Cast iron, Ductile iron, foundry practice, Advantages, Micro-grain structure, engineering material...

2. CAST IRON METALLURGY
Cast Iron:

3. Classification of Cast Iron:

5. Carbon Equivalent:

8. DUCTILE IRON (SPHEROIDAL GRAPHITE IRON):
Elements such as copper or tin may be added to
increase tensile and yield strength while
simultaneously reducing ductility.
Improved corrosion resistance can be achieved by
replacing 15% to 30% of the iron in the alloy with
varying amounts of nickel, copper, or chromium

9. desulphurization methods:
Fusite method
Flour spur(CaF2) method
Calcium carbide method
Desulfurization of steel by injection of active agents
Magnesium treatment:
In order to prevent formation of low-melting iron sulphide manganese (Mn) is
added to steel to a content not less than 0.2%.
(FeS) + [Mn] = (MnS) + Fe
The melting temperature of manganese sulphide is relatively high - about 2930°F
(1610°C) therefore the steels containing manganese may be deformed in hot state

10. MnS inclusions are:
Brittle (less ductile than steel);
They may have sharp edges;
They are located between the steel grains.
Graphite Morphology: