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1. CASE ANALYSIS :
Building Resilient Cities from
the Community Up: Lessons
from Manila
Edel AGUISANDA
Rhel AUSTRIA
Karenn CAPONPON
Presented By : MMTB34 Group 2
Celine FRANCISCO
Ronald GONZALES
MARK JUNIOSA
Presented To:
Prof. Hermogenes B. Panganiban Ph.D.
08 November 2014

2. Issues :
• Insufficient funding
• Lack of support from the community people
o Because communities and local official are not aware of
the laws
o Due to personal impact of disasters
• Lack of political will
• Little knowledge of best practices and
inconsistent method
• Very difficult to promote interdisciplinary
approaches
• People are unwilling to take actions

3. Problem Statement:
How to encourage local participation and set a
sustainable program approach that can be
replicated or adapted to other communities
Learning from the DAMPA experience….

4. Alternative # 1
PROMOTIONAL PROGRAM APPROACH:
- In order to bring interest and support from the community, promotional
programs shall be initiated. Promotional programs may include events like
concerts and shows tapping local artists alongside with media exposure (
print, broadcast, online )
PROS CONS
1. Immediate impact to locals 1. Costly
2. Strong “buy-in” from the “masses” 2. Short term effect ( one time hype )
3. High profile, getting attention from
different sectors
3. Not sustainable

5. Alternative # 2
DEVELOP INCENTIVE PROGRAM APPROACH:
- Patterned after the government’s 4Ps program, the locals shall be entice
with different incentive program. Subsidies shall be given to local people in
order for them to support the various activities and programs. In poor
localities ( especially in communities of informal settlers ), people can be
easily motivated with programs which they see that they can have financial
gains.
PROS CONS
1. Immediate and high motivation for
the people
1. Costly
2. Easy to implement as long as well
funded
2. Not sustainable, with funding dried
up, support shall decline
3. Will not promote self initiative

6. Alternative # 3
DEVELOP BOTTOM-UP APPROACH:
- Bottom-Up approach means before implementing any specific activity or
program, the 1st step is ensuring community involvement and participation
of locals. Approach include identification of community leaders with high
degree of integrity. These leaders will be the conduit of the organization to
the local people ). This approach is anchored on the principle of
“participatory decision making”
PROS CONS
1. Participatory Decision making is
practice
1. Can be a long process
2. Always consider grass root
involvement
3. Long term support from the
community members
4. Highly sustainable

7. Best Alternative Solution:
The team selected Alternative #3 – Develop Bottom-Up Approach, as
the best alternative solution. Decision was made on the following
justifications:
• It is anchored on the principle of participative decision making in which the
primary stakeholder, that is the community people and their leaders are involve
from the very start. With the people involved at an early phase, it will guarantee
very high level of support.
• With the high level of support and confidence achieve, commitment and
motivation will never be an issue ensuring success of the projects.
• The needs of each community is unique and therefore one program to one
community may not work on the other. With the bottom-up approach, this can
be assessed and evaluated early thereby not wasting money and time to
unsuccessful projects. An example that we can cite is the case of the Badjao in
Batangas. The housing project develop for them by private organization can be
lauded with praise, in fact a very good one. However it became unsuccessful
primarily because, it did not fit to the need of the Badjaos
• The Bottom-Up model approach can be applicable and replicated to other
communities thereby increasing the probability of success and sustainable
development