Damage to the brain from interruption of its blood supply. A stroke is a medical emergency.

1. Cerebro-vascular
Accident
Presented by
Rhema Stephy
BPT IInd year
Geriatrics…
Dec. 08, 2023

2. AGENDA
Introduction
Definition
Risk Factors
Anatomy
Pathophysiology
Classification
Differences
Prevention
Diagnosis &
Treatment

3. Cerebro-vascular Accident results from ischemia to a
part of the brain or hemorrhage into the brain that
results in death of brain cells.
Introduction!

4. Definition
The sudden death of some brain cells due
to lack of oxygen when the blood flow to
the brain is impaired by blockage
or rupture of an artery to the brain.
A CVA is also referred to as a stroke.

5. RISK
FACTORS
Non-modifiable
Contrallable

6. Non-modifiable
Age – Occurrence doubles each decade >55 years
Gender – Equal for men & women; women die more
frequently than men
Race – African Americans, Native Americans, Asian
Americans -- higher incidence
Heredity – family history, prior transient ischemic
attack, or prior stroke increases risk

7. Controllable
High blood pressure
Diabetes
Cigarette smoking
TIA (Aspirin)
High blood cholesterol
Obesity
Heart Disease
Atrial fibrillation
Oral contraceptive use
Physical inactivity
Sickle cell disease
Asymptomatic carotid stenosis
Hypercoagulability

8. Anterior: Carotid Arteries – middle &
anterior cerebral arteries
Posterior: Vertebral Arteries – basilar
artery
Circle of Willis – connects the
anterior & posterior cerebral
circulation
20% of cardiac output—750-1000ml/min
>30 second interruption– neurologic
metabolism is altered;
metabolism stops in 2 minutes;
brain cell death < 5 mins.
Anatomy of
Cerebral
Circulation

9. Pathophysiology
Artherosclerosis
Thrombus formation &
emboli development
Series of metabolic
events

10. Classifications
Ischemic Stroke
Thrombotic
Embolic
Hemorrhagic Stroke
Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

11. Cerebro-vascular
Accident
Presented by
Rhema Stephy
BPT IInd year
Geriatrics…
Dec. 08, 2023

12. Cerebro-vascular
Accident
Presented by
Rhema Stephy
BPT IInd year
Geriatrics…
Dec. 08, 2023

13. Fill the lead role first
Continue filling in the rest
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3
4
Build the rest of the team
Build the rest of the team
Add roles as needed
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Add roles as needed
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Build the rest of the team
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Add roles as needed
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14. Fill the lead role first
Continue filling in the rest
Build the rest of the team
2
3
Build the rest of the team
Build the rest of the team
Add roles as needed
Add roles as needed
Add roles as needed
Add roles as needed
Build the rest of the team
Build the rest of the team
Build the rest of the team
Add roles as needed
Add roles as needed
Add roles as needed
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comments
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15. Fill the lead role first
Continue filling in the rest
Build the rest of the team
2
3
Build the rest of the team
Build the rest of the team
Add roles as needed
Add roles as needed
Add roles as needed
Add roles as needed
Build the rest of the team
Build the rest of the team
Build the rest of the team
Add roles as needed
Add roles as needed
Add roles as needed
Use sticky
notes to add
comments
Just copy and
paste to duplicate
this sticky note
or press "S" as a
keyboard shortcut

16. Clinical
Manifestations
Affects emotions
Intellectual
Function
Communication
Receptive Aphasia:
Wernicke’s area
Expressive Aphasia:
Broca’s area

17. Prevention
Healthy diet
Weight control
Regular exercise
No smoking
Limit alcohol consumption
Route health assessment
Control of risk factors

18. Diagnosis &
Treatment
Diagnosis:
CT without contrast
Confirm that TIA is not related to brain lesions
Cardiac Evaluation
Rule out cardiac mural thrombi
Treatment:
Medications that prevent platelet aggregation
ASA, Plavix
Oral anticoagulants