CASTELLAN LANGUAGES
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The document discusses the differences between human and animal communication. It notes that while animals emit sounds and expressions to communicate, human language possesses seven unique characteristics, including using grammar, communicating new ideas, and being passed down between generations. However, some primate studies have found that they share some human language traits. Overall, human language allows people to relate grammatical units to form an infinite number of understood sentences and ideas. For language to exist there must be physiological, grammatical, and semantic factors, including relating sounds to shared meanings between speakers.
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Human Language vs Animal Communication
This document discusses several key properties of human language and compares it to communication systems in animals. It notes that human language allows for references to past, present and future, has arbitrary connections between forms and meanings, and has an infinite potential number of utterances due to its productivity. It also discusses the discreteness and duality of language. The document then provides examples of bird calls and songs, primate communication using gestures, and characteristics of animal communication systems like their signals having set responses and functions, lack of creativity, and transmission without change across generations.
The difference between human and animal language
Human language is culturally transmitted between generations and allows people to learn multiple languages, whereas animal communication is transmitted biologically and they cannot learn new systems. Human language is also far more productive, with an infinite number of potential utterances, and uses duality of patterning with sounds (phonemes) combined into meaningful units (morphemes). This dual structure is not present in animal communication systems.
The theme of diffeences between human language and animal communication system
UNEFM, Inglés, Lingüística General, Linguistics, The theme of diffeences between human language and animal communication system
What is language_linguisticspresentation
This document discusses the key features that distinguish human language from animal communication systems. It notes that while animals use sounds and signals to communicate, human language has properties like arbitrariness, displacement, creativity, and structure dependence. It is culturally learned rather than innate, uses duality where sounds combine into meaningful units, and can discuss things that are not present. Overall, the document analyzes how human language operates as a complex, rule-based system compared to most animal signaling systems.
Human language
This document compares human language and animal communication. It outlines the key characteristics of human language, including its social, learned, rule-based, and creative nature. It then discusses animal communication, describing the basic components of signaller, receiver, signal, and channels. It provides examples of different types of animal communication including visual signals like honeybee dances, auditory calls, and chemical signals like pheromones. The document notes that while animal communication conveys information, human language has significant qualities like arbitrariness of meaning and infinite creativity that are not present in animal communication systems.
A presentation on human language vs animal communication
This document compares human language and animal communication. It summarizes that while animals can convey basic messages through signs, human language is far more advanced, with features like semantics, pragmatics, cultural transmission, arbitrariness, and productivity. It analyzes cases of honeybee dances, bird imitation, and dog commands. The key differences are that human language has a creative open-ended grammar allowing unlimited messages, while animal communication consists of limited, innate responses that change slowly through evolution.
Gl second lecture
The document discusses several key design features of human language and communication systems:
1. Language is arbitrary but rule-governed, allowing humans to produce an infinite number of utterances through a finite set of rules.
2. It is discrete, composed of identifiable linguistic units, but only discernible with knowledge of the linguistic system.
3. It can displace communication beyond the present time and place through cultural transmission from generation to generation.
The nature of language
Language is a uniquely human capacity that is defined by several key properties. Unlike animal communication systems, language uses discrete units that can be combined and recombined productively based on rules. This double articulation allows humans to discuss topics that are not directly present through meaningful combinations of meaningless units. Additionally, language allows for displacement so one can talk about things in other times and places, both concrete and abstract, and signs are arbitrarily connected to meanings rather than naturally.
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Human Language vs Animal Communication
This document discusses several key properties of human language and compares it to communication systems in animals. It notes that human language allows for references to past, present and future, has arbitrary connections between forms and meanings, and has an infinite potential number of utterances due to its productivity. It also discusses the discreteness and duality of language. The document then provides examples of bird calls and songs, primate communication using gestures, and characteristics of animal communication systems like their signals having set responses and functions, lack of creativity, and transmission without change across generations.
The difference between human and animal language
Human language is culturally transmitted between generations and allows people to learn multiple languages, whereas animal communication is transmitted biologically and they cannot learn new systems. Human language is also far more productive, with an infinite number of potential utterances, and uses duality of patterning with sounds (phonemes) combined into meaningful units (morphemes). This dual structure is not present in animal communication systems.
The theme of diffeences between human language and animal communication system
UNEFM, Inglés, Lingüística General, Linguistics, The theme of diffeences between human language and animal communication system
What is language_linguisticspresentation
This document discusses the key features that distinguish human language from animal communication systems. It notes that while animals use sounds and signals to communicate, human language has properties like arbitrariness, displacement, creativity, and structure dependence. It is culturally learned rather than innate, uses duality where sounds combine into meaningful units, and can discuss things that are not present. Overall, the document analyzes how human language operates as a complex, rule-based system compared to most animal signaling systems.
Human language
This document compares human language and animal communication. It outlines the key characteristics of human language, including its social, learned, rule-based, and creative nature. It then discusses animal communication, describing the basic components of signaller, receiver, signal, and channels. It provides examples of different types of animal communication including visual signals like honeybee dances, auditory calls, and chemical signals like pheromones. The document notes that while animal communication conveys information, human language has significant qualities like arbitrariness of meaning and infinite creativity that are not present in animal communication systems.
A presentation on human language vs animal communication
This document compares human language and animal communication. It summarizes that while animals can convey basic messages through signs, human language is far more advanced, with features like semantics, pragmatics, cultural transmission, arbitrariness, and productivity. It analyzes cases of honeybee dances, bird imitation, and dog commands. The key differences are that human language has a creative open-ended grammar allowing unlimited messages, while animal communication consists of limited, innate responses that change slowly through evolution.
Gl second lecture
The document discusses several key design features of human language and communication systems:
1. Language is arbitrary but rule-governed, allowing humans to produce an infinite number of utterances through a finite set of rules.
2. It is discrete, composed of identifiable linguistic units, but only discernible with knowledge of the linguistic system.
3. It can displace communication beyond the present time and place through cultural transmission from generation to generation.
The nature of language
Language is a uniquely human capacity that is defined by several key properties. Unlike animal communication systems, language uses discrete units that can be combined and recombined productively based on rules. This double articulation allows humans to discuss topics that are not directly present through meaningful combinations of meaningless units. Additionally, language allows for displacement so one can talk about things in other times and places, both concrete and abstract, and signs are arbitrarily connected to meanings rather than naturally.
Features of Human Language:A Psycholinguistics Perspective
Human language has several unique features that distinguish it from animal communication according to linguists. These include displacement, where humans can talk about things not present; semanticity, using words to represent meanings; creativity in forming new sentences; and structure dependence by following grammatical rules. The human brain processes language in a hierarchical way, first identifying sounds and words, then syntax, and finally semantics. Additionally, humans can speak about the past and future, imagine hypothetical scenarios, and use language as a symbolic, semiotic system to communicate beyond just words. The structural complexity of human language also allows people to reflect on and study language itself.
Animal and human language
The document discusses differences between human and animal language. While animals can be trained to respond to basic commands or signs, extensive research with chimpanzees and gorillas found they lack the physical ability and cognitive capacity for human speech and language. Experiments with chimpanzees showed they could mimic signs or shapes for rewards but not engage in true linguistic behavior or conversations. The conclusion is that while animals use sounds to communicate, they do not possess human language abilities.
Properties of human language
Human language has two key properties: duality and cultural transmission. Duality means language operates on the levels of individual sounds and combinations of sounds that create meaning. Cultural transmission means language is acquired through socialization rather than genetics. Additional properties include arbitrariness, where sounds are arbitrarily connected to meaning, reflexiveness to discuss language, interchangeability of roles in communication, specialization solely for linguistic purposes, displacement to discuss non-present concepts, productivity to create new meanings, and discreteness of distinct sound units that combine to form different meanings. Animals generally lack these properties and rely on innate sounds directly connected to messages.
Animal & human language ppt.
Man is the only animal that can communicate using abstract symbols, though language abilities arose from more primitive communication systems in other animals. The document discusses nine key design features that characterize language and distinguish it from other communication systems. It also analyzes different animal communication systems like birdsong and primate calls based on whether they exhibit traits like semanticity, arbitrariness, productivity that are common in human language.
Animal communication and human language
This document discusses animal communication and how it compares to human language. It outlines several key properties of human language, including reflexivity, displacement, arbitrariness, productivity, and cultural transmission. While some animals can communicate, their systems have limitations and do not demonstrate true language. Research with great apes that were taught sign language provided some evidence of language abilities, but their communication remained limited. The parrot Alex provided the best evidence that an animal may acquire elements of language, as he learned hundreds of words and could use them productively in novel combinations. However, animal communication systems differ fundamentally from human language.
animal and language
Animals like chimpanzees, gorillas, and dolphins have been taught some forms of communication through experiments, but they have not demonstrated a full human-like language. Chimpanzees like Vicki and Washoe were taught sign language and learned over 100 signs each, but struggled with pronunciation and combining signs in novel ways. Koko the gorilla learned over 500 signs and could combine them to make new words, but her syntax did not progress beyond 2-3 word utterances like chimpanzees. Dolphins have shown memory and mimicry abilities when taught through sound and sight, but researchers have not achieved a true breakthrough in communication. While animals can communicate to an extent, they have not shown a complete
Linguistics Animal Languages
This document discusses animal communication and whether it can be considered a type of language. It explores how different animal species, such as dolphins, bees, and birds communicate with each other using sounds and gestures. While some animals can imitate human words, their utterances lack meaning. The document also examines research on teaching human sign language to chimpanzees and concludes that while nonhuman primates communicate within their species, they do not have the ability to express abstract concepts like memories from the past or future plans like humans.
Animal language exposition
This document discusses animal communication and language. It provides examples of different forms of communication used by animals, including visual communication through movements, postures and facial expressions. Chemical communication using pheromones is also discussed. The document notes that while animals can exchange information, their communication systems may not be considered languages in the same sense as human language since they lack the ability to create new combinations of symbols.
Human Language vs Animal
This document summarizes research on human language and animal communication. It discusses the features of human language and compares them to communication systems in honeybees, birds, dogs and non-human primates. While animals can communicate basic messages, they lack core aspects of human language like semanticity, cultural transmission and displacement. Studies with primates suggest they can learn some signs or gestures but show limited understanding and no ability to acquire or generate grammatical language. In general, animal communication lacks the complexity and open-ended nature of human linguistic systems.
Animals Communication
This document summarizes research on animal communication and language. It discusses three main approaches that have been used to study animal language: direct decoding of communication signals, using intermediary languages to communicate with animals, and applying information processing theory. Examples are given of decoded communication in honeybees and other species. The document also analyzes studies of animal language and discusses research on elephant communication.
Properties of human language
Human language has several key properties:
1. It allows for displacement by referring to past and future events as well as abstract concepts, unlike animal communication which is limited to the immediate moment.
2. The relationship between linguistic forms and their meanings is arbitrary - there is no natural connection between a word's form and what it refers to.
3. It is productive, allowing humans to combine linguistic elements to create an infinite number of new expressions, while animal communication uses a fixed set of signals.
ANIMAL AND LANGUAGE
Animal and language is one of study which is found in Psycholinguistics. It reveal how the scientists did experiment to some animals based on intelegency (dolphin), vocal cord (bird) and behavior (primates).
Design features
This document discusses similarities and differences between animal communication and human language. It examines various linguists' definitions of language and identifies several key properties that Charles Hockett said distinguish language from other communication systems, including displacement, productivity, and arbitrariness. While some animal signaling systems demonstrate properties like semanticity and cultural transmission, human language is unique in its ability to communicate about things not present through time and space via productive, open-ended systems of symbols combined into infinite sentences.
Properties of Human Language
Presentation on The Properties of Human Language
The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
M.Phil English Linguistics (2018-20)
Today The Properties
1) The document discusses several key properties of human language including arbitrariness, duality, productivity, cultural transmission, and displacement.
2) It defines these properties and explains how they are uniquely present in human language compared to animal communication systems. For example, duality refers to language having two levels of structure - meaningless sounds that combine to form meaningful units.
3) Several properties are described as "significant" because they are uniquely part of human language, like displacement which allows referring to things removed from the present context. This highlights what makes human language distinct from communication in other species.
What is language
Here are some attempts to teach grammar to Eliza Doolittle from Pygmalion:
- Professor Higgins worked to correct Eliza's Cockney pronunciation and teach her to speak with Received Pronunciation. He had her practice vowel and consonant sounds.
- Vocabulary words were taught, from basic nouns and verbs to more advanced words. Eliza was drilled on definitions and proper usage.
- Sentence structure was modeled for Eliza, who was corrected when she made mistakes in word order or grammar. Complex sentences were broken down.
- Articles ("a", "an", "the") and plurals were focuses of lessons to improve Eliza's mastery of basic grammar rules.
Properties of human language
The document discusses properties of human language and experiments comparing human and animal communication abilities. It describes 5 key properties of human language:
1. Displacement allows humans to talk about things not present, while animal communication focuses on the immediate environment.
2. Arbitrariness means human language uses symbols with no natural relationship to what they represent, unlike animal signals which clearly connect to meanings.
3. Productivity allows novel human utterances by manipulating resources, but animal signals have limited combinations.
4. Cultural transmission is needed for language acquisition, unlike some animal communication acquired genetically.
5. Duality has sounds and meanings organized in two layers, enabling many word combinations from few sounds, unlike fixed
2nd material linguistics design language features 2014
This document discusses key features of human language that distinguish it from animal communication systems. It covers two modes of language: spoken and written. It then examines four unique properties of human language: arbitrariness, duality, creativity, and displacement. Arbitrariness refers to the arbitrary relationship between words and their meanings. Duality refers to language having two layers - sounds that combine to form meaningful units. Creativity comes from language's recursiveness allowing new meanings. Displacement allows referring to things not present in space or time. The document asks cases about a president wondering about many local languages versus one national language, and why English is used internationally. It also defines lingua franca, vernacular, pidgin,
Hockett’s language features
The document discusses the key features that distinguish human language from animal communication systems. It notes that while humans and some animals use sounds to communicate, human language has properties like arbitrariness, displacement, creativity, and being learned rather than innate. It also has a dual structure of sounds combining into meaningful units and is highly patterned and structured rather than a simple list of signals.
Characteristics of Language
This document outlines 6 key characteristics of human language:
1. Productivity/creativity - Humans can talk about topics that are displaced in time or existence through language.
2. Cultural transmission - Language is culturally transmitted from one generation to the next, rather than through heredity.
3. Displacement - Human language can refer to past, future, intangible concepts through words.
4. Arbitrariness - There is no natural relationship between the form of a word and its meaning.
5. Duality - Language operates on a physical sound level and conceptual meaning level simultaneously.
6. Discreetness - Human sounds that make up words can be separated from one
ANIMALS AND HUMAN LANGUAGE.pptx
1. Communication requires a sender, receiver, and interpretation of messages conveyed through feedback like words and gestures.
2. Human language is distinct from animal communication in being compositional, referential, and having properties like reflexivity, displacement, arbitrariness, and productivity that allow for generating novel sentences.
3. Attempts to teach chimpanzees human speech had limited success due to physical and cognitive differences, though some learned some words or signed symbols with training.
ANIMALS AND HUMAN LANGUAGE.pptx
1. Human language is distinct from animal communication in that it is compositional, allowing for an infinite number of sentences by recombining words into subject, verb and object roles.
2. Some key properties of human language include reflexivity, displacement, arbitrariness, productivity, and cultural transmission.
3. While some chimpanzees have been taught limited sign language or words, research shows they lack the physical capabilities and social structure for fully acquiring human spoken language. Their communication is more emotional and gestural.
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Features of Human Language:A Psycholinguistics Perspective
Human language has several unique features that distinguish it from animal communication according to linguists. These include displacement, where humans can talk about things not present; semanticity, using words to represent meanings; creativity in forming new sentences; and structure dependence by following grammatical rules. The human brain processes language in a hierarchical way, first identifying sounds and words, then syntax, and finally semantics. Additionally, humans can speak about the past and future, imagine hypothetical scenarios, and use language as a symbolic, semiotic system to communicate beyond just words. The structural complexity of human language also allows people to reflect on and study language itself.
Animal and human language
The document discusses differences between human and animal language. While animals can be trained to respond to basic commands or signs, extensive research with chimpanzees and gorillas found they lack the physical ability and cognitive capacity for human speech and language. Experiments with chimpanzees showed they could mimic signs or shapes for rewards but not engage in true linguistic behavior or conversations. The conclusion is that while animals use sounds to communicate, they do not possess human language abilities.
Properties of human language
Human language has two key properties: duality and cultural transmission. Duality means language operates on the levels of individual sounds and combinations of sounds that create meaning. Cultural transmission means language is acquired through socialization rather than genetics. Additional properties include arbitrariness, where sounds are arbitrarily connected to meaning, reflexiveness to discuss language, interchangeability of roles in communication, specialization solely for linguistic purposes, displacement to discuss non-present concepts, productivity to create new meanings, and discreteness of distinct sound units that combine to form different meanings. Animals generally lack these properties and rely on innate sounds directly connected to messages.
Animal & human language ppt.
Man is the only animal that can communicate using abstract symbols, though language abilities arose from more primitive communication systems in other animals. The document discusses nine key design features that characterize language and distinguish it from other communication systems. It also analyzes different animal communication systems like birdsong and primate calls based on whether they exhibit traits like semanticity, arbitrariness, productivity that are common in human language.
Animal communication and human language
This document discusses animal communication and how it compares to human language. It outlines several key properties of human language, including reflexivity, displacement, arbitrariness, productivity, and cultural transmission. While some animals can communicate, their systems have limitations and do not demonstrate true language. Research with great apes that were taught sign language provided some evidence of language abilities, but their communication remained limited. The parrot Alex provided the best evidence that an animal may acquire elements of language, as he learned hundreds of words and could use them productively in novel combinations. However, animal communication systems differ fundamentally from human language.
animal and language
Animals like chimpanzees, gorillas, and dolphins have been taught some forms of communication through experiments, but they have not demonstrated a full human-like language. Chimpanzees like Vicki and Washoe were taught sign language and learned over 100 signs each, but struggled with pronunciation and combining signs in novel ways. Koko the gorilla learned over 500 signs and could combine them to make new words, but her syntax did not progress beyond 2-3 word utterances like chimpanzees. Dolphins have shown memory and mimicry abilities when taught through sound and sight, but researchers have not achieved a true breakthrough in communication. While animals can communicate to an extent, they have not shown a complete
Linguistics Animal Languages
This document discusses animal communication and whether it can be considered a type of language. It explores how different animal species, such as dolphins, bees, and birds communicate with each other using sounds and gestures. While some animals can imitate human words, their utterances lack meaning. The document also examines research on teaching human sign language to chimpanzees and concludes that while nonhuman primates communicate within their species, they do not have the ability to express abstract concepts like memories from the past or future plans like humans.
Animal language exposition
This document discusses animal communication and language. It provides examples of different forms of communication used by animals, including visual communication through movements, postures and facial expressions. Chemical communication using pheromones is also discussed. The document notes that while animals can exchange information, their communication systems may not be considered languages in the same sense as human language since they lack the ability to create new combinations of symbols.
Human Language vs Animal
This document summarizes research on human language and animal communication. It discusses the features of human language and compares them to communication systems in honeybees, birds, dogs and non-human primates. While animals can communicate basic messages, they lack core aspects of human language like semanticity, cultural transmission and displacement. Studies with primates suggest they can learn some signs or gestures but show limited understanding and no ability to acquire or generate grammatical language. In general, animal communication lacks the complexity and open-ended nature of human linguistic systems.
Animals Communication
This document summarizes research on animal communication and language. It discusses three main approaches that have been used to study animal language: direct decoding of communication signals, using intermediary languages to communicate with animals, and applying information processing theory. Examples are given of decoded communication in honeybees and other species. The document also analyzes studies of animal language and discusses research on elephant communication.
Properties of human language
Human language has several key properties:
1. It allows for displacement by referring to past and future events as well as abstract concepts, unlike animal communication which is limited to the immediate moment.
2. The relationship between linguistic forms and their meanings is arbitrary - there is no natural connection between a word's form and what it refers to.
3. It is productive, allowing humans to combine linguistic elements to create an infinite number of new expressions, while animal communication uses a fixed set of signals.
ANIMAL AND LANGUAGE
Animal and language is one of study which is found in Psycholinguistics. It reveal how the scientists did experiment to some animals based on intelegency (dolphin), vocal cord (bird) and behavior (primates).
Design features
This document discusses similarities and differences between animal communication and human language. It examines various linguists' definitions of language and identifies several key properties that Charles Hockett said distinguish language from other communication systems, including displacement, productivity, and arbitrariness. While some animal signaling systems demonstrate properties like semanticity and cultural transmission, human language is unique in its ability to communicate about things not present through time and space via productive, open-ended systems of symbols combined into infinite sentences.
Properties of Human Language
Presentation on The Properties of Human Language
The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
M.Phil English Linguistics (2018-20)
Today The Properties
1) The document discusses several key properties of human language including arbitrariness, duality, productivity, cultural transmission, and displacement.
2) It defines these properties and explains how they are uniquely present in human language compared to animal communication systems. For example, duality refers to language having two levels of structure - meaningless sounds that combine to form meaningful units.
3) Several properties are described as "significant" because they are uniquely part of human language, like displacement which allows referring to things removed from the present context. This highlights what makes human language distinct from communication in other species.
What is language
Here are some attempts to teach grammar to Eliza Doolittle from Pygmalion:
- Professor Higgins worked to correct Eliza's Cockney pronunciation and teach her to speak with Received Pronunciation. He had her practice vowel and consonant sounds.
- Vocabulary words were taught, from basic nouns and verbs to more advanced words. Eliza was drilled on definitions and proper usage.
- Sentence structure was modeled for Eliza, who was corrected when she made mistakes in word order or grammar. Complex sentences were broken down.
- Articles ("a", "an", "the") and plurals were focuses of lessons to improve Eliza's mastery of basic grammar rules.
Properties of human language
The document discusses properties of human language and experiments comparing human and animal communication abilities. It describes 5 key properties of human language:
1. Displacement allows humans to talk about things not present, while animal communication focuses on the immediate environment.
2. Arbitrariness means human language uses symbols with no natural relationship to what they represent, unlike animal signals which clearly connect to meanings.
3. Productivity allows novel human utterances by manipulating resources, but animal signals have limited combinations.
4. Cultural transmission is needed for language acquisition, unlike some animal communication acquired genetically.
5. Duality has sounds and meanings organized in two layers, enabling many word combinations from few sounds, unlike fixed
2nd material linguistics design language features 2014
This document discusses key features of human language that distinguish it from animal communication systems. It covers two modes of language: spoken and written. It then examines four unique properties of human language: arbitrariness, duality, creativity, and displacement. Arbitrariness refers to the arbitrary relationship between words and their meanings. Duality refers to language having two layers - sounds that combine to form meaningful units. Creativity comes from language's recursiveness allowing new meanings. Displacement allows referring to things not present in space or time. The document asks cases about a president wondering about many local languages versus one national language, and why English is used internationally. It also defines lingua franca, vernacular, pidgin,
Hockett’s language features
The document discusses the key features that distinguish human language from animal communication systems. It notes that while humans and some animals use sounds to communicate, human language has properties like arbitrariness, displacement, creativity, and being learned rather than innate. It also has a dual structure of sounds combining into meaningful units and is highly patterned and structured rather than a simple list of signals.
Characteristics of Language
This document outlines 6 key characteristics of human language:
1. Productivity/creativity - Humans can talk about topics that are displaced in time or existence through language.
2. Cultural transmission - Language is culturally transmitted from one generation to the next, rather than through heredity.
3. Displacement - Human language can refer to past, future, intangible concepts through words.
4. Arbitrariness - There is no natural relationship between the form of a word and its meaning.
5. Duality - Language operates on a physical sound level and conceptual meaning level simultaneously.
6. Discreetness - Human sounds that make up words can be separated from one
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Anthropology and Language
Language is in many ways the quintessential expression of culture. Language is learned,
shared, and transmitted. All humans have the capacity for language, but the language spoken by
each cultural group is in many respects unique. Just as children can learn any culture, so too are
they born with an innate ability to learn any language.
More than this, however, language is essential to culture. Culture is based on symbols. In
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language forms a subset of a more broadly conceptualized capacity for symbolic expression.
If we want to describe a building, we do not have to show someone a building, we can use
words to paint a picture. If we want to tell someone how to build a better mousetrap, we don’t
need build it in front of their eyes, but we can talk about it. In can describe the mousetrap using
words to build the picture for us.
Language as culture
Language is the quintessential cultural product: it must be learned, it must be shared, and it
must be transmitted. Just as all humans have the capacity for culture, all humans have the
capacity for language. The brains of human young are wired so that they begin to learn language
even before they can speak. And any human child can learn any language ever devised by any
group of people, from Tagalog to mathematics. Yes, anyone can learn math.
Although all humans have the capacity for language, the particular language that you learn
is variable, and an essential element of enculturation is teaching language to the young.
The capacity for language is the product of millions of years of evolution. Our remote
ancestors millions of years ago lacked the capacity for the sophisticated manipulation of symbols
and the capacity for vocalizing the many sounds that go into our spoken language.
Two primary factors led to selection for the ability to manipulate symbols and to speak.
First, the primary selective advantage that our species had over others is the ability to plan. As
we’ll talk about in some detail next week, between 8 and 4 million years ago, species ancestral to
our own were faced with an environment that was changing dramatically. Food was no longer
readily available, and wasn’t to be found in large amounts. In order to survive our ancestors, who
were a bit like gorillas and chimps today, had to be able to plan. They had to be able to think
abstractly, to remember where resources were located, and when they were available. They had to
be able to think spatially and to model the landscape in their minds.
Secondly, they had to be able to cooperate. As we’ll see, humans, like all other primates,
live in groups. They do this primarily for defense. What distinguishes us and our near relatives,
however, is that we not only band together for defens.
Ujian compre
Linguistics is the scientific study of language. The document outlines several key branches and concepts in linguistics. Phonetics is the study of speech sounds, phonology is the study of sound patterns and how they create meaning. Morphology is the study of word formation, syntax is the study of sentence structure, and semantics is the study of language meaning. Sociolinguistics examines how social factors like culture and environment influence language use, while psycholinguistics studies the cognitive processes involved in language production and comprehension. Semiotics is the study of signs and symbols in language and communication systems.
Presentation origin of language.ppt
This document provides an overview of an introduction to language studies group presentation. It discusses several theories on the origin of language, including the social interaction source theory, divine source theory, oral gestures theory, physical adaptation source theory, and tool making source theory. The document also outlines various theories proposed in the 19th century such as the bow-wow, pooh-pooh, and ding-dong theories. It examines the evolution of gestures and their role in the development of language.
We all came out of Black Africa
I just published We all came out of Black Africa The best of it all is that we are still here to witness this emergence, though we may wonder if it was for the better of the planet, or even the cosmos. And nature is coming back after us to catch us and clean up the mess we made with a few pandemics and some wars and plenty of sanctions imposed by the stronger onto those who are less strong than them. How long will it last? And it will take more than a Messiah to get rid of man's vanity.
PPT DAYU-1.pptx
This document discusses the nature of language and sociolinguistics. It begins by defining sociolinguistics as the study of the relationship between language and society. It notes that language and society are deeply interconnected. The document then discusses several key aspects of language, including its symbolic and systematic nature. It defines terms like lingua franca, vernacular language, and standard language. It also discusses pidgin and creole languages. Finally, it lists 10 characteristics of human language, such as its arbitrary, social, symbolic, and creative nature.
Communication and Meaning
- Human communication develops from an early age, beginning in the womb when fetuses can hear the mother's voice. Babies then progress from crying to understanding words and producing simple two-word sentences.
- The brain has specialized regions like Broca's and Wernicke's areas that are involved in language production and comprehension. Damage to these areas can cause aphasia and impair language abilities.
- When processing speech, sound is analyzed in the temporal lobe and auditory cortex before being distributed to other brain regions for higher-level language processing. Communication is made possible by complex and rapid interactions between different brain areas.
Communication and meaning
- Human communication develops from an early age, beginning in the womb when fetuses can hear the mother's voice. Babies then progress from crying to understanding words and producing simple sentences.
- The brain has specialized regions like Broca's and Wernicke's areas that process language. Damage to these areas can cause aphasia and impair language abilities.
- Language develops through both innate and learned processes. Theories debate the extent to which language is innate versus learned through conditioning and social interactions.
Sociolinguistics
This document discusses language from internal and external perspectives in linguistics. Internally, language is studied based on its structures in areas like phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax and semantics. Externally, language is studied in relation to factors beyond language, like how it is used in a speech community, which is the domain of sociolinguistics. The document then defines language, linguistics, sociolinguistics, and discusses socio-cultural aspects like social stratification, social class, status, and role.
Sociolinguistics (1)
This document discusses language from internal and external perspectives in linguistics. Internally, language is studied based on its structures, resulting in fields like phonetics and semantics. Externally, language is studied in relation to social factors, known as sociolinguistics. A language is defined as a systematic, arbitrary, social system of vocal symbols used for communication. Linguistics is the scientific study of language, divided into descriptive and historical branches. Sociolinguistics studies the relationship between language and society, examining how language use varies based on social contexts like situations, events, styles and communities.
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CASTELLAN LANGUAGES
- 1. HUMAN COMMUNICATION AND ANIMAL COMMUNICATION 17/12/2008. Sandra Milena Marin Gallo. Universidad San Buenaventura.
- 2. If we understand the language like a means of expression and of communication, it is necessary to include the study of the sounds and the expressions. Sandra Milena Marin Gallo. Universidad San Buenaventura.
- 3. As it is evident that the animals emit sounds and do they produce expressions, is the question immediate: do they possess a language like the human beings? Sandra Milena Marin Gallo. Universidad San Buenaventura.
- 4. Clear that many animal species is they communicate to each other. However, the human communication differs of the animal in seven aspects that the linguists have formulated: Sandra Milena Marin Gallo. Universidad San Buenaventura.
- 5. 1) it possesses two independent although interrelated grammatical systems (the oral one and the gestual); 2) it always communicates new things; 3) it distinguishes among the content and the form that he/she takes the content; Sandra Milena Marin Gallo. Universidad San Buenaventura.
- 6. 4) what is spoken is interchangeable with what is listened; 5) it is used with special ends (behind what communicates there is an intention); 6) what communicates can refer as much to the past as to the future, and 7) the children learn the language of the adults, that is to say, it is transmitted of generation in generation. Sandra Milena Marin Gallo. Universidad San Buenaventura.
- 7. However, recent investigations on the primates have demonstrated that many of these characteristics are not exclusive of the human beings. Nevertheless, one can affirm with certain security that the human language possesses characteristic special. Sandra Milena Marin Gallo. Universidad San Buenaventura.
- 8. The human beings relate a limited series of grammatical units and of separate signs to form an infinite group of sentences that well have been hear, emitted, read, written or thought previously. Sandra Milena Marin Gallo. Universidad San Buenaventura.
- 9. The children that have not still studied the grammar of their language establish their own rules using their linguistic capacity, as well as the stimuli that you/they receive from the linguistic community in which you/they have been born. Sandra Milena Marin Gallo. Universidad San Buenaventura.
- 10. FOUNDATIONS OF THE LANGUAGE So that the language exists certain factors they are required: of physiologic nature (the organism has to be able to emit sounds); of grammatical nature (the speech has to possess a structure), and of semantic nature (it is indispensable that the mind can understand what is spoken). Sandra Milena Marin Gallo. Universidad San Buenaventura.
- 11. SEMANTICS Lastly, in the human language it is indispensible that the speaker relates some sounds with a meaning and that in turn that meaning is perceived and understood by other people that share the same language. Sandra Milena Marin Gallo. Universidad San Buenaventura.
- 12. In this communication process, the grammar adopts the mechanism paper that connects the thought and the ideas with the language that transmits them. Each sentence or emission meaning carrier possesses a deep structure and one of surface Sandra Milena Marin Gallo. Universidad San Buenaventura.
- 13. In that of surface they are the words and the elements of the such sentence and like they are said and they interpret. In the deep one, the words and the elements of the sentence are structured grammatically. Sandra Milena Marin Gallo. Universidad San Buenaventura.
- 14. In this level, the structure of the sentence is ambiguous. It exists the possibility that two surface structures have the same meaning (Juan seems to be happy and it Seems that Juan is happy). Sandra Milena Marin Gallo. Universidad San Buenaventura.
- 15. Also, a surface structure can have two meanings (to Eat meat can be dangerous it can mean that somebody stops eating meat it is dangerous and that whenever he/she eats up meat danger it exists). Sandra Milena Marin Gallo. Universidad San Buenaventura.
- 16. Also, a surface structure can have two meanings (to Eat meat can be dangerous it can mean that somebody stops eating meat it is dangerous and that whenever he/she eats up meat danger it exists). Sandra Milena Marin Gallo. Universidad San Buenaventura.
- 17. The human communication is an unique process that combines the activity of the apparatus fonder, the grammatical structure and the denoted meanings and understood. ¡¡¡¡ Gracias !!!!. 17/12/2008 Sandra Milena Marin Gallo. Universidad San Buenaventura.