Ch3(working with file)

include()
• The include() statement enables you to incorporate files into your PHP documents
– <?php include("11.php"); ?>
– <?php
$addResult = include("a.php");
print "The include file returned $addResult";
?>
– a.php
<?php
$retval = ( 4 + 4 );
return $retval;
?>
– EX:
<?php
for ( $x=1; $x<=3; $x++ ) {
$incfile = "file".$x.".txt";
include( "$incfile" );
}
?>

require_once()/ include_once
• EX:
<?php
for ( $x=1; $x<=3; $x++ ) {
include_once( "$incfile" );// require_once( "$incfile" );
}
for ( $x=1; $x<=3; $x++ ) {
include_once( "$incfile" );
}
?>

Testing Files
• You can test for the existence of a file with the file_exists() function, return true
and false.
EX:
<?php
if ( file_exists ("12.php") ) {
print "The file exists!";}
else
{ print "Not found file";}
?>
• You can confirm that the entity you are testing is a file, as opposed to a directory,
with the is_file() function
EX:
<?php
if ( is_file( "file1.txt" ) ) {
print "test.txt is a file!";
}
?>

EX: is directory te?
<?php
if ( is_dir( "a" ) ) {
print "a is a directory";
}
else
{
print "a is not directory te!";
} ?>
EX: Checking the Status of a File
if ( is_readable( "test.txt" ) ) { print "test.txt is readable"; }
if ( is_writable( "test.txt" ) ) { print "test.txt is writable"; }
if ( is_executable( "test.txt" ) ){ print "test.txt is executable"; }
print "The size of test.txt is. "; print filesize( "test.txt" );
EX:
$atime = fileatime( "test.txt" );
print "test.txt was last accessed on ";
print date("D d M Y g:i A", $atime); // Sample output: Tue 19 Aug 2003 4:26 PM
EX:
$mtime = filemtime( "test.txt" ); print "test.txt was last modified on "; print date("D d M Y g:i A",
$mtime); // Sample output: Tue 19 Aug 2003 4:26 PM
EX:
<?php $ctime = filectime( "file1.txt" );print "test.txt was last changed on ";print date("D d M Y g:i
A", $ctime);?>

Creating and Deleting Files
• touch("myfile.txt"); //create file
• unlink("myfile.txt"); //remove file
The most common modes are read ('r'), write ('w'), and append ('a'). fopen() returns
a file resource you will later use to work with the open file.
• $fp = fopen( "test.txt", 'r' );
• $fp = fopen( "test.txt", 'w' );
• $fp = fopen( "test.txt", 'a' );
• if ( $fp = fopen( "test.txt", "w" ) ) { // do something with $fp }
• ( $fp = fopen( "test.txt", "w" ) ) or die ("Couldn't open file, sorry");
• fclose( $fp );
If you are writing a binary file on a Windows system, you should add a 'b' flag to your
fopen() mode argument.
• $fp = fopen( "binary_file", "wb" ); and read them like this:
• $fp = fopen( "binary_file", "rb" );

Reading from Files
Reading Lines from a File with fgets() and feof()
•feof($line = fgets( $fp, 1024 ); // where $fp is the file resource returned by fopen()
•$fp ); // where $fp is the file resource returned by fopen()

Reading Arbitrary Amounts of Data from a File with fread()
•Rather than reading text by the line, you can choose to read a file in arbitrarily defined chunks.
•EX:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>Listing 11.10 Reading a File with fread()</title>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<?php
$filename = "test.txt";
$fp = fopen( $filename, "r" ) or die("Couldn't open $filename");
while ( ! feof( $fp ) ) {
$chunk = fread( $fp,1 );
print "$chunk<br/>";
}
?>
</div>
</body>
</html>

Moving Around a File with fseek()
•EX:
<html>
<head>
<title> Listing 11.11 Moving Around a File with fseek()</title>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<?php
$fsize = filesize($filename);
$halfway = (int)( $fsize / 2 );
print "Halfway point: $halfway <br/>n";
fseek( $fp, $halfway );
$chunk = fread( $fp, ($fsize - $halfway) );
print $chunk;
?>
</div>
</body>
</html>

Reading Characters with fgetc()
•fgetc() is similar to fgets() except that it returns only a single character from a file every time it
is called.
•fgetc() doesn't require a length argument.
•$char = fgetc( $fp );
•EX:
<html>
<head>
<title>Listing 11.12 Reading Characters with fgetc()</title>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<?php
while ( ! feof( $fp ) ) {
$char = fgetc( $fp );
print "$char<br/>";
}
?>
</div>
</body></html>

Reading the Contents of a File with file_get_contents()
•EX:
<?php
$contents = file_get_contents( "test.txt" );
print $contents;
?>
•EX:
<?php
$file_array = file( "test.txt" );
$contents = implode( $file_array );
print $contents;
?>

Writing or Appending to a File
• Writing to a File with fwrite() or fputs()
• $fp = fopen( "test.txt", "w" );//write to a file
• $fp = fopen( "test.txt", "a" ); //file already exists, any prior content is destroyed and replaced by the data you
write.
• EX:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-
strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>Listing 11.13 Writing and Appending to a File</title>
</head>
<body>
<div>
<?php
$filename = "test2.txt";
print "Writing to $filename<br/>";
$fp = fopen( $filename, "w" ) or die("Couldn't open $filename");
fwrite( $fp, "Hello worldn" );
fclose( $fp );
print "Appending to $filename<br/>";
$fp = fopen( $filename, "a" ) or die("Couldn't open $filename");
fputs( $fp, "And another thingn" );
fclose( $fp );
?>
</div>
</body>
</html>

•Writing Data to a File with file_put_contents()
•file_put_contents( "test2.txt", "Hello worldn" );
•file_put_contents( "test2.txt", "And another thingn", FILE_APPEND );
•Locking Files with flock()
•EX:
$fp = fopen( "test.txt", "a" ) or die("couldn't open");
flock( $fp, LOCK_EX ); // exclusive lock
// write to the file
flock( $fp, LOCK_UN ); // release the lock
fclose( $fp );

Ch3(working with file)

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