Introduction: Language Processors, the structure of a compiler, the science of building a compiler, programming language basics.
Lexical Analysis: The Role of the Lexical Analyzer, Input Buffering, Recognition of Tokens, The Lexical-Analyzer Generator Lex, Finite Automata, From Regular Expressions to Automata, Design of a Lexical-Analyzer Generator, Optimization of DFA-Based Pattern Matchers
Introduction: Language Processors, the structure of a compiler, the science of building a compiler, programming language basics.
Lexical Analysis: The Role of the Lexical Analyzer, Input Buffering, Recognition of Tokens, The Lexical-Analyzer Generator Lex, Finite Automata, From Regular Expressions to Automata, Design of a Lexical-Analyzer Generator, Optimization of DFA-Based Pattern Matchers
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
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CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdf
CD UNIT-1.3 LEX PPT.pptx
1. CS416 Compiler Design 1
Unit – I Syllabus
Introduction: Language processors,
The Structure of a Compiler,
The science of building a complier
Lexical Analysis: The Role of the lexical analyzer,
Input buffering,
Specification of tokens,
Recognition of tokens,
The lexical analyzer generator: Lex,
Design of a Lexical Analyzer generator
2. Compiler Construction Tools
Writing a Compiler is difficult and time consuming task. There are some specialized tools
for helping implementation of various phases of compiler. These Tools are called Compiler
Construction Tools.
Some of the Tools are shown below:
1)Scanner: generates lexical analyzers based on the given regular expressions.
Example: LEX tool
2)Parse Generator: produces Syntax analyzer where specification must be given in CFG.
Example: YACC tool
3)Syntax-Directed Translation Engines: It helps us to produce intermediate code generator
based on the given parse tree Notations in the form of SDD.
4)Data Flow Engine: It helps us to produce code optimizer.
5)Automatic Code Generator: It helps us to produce code generator, that takes intermediate
code and converts into equivalent machine code.
3. Lexical Analyzer Generator - Lex
Introduction:-
Lex is a Unix utility which generates the Lexical analyzer.
Lex allows us to specify a lexical analyzer by regular expressions to
describe patterns for tokens.
The input notation for the Lex tool is referred to as the Lex language
program and the tool itself is the Lex compiler.
Behind the scenes, the Lex compiler transforms the input pattern regular
expressions into a transition diagram and generates c-language code, in a
file called lex.yy.c, that simulates this transition diagram.
5. Here, the input file, which we call lex.1, is written in the Lex language
and describes the lexical analyzer to be generated in terms of regular
expressions.
The Lex compiler transforms lex.1 to a C program, in a file that is named
lex.yy.c that simulates this transition diagram.
There after, lex.yy.c file is compiled by the C compiler into a file called
a. out.
The C-Compiler outcome file (a.out) is a working lexical analyzer, when
it is executed it take a stream of input characters and produce a stream of
tokens.
7. The Declarations section includes declarations of variables,
manifest constants used in regular Expressions.
The Translation rules section consists rules of the form
Pattern { Action }
Each pattern is a regular expression, which may use the
regular definitions of the declaration section.
The actions are fragments of code, typically written in C.
The Auxiliary Section holds whatever additional functions
are used in the actions.
8. Example1:
Write a simple Lex source program that recognizes Noun and Verb from the
given set of Strings.
Sol:-
9. Example2:
%{
/* definitions of manifest constants
LT, LE, EQ, NE, GT, GE,
IF, THEN, ELSE, ID, NUMBER, RELOP */
%}
/* regular definitions*/
%%
delim [ tn]
ws {delim}+
letter [A-Za-z]
digit [0-9]
id {letter}({letter}|{digit})*
number {digit}+(.{digit}+)?(E[+-]?{digit}+)?
{ws} {/* no action and no return */}
if {return(IF);}
then {return(THEN);}
else {return(ELSE);}
{id} {yylval = (int) installID(); return(ID); }
{number} {yylval = (int) installNum(); return(NUMBER);}
…
10. CS416 Compiler Design 10
Unit – I Syllabus
Introduction: Language processors,
The Structure of a Compiler,
The science of building a complier
Lexical Analysis: The Role of the lexical analyzer,
Input buffering,
Specification of tokens,
Recognition of tokens,
The lexical analyzer generator Lex,
Design of a Lexical Analyzer generator
11. 11
Design of a Lexical Analyzer generator
Introduction:-
lexical-analyzer generator is architected by Finite State Machine
with two approaches namely based on NFA and DFA;
Lex tool uses the DFA implementation internally.
12. 12
Structure of the Generated Analyzer:-
The program that serves as the lexical analyzer includes a fixed
program that implements an automaton for the given LEX
program.
Below diagram shows the architecture of a lexical analyzer
generated by Lex.
14. 14
Here, the Lex program is turned into a transition table and actions
by the Lex Compiler, which are used by the Finite Automaton
Simulator.
Automaton is constructed by taking each regular-expression
pattern in the Lex program and converting it into an NFA, after
that it is converted into DFA and corresponding Transition table
is constructed.
When Transition Table is executed it creates Automaton that reads
the input buffer strings of source program and returns all
accepted lexemes and tokens
15. CS416 Compiler Design 15
Unit – I Syllabus
Introduction: Language processors,
The Structure of a Compiler,
The science of building a complier
Lexical Analysis: The Role of the lexical analyzer,
Input buffering,
Specification of tokens,
Recognition of tokens,
The lexical analyzer generator Lex,
Design of a Lexical Analyzer generator
16. 16
Finite Automata
Introduction:-
Regular expression is used as specification for Lexical Analyzer.
Finite automata is implementation of Lexical Analyzer
A finite automaton consists of
A set of states Q
An input alphabet
A start state q0
A set of transitions : state input state
A set of accepting states F Q
17. 17
Transition
s1 a s2
It is read as:
State s1 on input “a” go to state s2
After reading input
If it is in Final state => accept,
otherwise => reject
If no transition possible => reject
20. 20
Example1
A finite automaton that accepts only “1”
A finite automaton accepts a string if it reaches Final
State after reading the input string.
1
21. 21
Example2
A finite automaton accepting any number of 1’s followed
by a single 0
Where Alphabet: {0,1}
22. 22
Example2
A finite automaton accepting any number of 1’s followed
by a single 0
Where Alphabet: {0,1}
Check that “1110” is accepted but “110…” is not
0
1
25. 25
Epsilon Moves
Another kind of transition: -moves
• Machine can move from state A to state B
without reading input
A B
26. 26
Deterministic and Nondeterministic Automata
Deterministic Finite Automata (DFA)
One transition per input per state
No -moves
Nondeterministic Finite Automata (NFA)
Can have multiple transitions for one input in a given state
Can have -moves