. To hear the main theme song
"Thats So Raven" playing out of my tv speakers; made me realize how much I missed The Old Disney Channel. I watched and cherished the moments
of faces and theme songs that made my childhood complete that Saturday night; I'm 16 now, but I still watch Disney Channel. Just not the new Disney
of course. From where I stand, the new generation of Disney is complete nonsense, but of course everybody has his or her own opinion, and it drives
me nuts not to smack them upside the head and say " What's wrong with you? the 90's and 2000's shows were the best.
Some say todays Disney Channel is quite refreshing, the humor is out of this world, or it teaches us life lessons. Now what does K.C Undercover
teach us? How to be spies and capture evil people. Let's be realistic here! OLD DISNEY CHANNEL WILL ALWAYS BE THE BEST! We need
shows that apply to real life situations, and there was only one era where we learned that from: 90's. " I don't understand why you're laughing? What's
so funny about this show? It's pointless." I find myself asking these questions regularly when I watch todays Disney Channel. Why do the producers or
directors find it necessary to insert canned ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The show mainly focus on clashing personalities of siblings Ren and Louis. Personally I find it funny when you have brother and sister bickering at
each other, but at the end of the day they always find a way to make up. It relates to my brother and me. We have our arguments about who gets to
the tv first and who gets to watch what, or taking my stuff without my permission, but at the end of the day I still love him. I Didnt Do It will never be
funny, nor will it ever have that true bonding experience as Even Stevens

Airchair Essay
Overview
Cabletronica U.S. is a mature successful cable and wireless company, which had just made an acquisition of WorldFurniture in New York. Through
several researches, Cabletronica invested Cushy Armchair in Hong Kong, which strategically related to achieve expanding the scope of operation.
Cushy Armchair is the well–known leader in global reclining chair business and has fully autonomous business group in 17 countries. Alison Sampson
is the new leader of CA with abundant cable background financial knowledge, who announced new decisions to executives through e–mail after two
weeks on the job. However, two months later, she found that no one responded her decisions.
Problems:
1. Senior personnel change
The suddenly senior ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
3. Decision
Sampson made several decisions, but there were some problems. At first, Sampson made decisions only after two weeks on the job. The efficiency of
decisions was questionable, based on her limited experiences and understandings of manufacturing setting and CA's internal operation. Because the
differences across the world, the business groups in 17 countries have autonomy to satisfy the needs of different customers. Currently Sampson required
all advertising campaigns should be co–ordinated through New York, which was doubt. It is difficult to evaluate the advertising made by New York
experts will achieve customer satisfaction of different countries. However, the centralization is counter to the general decentralized model of CA. CA
used the decentralized model was sensible and had paid off handsomely compared with inconsequential economies of scales while national market
differences were substantial.CausesThere was a "lack of fit" between process and task. In this case, the process is the communication system. Because
the different corporate cultures, the different communication systems influenced Sampson cannot achieve her task. In Cabletronica, using e–mail to
communicate is a usual way. In instance, the senior personnel changing as an important decision, was also announced by the chief operating officer
through e–mail. However, it is not useful in CA.

Case Study: The Channel Island Foxes
The Channel Island foxes are North America's tiniest (and cutest) wild canids.
Remarkably, a full grown adult weighs a mere FOUR pounds! A thick coat of reddish–brown to gray fur and a small frame makes them easy to identify.
For thousands of years, they occupied six of eight Channel Islands. However, they have never been more endangered than they are now.
Until the 1990's sent the foxes on a downward spiral, they flourished in their island habitat. Why? In a 1920's expedition a biologist wrote that there
was not a "foe to prey upon them." The only animals that posed a remote threat were bald eagles. The eagles ignored the foxes, mainly feeding off of
sea life such as fish. In fact, up until the 1990's a count showed 1,500 foxes living ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
DDT is a chemical that is widely known for is properties as an insecticide. When humans discovered this "wonder product" the whole country was on
fire! The one company that made the most money was Montrose Chemical Corporation. From 1942 – 1971, when DDT was banned, the MCC pumped
out DDT tons at a time. However, the bigshots were faced with a problem. Where do you dump all the leftover byproduct? Hey, why not the ocean!
When DDT byproduct, DDE, was dumped into the ocean, fish and other seafood had it leached into them. This meant the bald eagles' main food
source was contaminated. When the bald eagles ingested their main source of food, the DDE became very concentrated in them. When bald eagles
attempted to lay eggs, barely any would hatch! The DDE caused their eggs to be porous, and the eggs fail to hatch. This meant the bald eagles' total
extinction on the Channel Islands by the 1950's.
With the bald eagles now gone, the role of top predator on the Islands was left open.
For years, the golden eagles, a huge threat to the foxes, had been kept away by the bald eagles. Not anymore! The goldens jumped on this chance and
swooped in. Immediately, foxes slowly began dying. As the population of foxes rapidly began to decrease, this left the people studying them scratching
their heads. A 1994 study conducted by Gary Roemer answered all the questions. 90% offox carcasses showed evidence of golden harm. Surely, the
delicate woven infrastructure of the island

Rhetorical Analysis Essay On Discovery Channel
One with the Planet
Earth is the only planet known to support life. This life has created millions of different species, all part of a complex food chain and all with a
distinct niche. These species all have differing habitats, ranging from freezing tundras and parched deserts to vast oceans and lavish rainforests.
Among these species, one seems to overpower every other: homosapiens. Humans have made it their duty to find a way to survive in all sorts of
environments, to explore every inch of the planet, and to make the best of what they discover. There are so many things to do, so many things to
create, that humans are still working to reach their full potential. One such network that shows everything there is to show is Discovery Channel. In one
commercial ad, Discovery Channel uses strong persuasion skills and rhetorical devices to make viewers feel that the Earth is amazing and that the entire
human race is one large planet–loving group of people, all while luring people to watch their programs.
In this one minute video commercial, Discovery Channel begins by showing two astronauts in outer space ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The tune was carried to different parts of the world and included divergent professions and practices. Each clip showed people loving what they do; a
few of those things were calming rituals, some were thrilling experiences, and still others were critical professions. With the change in experiences
came a change in volume. This induced feelings of peace, happiness, and adrenaline on the viewers, and somehow all of these sentiments were
positively linked with the thought of planet Earth. The simple use of such a variety that incorporates both the traditionally "ugly" and "beautiful" and
the "boring" and "exciting" parts of the Earth into one smooth video leads viewers to embrace the Earth as a

Channel Islands National Park Research Paper
Carson Northcliffe
Mr. Chapman
U.S History
December 2, 2017
Channel Islands National Park
The Channel Islands are located on the coast of Southern California in the Pacific Ocean between the cities Los Angeles and Santa Maria. Channel
Islands National Park are made up of a chain of eight islands, Anacapa Island, San Miguel Island, Santa Cruz Island, Santa Rosa Island, San
Clemente, San Nicolas, Santa Barbara, and Santa Catalina Island. In total, the park covers 249,561 acres. The islands are filled with a large variety
of animals from land to aquatic. From the center of channel islands to the coast of Santa Barbara, it is approximately thirty miles, But it takes around
two and a half hours to travel to the islands by boat. Opposed to the almost three–hour boat ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
It is also the position of the discovery of the earliest evidence of humans in North America. The Channel Islands are at the moment known to have been
inhabited by marine Paleo Indian peoples from at the minimum thirteen thousand years ago. The Chumash people were removed from the islands in the
19th century and then later on transported to the Spanish missions. For a full century, the Channel Islands were used for ranching and fishing and that
affected the ecosystem. For example, they were the main reason bald eagles and sea otters have been endangered in southern California because both of
those animals were used as a food source for the Native Americans for centuries. Most of the Channel Islands is now newly owned by federal
agencies to help fix the redevelopment of the island's ecosystem. They have made a huge impact on the island's ecosystem. A few of the islands were
utilized by fishers and they wanted to specifically hunt for sperm whales in the 1930's.The Channel Islands aren't highly visited but they have had over
350,000 people visit the island since 2006 and estimated around 70,000 visitors

Marketing Channels
Running head: DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS
Distribution Channels and Their Impact on Marketing Strategies
Name:
Institution:
DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS
Abstract
This paper discusses the importance of choosing appropriate channel members and also identifies and discusses criteria that should be used by the car
compact disc player manufacturer when evaluating potential intermediaries for the firm's distribution channel. This is important for this firm since it's
only through these marketing channels that their product is going to reach the consumer. The customer in this case is the auto makers who are intended
to buy the newly developed compact disc player to fix them in the automobiles. The method for marketing this product is therefore ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
Bert (1998) explains that the best channel that any manufacturer should prioritize on is one that makes the end product user happiest, so that they are
always willing to buy again the same product from the same channel member. So it's up to the manufacturer to select a marketing channel that best
serves the interests of the customer.
There are various criteria that are used by the manufacturers to evaluate potential intermediaries for firm's distribution channel. Among this criteria
include
1.Lot size
2.Waiting time
DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL
3.Spatial convenience
4.Product variety
5.Service backup
I will discuss each of the above criteria which should be used by the compact disc manufacturer to evaluate for an appropriate distribution member
Lot size: – this refers to the number of units a typical customer is allowed to buy by a marketing channel in a particular buying occasion. When the lot
number is small, then grater output service should be provided by the channel (Kotler, 2000). In our case above, if the compact disc player

manufacturer selects a channel member that offers small number of CD players to buying customers, this means increased costs for the manufacturer,
and an alternative channel member should be sought.
Waiting time and delivery time:–this refers to the length of time that the customer waits, for the receipt of goods. Customers always prefer delivery

The Effect Of Calcium Channels On The Brain
Discuss the advantages of potassium channel diversity in the brain.
Introduction
Brain is the most complex organ in the human body. Brain and spinal cord made up part of the nervous system called central nervous system (CNS).
The cerebral cortex which is the largest part of human brain has more than 100 billion of neurones, and each connected by synapses that communicate
to other neurons (Pelvig DP, et al., 2008). There are several types of ion channels present along the neurons, one of these is potassium channels.
Potassium channels are the integral membrane proteins that span through phospholipids bilayer of cell surface membrane which rapidly conduct
potassium ions down their electrochemical gradient (Mark S.P. Sansom, et al., 2002). There are many forms of potassium channels with different
functional properties. Therefore, how the tremendous diversity of potassium channels contribute well to the biological process in brain? It is vital for
us to understand the important of potassium channel diversity and know benefits for the existence of the potassium channels diversity in the brain?
Diversity of Potassium Channels
Potassium channels are a diverse group of ion channels and have been characterized biophysically. After the first cloning of genetic mutation
Drosophila shaker potassium channels (Jan et al., 1977), many other potassium channels gene in other organisms have been identified. Walter Stuhmer,
et al., 1989 suggests that the molecular basis for the diversity

Structure Function Analysis Of Sodium Channels
Structure Function Analysis of Sodium Channels in Human iPSC–derived Neurons
Keywords: iPSC, sodium channel, electrophysiology, neuron, inactivation
Background: Neuronal excitability mediated by sodium–dependent action potentials (APs) is required for rapid and specific communication in our
brains. This underlies our ability to sense and respond to stimuli and for higher order cognitive functions including learning and memory. Voltage gated
sodium channels (NaVs) open in response to membrane depolarization and initiate the AP. The О± subunit is the major functional unit of NaVs and is
comprised of 4 homologous domains (DI–DIV), each containing 6 transmembrane segments (S1–6)4,5. S4, the voltage sensor that detects
depolarization, contains 4–8 positively charged amino acids each separated by two hydrophobic residues4,6. The positive charges on S4 are pushed
outward by the electric field during membrane depolarization leading to channel opening, allowing influx of positively charged sodium ions down their
concentration gradient4. Fast inactivation helps return the membrane to rest by blocking the conductance of sodium ions through the channel pore 1,2.
Studies in expression systems suggest that the DIVS4 plays a unique role in inactivation1,2,3,6. Recent wholeWhole genome sequencing data
associated with human disease identify other potentially important amino acid in the DIVS45,8. Two mutations of the 4th positive charge in DIVS4
(aka 4R4), 4R4H (arginine to histidine) and

International Marketing Channels
. ORANA uses both its own sales staff and independent distributors to increase retail sales in Vietnam. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of
this strategy. ORANA realized the huge opportunity in covering new market areas due to the increasing demand in Vietnam as an emerging market,
many indications showed that annual sales has a potential growth rate of around 20%, due to the increasing purchasing power, the middle class is
growing, and people are willing to try new products. Therefore ORANA wanted to take the opportunity of being a fast mover and expanded its
distribution from Ho Chi Minh City (Saigon), to the central and northern parts of Vietnam, by starting direct sales through independent distributors
instead of relying... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
* Population Distribution: The northern and specialy central parts of Vietnam are mainly rural areas with a very low population density in some
parts. (Map 3.2) * Poverty: The majority of the poor are farmers who live in rural, isolated, mountainous or disaster prone areas, the households often
have many children, the poor are disproportionately likely to be from an ethnic minority, In the rural areas, households with average income of US
$150 (Wikipedia) are regarded as poor households. Poverty line percentage for Vietnam's households was estimated 12 percent at the end of 2011.
(Wikipedia). For ORANA to collect this information will cost time and money, besides in some countries locals may not cooperate with foreigners just
because of lack of understanding, or cultural reasons. – Instant access to market by utilizing local distributers Network: The local distributers already
have established distribution Networks, and most probably a complex one to deal with Vietnam special demographic and geographic elements which is
difficult for ORANA to duplicate alone. – Power dependent theory (PDT): By using both own sales staff and local distributers ORANA reduces the
power dependence on local distributers which will also lead to less opportunism, and on the long run ORANA will adapt and gain the

Viabiliy of News Channels in India
ASSIGNMENT
OF
PM
TOPIC: VIABILITY OF NEWS CHANNELS IN INDIA
[pic]
SUBMITTED TO:SUBMITTED BY:
MR. SATINDER KUMARSURJEET SINGH (LECTURER)MBA II (D) 5918
SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES
PUNJABI UNIVERSITY, PATIALA
INTRODUCTION
TELEVISION NEWS media is one of the most important catalysts that has an invariably important role to play in shaping up public opinions,
sentiments, and dogmas by promulgating accurate and desirable information and knowledge. Due to its vast intrusion in public life, it has the power of
creating an enduring impact on society and culture of a region. Today, TV news channels in India are facing a qualitative crisis pertaining to
disseminated content in the package ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In other words we can say that these are popular in metro cities like Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai etc. these channels can be seen in small cities.
But these are not as important in small cities as in big cities.
Level of news given by English news channels
If there is a issue about the level of news channels. then English news channels are very appropriate. News given by these news channels are 90%
real. English news channels give real news as much as possible. so it can be said that these are better than Hindi news channels. However news
channels have much importance in metropolitan cities but we come to small cities, there are some problems occur because more than 65% Indian

population live in villages & nearby areas. They are mostly illiterate in these areas . English is beyond their thinking.
HINDI NEWS CHANNELS
AZAD NEWS NDTV INDIA ZEE NEWS AAJ TAK DD NEWS SAHARA SAMAY TEZ INDIA TV INDIA NEWS P
–7 NEWS STAR NEWS LIVE
INDIA CNEB NEWS 24 A TO Z NEWS FOCUS TV IBN
–7 TOTAL TV TV100
VIABILITY OF HINDI NEWS CHANNELS: Hindi is the national language of India. It is the most spoken language of India also. So most people
prefer to watch Hindi news channels. The list of Hindi news channels is very long. But only a few of them give relative information. There is no
objection by the la to broadcast any channel. So most private channels have made it as a

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