Case 14-1 Handling the Unhealthy Employee Bill is an award-winning newspaper reporter for the city news who can crank out twice as many feature articles as anyone else. To keep relevant in a period of downsizing in the newspaper industry, Bill also maintains the newspaper blog and social network pages. Over time, his work hours grew. He often chain-smoked his way to 3 hours of sleep or less. He gained weight and started to develop a considerable waist. He always had snacks by his desk because he had little time to go out to a restaurant or make a home-cooked meal. Bill was known to be irritable and often yelled at his colleagues for not getting information he needed for articles. “Time is important. The second reporter to the story might as well be the last reporter to the story.” His colleagues thought he was too pushy and often yelled back at him. One morning he collapsed at his office desk. He was rushed to the hospital via ambulance. Doctors found that he’d had a retinal stroke with loss of significant vision in his right eye. Doctors said he would be fine as long as he would lose weight and take better care of himself. Diane is the owner/manager of the newspaper and is concerned about Bill’s condition, along with that of with the other overworked reporters and editors who have been survivors of the many downsizings over the years. She has decided to implement several stress and health management policies to help maintain productivity while keeping the employees healthy. In an employee meeting, she mentioned several new initiatives as follows: “First, in the past, smoking has been limited to offices. Now smoking will be banned from the building. If you want to smoke, there will be a designated smoking area in back of the building. “Second, in the past, vending machines have had junk food. Now the machines have been eliminated. Fresh fruits and vegetables will be provided for free in the cafeteria. “Third, periodically, courses on healthy eating and exercise will be provided by experts. These courses will be regarded as important as mandatory staff meetings. The courses will last for approximately 1 hour and may involve minor physical activity. “Fourth, health checks by a nearby medical service will be available for free twice a year. This will be totally paid for by our organization. “Finally, if management feels that you are overworked or overstressed, we would like to sit down with you and talk to see what is happening.” Bill was aghast at this new policy. In discussions with a colleague, Bill said the following: “Diane is trying to impose her will and culture upon me. Smoking relaxes me. I write better when I smoke. Now that there is a no-smoking policy in the office, this is the one thing that would increase my blood pressure through the roof.” “The vending machines were a convenient way to get food. I am a carnivore, and I like my occasional beef jerky. I like my chips. Granola is for the birds.” “The mandatory classes concerning nut ...

1. Case 14-1 Handling the Unhealthy Employee
Bill is an award-winning newspaper reporter for the city news
who can crank out twice as many feature articles as anyone else.
To keep relevant in a period of downsizing in the newspaper
industry, Bill also maintains the newspaper blog and social
network pages. Over time, his work hours grew. He often chain-
smoked his way to 3 hours of sleep or less. He gained weight
and started to develop a considerable waist. He always had
snacks by his desk because he had little time to go out to a
restaurant or make a home-cooked meal.
Bill was known to be irritable and often yelled at his colleagues
for not getting information he needed for articles. “Time is
important. The second reporter to the story might as well be the
last reporter to the story.” His colleagues thought he was too
pushy and often yelled back at him.
One morning he collapsed at his office desk. He was rushed to
the hospital via ambulance. Doctors found that he’d had a
retinal stroke with loss of significant vision in his right eye.
Doctors said he would be fine as long as he would lose weight
and take better care of himself.
Diane is the owner/manager of the newspaper and is concerned
about Bill’s condition, along with that of with the other
overworked reporters and editors who have been survivors of
the many downsizings over the years. She has decided to
implement several stress and health management policies to
help maintain productivity while keeping the employees
healthy. In an employee meeting, she mentioned several new
initiatives as follows:
“First, in the past, smoking has been limited to offices. Now
smoking will be banned from the building. If you want to
smoke, there will be a designated smoking area in back of the
building.
“Second, in the past, vending machines have had junk food.
Now the machines have been eliminated. Fresh fruits and

2. vegetables will be provided for free in the cafeteria.
“Third, periodically, courses on healthy eating and exercise will
be provided by experts. These courses will be regarded as
important as mandatory staff meetings. The courses will last for
approximately 1 hour and may involve minor physical activity.
“Fourth, health checks by a nearby medical service will be
available for free twice a year. This will be totally paid for by
our organization.
“Finally, if management feels that you are overworked or
overstressed, we would like to sit down with you and talk to see
what is happening.”
Bill was aghast at this new policy. In discussions with a
colleague, Bill said the following:
“Diane is trying to impose her will and culture upon me.
Smoking relaxes me. I write better when I smoke. Now that
there is a no-smoking policy in the office, this is the one thing
that would increase my blood pressure through the roof.”
“The vending machines were a convenient way to get food. I am
a carnivore, and I like my occasional beef jerky. I like my
chips. Granola is for the birds.”
“The mandatory classes concerning nutrition and exercise are a
waste of time for the staff. If there is a great story out there, it
is more important to get the story in the middle of the day than
waste time on Diane’s religion. The newspaper provides
significant financial incentives for each feature that is published
every week. I write the most features because I am good at it, I
write fast, and I need the money. My wife’s sick in the hospital,
and I’ve got two teenagers to feed. I might lose my house.”
“The ‘free’ medical service and management visits about health
are basically nosy efforts by management to pry into personal
business. It is none of management’s business to intervene in
my personal affairs.”
There are several other reporters in the office who feel the same
way as Bill and have threatened to resign if Diane’s initiatives
go through. The reporters offered a very simple alternative of
having the newspaper add 3 days of sick leave benefits per year.

3. They feel that Diane has no right to impose her lifestyle and her
culture on them. Diane especially has no right to monitor the
lifestyle and personal habits of employees that do not affect
work.
Diane counters the group by saying that lifestyle and culture
can affect work. “If you are not healthy, in the long term, you
will not be productive. I want you around for a long time.”
Questions
1. What are the causes of stress in Bill’s organization?
2. Has Diane gone too far in imposing a smoking policy,
removing junk food from the vending machines, and offering
free medical service and management visits?
3. Diane has selected several ways to reduce the stress and
improve the health of her employees. What other ways did the
chapter mention she could also use to reduce stress and improve
employee health?
4. What do you think about the reporters’ sick leave proposal?
Case created by Gundars Kaupins, Boise State University
Case 15-1 CEO Compensation: Do They Deserve Rock Star
Pay?
Can’t sing, dance, or hit a baseball out of the park? You can
still earn “big bucks” by becoming a CEO of a Fortune 500
firm, according to the AFL-CIO, who used data gathered from
the Department of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics. The
average pay for a CEO in 2016 was $13.1 million based on an
analysis of 420 firms in the S&P 500 index. From the worker’s
perspective (average earnings of $37,632), a CEO earns in 1 day
what a worker earns in 1 year (335 times an average worker’s
pay in 2015, 347 in 2016). Worse, while the pay of the average
worker increased by 2% from 2015 to 2016, CEO pay rose by
6%. Taking inflation into account over a 50-year time period,
wages of this workforce were actually less than stagnant; in
1967, workers earned 10% more than in 2016, the equivalent of
$41,473 adjusting for inflation.
The AFL-CIO’s research clearly indicates that while the country
as a whole has grown and unemployment is at a near all-time

4. low, the worker in the United States is not similarly prospering
as compared to his or her counterpart in corporate headquarters.
There is a growing wage gap, a gap clearly that does not seem
equitable from the largest federation of US labor unions as well
as the general public.
Why such a high salary given the fact that the US economy has
grown at most 2% per year over last few years, one-third of the
growth of CEO salaries? US CEO pay is often high because it is
based upon the average pay of their peer group. The AFL-CIO
suggests that to eliminate this practice, similar to British
concerns, shareholders have binding votes on CEO
compensation. Yet the reality is that in 2015, 91% of investors’
“advisory votes” in S & P 500 firms supported CEO pay
levels.(1)
Stockholders aside, the general public certainly feels that CEOs
are overpaid. Stanford University’s Rock Center for Corporate
Governance in 2016 ran a national study (1,202 participants
who reflected US socio-demographics including age, gender,
race, household income, state residence, and political
affiliation) tapping into people’s beliefs concerning the
compensation packages of the 500 largest publicly traded
corporations.
The net result? Nearly three-quarters (74%) think CEO pay is
out of synch with worker compensation, with only 16% thinking
otherwise. Socio-demographic differences aside, most
individuals feel quite adverse when discussing CEO
compensation. According to Professor David F. Larcker of
Stanford Graduate School of Business,
There is a clear sense among the American public that CEOs are
taking home much more in compensation than they deserve.
While we find that members of the public are not particularly
knowledgeable about how much CEOs actually make in annual
pay, there is a general sense of outrage fueled in part by the
political environment.(2)
CEO pay needs to be dramatically cut since their salaries are off
the chart. How this is to be accomplished though, with or

5. without government regulation, is where disagreement arises
and usually along political affiliations. For example, while both
groups feel that there should be a ceiling on CEO pay (nearly
65%), those who hold Democratic and Independent affiliations
differ with Republicans by almost 15% (66%/64%/52%,
respectively). When it comes to actually setting a cap on CEO
pay, those surveyed thought that six times the average worker
pay was acceptable. This is way below the average multiple of
all CEO pay, which is 17.6.
Interestingly, there was nowhere near a majority consensus on
how to use regulation to limit CEO pay. Some advocated large
tax increases over a certain level (28%), others opted for setting
dollar amounts relative to worker wages (25%), while a
minority wanted to set pay ceilings not tied to worker pay
(17%), and a similar percentage wanted CEO pay directly tied
to firm performance. Only 9% thought to eliminate stock
options, while another 8% would cut out all forms of equity
compensation.(3)
Yet many experts do not agree with the public and would argue
the public does not have all of the facts. Jannice Koors,
managing director at Pearl Meyer & Partners in Chicago, has a
different perspective on CEO compensation.
I think most companies are on the right track with their
[executive] pay programs. Yes, CEO pay increased this year—
because average company profits and share prices grew.
Compensation is more closely tied to performance than ever
before, which is exactly what shareholders have been pushing
for. Today, only a very small percentage of a typical CEO pay
package is in the form of a guaranteed annual salary.(4)
Donald Delves, director, Towers Watson in Chicago, justifies
CEO pay as follows.
CEOs are paid about three times as much as the next level of
executives. . . . In my experience, it is a very rare person who
has the skills and experience required to run a huge global
corporation. And their average tenure continues to decline.
There is not a lot of patience shown by shareholders and boards

6. when a company underperforms.(5)
Author of The Taboos of Leadership Anthony Smith noted that
The reality is that the free market is alive and well, and is the
true dictator of CEO pay. While what one’s peers are making is
still a legitimate barometer, critics should look at the
macroeconomics of “stars” in all fields (after all, CEOs are the
“stars” of the business world), and not just the microeconomics
of CEO pay, if they are serious about understanding the calculus
in determining compensation. Such valuation analysis must
factor in the track record of the CEO; his or her potential;
competing job offers; personal enticements; what he or she is
leaving behind; their reputation on the “street”; and the team of
other executives he or she is likely to bring or attract. . . . Only
a handful of people are capable of leading major multinational
corporations with 100,000+ employees and $50+ billion in
annual revenue. Bottom line: true stars are in short supply and
high demand. It’s pure Economics 101.(6)
Whether you agree or disagree with the fairness of CEO pay,
CEOs make as much in one day as the average worker makes in
one year.
Questions
1. How does ethics apply to this case?
2. What factors might contribute to what some perceive as
unethical behavior concerning CEO pay?
3. What are the differing ethical approaches, and how might
they apply to this case?
4. How might the issue of CEO compensation be dealt with in a
firm’s code of ethics?
5. How might the issue of CEO compensation be used by a firm
to create and maintain an ethical organization?
6. Use the “legal doesn’t mean it’s ethical” argument to
disagree with current CEO compensation practices. What makes
it legal, and why might it still be unethical?
7. What is your own opinion about CEO compensation? Provide
facts and arguments supporting your position from this case.

7. Please read the directions carefully. Must use original work and
must format citations using APA formatting.
Part 1A: Directions: Research existing psychological
assessments (MMPI-II, Weschler IQ Scales, etc.) to identify
three measures of the constructs you are studying for your
research question, complete attached worksheets ( please view
attachment Assessment Worksheet for assignment and type in
The Concise Corsini Encyclopedia of Psychology and
Behavioral Science to complete worksheet)
Part 1B: An annotated bibliography is a reference list in which
each entry is followed by an annotation or description of the
source. For this assignment, do the following:
Use the same format as the Annotated Bibliography Formatting
Sample.
Include an APA-formatted title page.
Include four to six peer-reviewed sources.
Include a one-paragraph annotation in your own words for each
source.
Note. This will be the basis for your literature review in the
Research Proposal assignment.
FYI From my Instructor regarding part 1A and 1B
· In Week Three, you will write an Annotated Bibliography and
locate a measure of your Dependent Variable. Note here that the
Mental Measurements Yearbook is a search engine, located in
the Psychology Resources in the Library. You will enter your
dependent variable into the MMY to locate appropriate
measures of your DV and complete the associated assignment.
· We begin to work more specifically from here on building
your research, making it scientific, and communicating that
effectively, in APA format.
· For your Annotated Bibliography (see attachment) please be
aware that APA format is evaluated, and the sample provided is
not in APA format. Your general formatting should follow the
sample, but you are responsible for the accurate APA formatting
of your bibliographic references and your citations

8. Part 2: Directions: Please read the following two scenarios and
answer each question in 175 words.
Scenario 1:
You wrote, "Plagiarism is simply not given the proper credit for
writing or work. You may not have intentionally but it is easy to
do without noticing and punishments are intense." It is critical,
at any level of college writing, but especially at this level (or
beyond) to recognize what plagiarism is and how to prevent it.
Most plagiarism occurs unintentionally, but that doesn't make it
any less substantial. Many students do it because they aren't
aware of how to cite. Others suggest that the reasons include
ease and accessibility of the material, procrastination, and
difficulty of work (Šprajc, Urh, Jerebic, Trivan, & Jereb, 2017).
There are various types of plagiarism. Some of the most
common are verbatim copy and paste, "patchwork" plagiarism,
"find and replace", and collusion (Ashford Writing Center,
2018). Copy and pasted material is pretty straightforward.
Patchwork plagiarism is taking bits and pieces from various
sources and not properly citing. Find a replace is taking some
material and changing a few words around. Collusion is using
someone else's work, including a pay for purchase or essay
writing site, like Course Hero. There are sufficient resources
now for students and instructors to check materials for
plagiarism. We use Safe Assign automatically now, in
Blackboard, to evaluate material.
Question: what other methods can be used to help prevent
plagiarism?
Scenario 2
You wrote, "One advantage of using peer-reviewed articles from
various online resources including the university library,
Wikipedia, and our online textbooks is that they all provide an
immediate plethora of useful information at the click of a few
buttons." I will note that having a "plethora" is not always a
good thing. When you're researching a very specific topic and
you require academic (scholarly) support, online sources can be
detrimental to your pursuits. Wikipedia is never an acceptable

9. source for academic writing at this level. Anyone can edit a
Wiki, making it an unreliable source. At this level of academic
writing, secondary sources in general are not used. All work for
a master's level, original piece of research should rely on
primary source materials. This more effectively demonstrates
your ability to read and apply primary sources, rather than
relying on secondary sources to do that part of the "work" for
you.
Question: Since you're sorting through that mass of information,
attempting to find very specific research to support and refute
your ideas, how do you effectively "sort" it? When you retrieve
123,445 sources in 10 seconds, how do you determine whether
you can use it without looking through all 123,445 articles?
Title
ABC/123 Version X
1
Annotated Bibliography Formatting Sample
PSYCH/665 Version 3
2
University of Phoenix MaterialAnnotated Bibliography
Formatting Sample
This sample annotated bibliography is formatted according to
the 6th edition of the Publication Manual of the American
Psychological Association. This sample serves only as a
formatting guide, and does not reflect accurate reference
information or master’s-level content depth. Include an APA-
formatted title page in your annotated bibliography.
Annotated Bibliography
Barker, P. J. (2006). Modeling transformational leadership in
nonprofit organizations

10. (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from ProQuest Dissertations
& Theses database. (UMI No. 2284627)
This qualitative study examines the various forms of
transformational leadership practiced in nonprofit organizations
in the Southeastern United States. The study takes a
comparative approach, investigating similarities and differences
between leadership styles in for-profit and nonprofit
organizations. Based on the results of open-ended interviews
with executive leaders, the study offers a detailed analysis and
recommendations for strengthening nonprofit leadership using
transformational strategies.
DuFour, R. (2002). Beyond instructional leadership: The
learning-centered principal. Educational Leadership, 59(8), 12–
15. doi: 10.1909/17845930958349604
In this short article, DuFour describes his experience as a
principal and the issues he faced in that role regarding
instructional leadership. DuFour promoted a shift from
instruction-oriented leaders to learning-oriented leaders, citing
the need to focus on outcomes rather than process in education.
To facilitate this change, DuFour recommends the
implementation of a systemic method of monitoring and
evaluating student progress.
Rousseau, D. M. (1997). Organizational behavior in the new
organizational era. Annual Review of Psychology, 48(2), 515–
546. Retrieved from
http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/loi/psych
In this historically comprehensive article, Rousseau discusses
the paradigmatic shift in the meaning of the word organization
as it changes from an entity-based term to focus on the
components of the entity.
Copyright © XXXX by University of Phoenix. All rights

11. reserved.
Copyright © 2015, 2014 by University of Phoenix. All rights
reserved.
Title
ABC/123 Version X
1
Assessment Worksheet
PSYCH/665 Version 3
1
University of Phoenix MaterialAssessment Worksheet
Using the Mental Measurements Yearbook, identify three
measures of the constructs you are studying for your research
question
1. What is your research question?
2. Write a testablehypothesis for your research question.
3. What constructs is your research question investigating?
4. Using the Mental Measurements Yearbook, provide the
following information for three measures of the constructs:
a. What is the test? Include the name and authors.
b. How is the test used? Include the target population, how the
test is administered, and what information it provides.
c. What is known about the test’s psychometric properties, such
as reliability and validity?
d. Why would the test be useful for your study?
Copyright © XXXX by University of Phoenix. All rights
reserved.
Copyright © 2015, 2014 by University of Phoenix. All rights
reserved.