Cardboard hospital is a real-size prototyping environment for hospital environments and services. It is used in co-designing with patients, staff and architects. More information: http://designforhealthcare.blogspot.com/

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Cardboard Hospital
PROTOTYPING PATIENT-CENTRIC ENVIRONMENTS AND SERVICES
Juha Kronqvist
Heini Erving
Teemu Leinonen
Aalto University
School of Arts, Design
and Architecture
Nordic Design Research Conference
Co-design II
Wednesday June 12th 2013

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Forgotten patient?

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Patient
Centred
Care
While many hospitals are placing patient-centric planning
of their infrastructure and services in the core of activities,
they often lack the skills or tools to put this vision in
practice.
– Robinson 2008
POLICY
ECONOMIC
CLINICAL
PERSONAL CARE

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COMPLAINING INFORMING
LISTENING &
RESPONDING
CONSULTING &
ADVISING CO-DESIGN
expert
planning
participatory
planning
after Bate & Robert 2006
functional
needs
emotional
needs
explicit
knowledge
tacit
knowledge

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Context
BRIEF
How to place patients in the centre of the design process of
a new hospital building?
TEAM
design researcher > participatory & co-design methods
designer > interior design & set design
AIM
Combine set design and with aesthetic understanding to
create an experiential prototyping environment
PIRKANMAA HOSPITAL DISTRICT

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Promise Of A Good Care Experience
…The patient and their close ones receive a good experience
of the care.
…Care is based on trust and listening to the patient.
…The patient and their close ones are involved in the
planning, excecuting and evaluating of the care…
…The staff supports the patient’s ability to prevent and treat
illnesses and rehabilitate.
– Pirkanmaan hospital district strategy 2012–2016

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ether in the design development process.
shows a simple representation of the design process today. Of note
g emphasis on the front end. Formerly called ‘pre-design’, th
e many activities that take place in order to inform and inspire the
he front end of the design process has been growing as designers move
f what they design.
Sanders & Stappers 2008
FOCUS OF WORKSHOPS

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Theoretical inspiration
We give meaning to things through our
(aesthetic) interaction with the world.
Johnson 2007
Props connect terminology to the
everyday practices that are associated
with them.
e.g. Ehn 1993
Co-design materials are central agents in
affecting the outcomes of collaboration.
Agger Eriksen 2012
Aesthetic artifacts convey meanings and
experiences through interaction with
their users.
John Dewey 1934

11. Further inspiration
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LARS VON TRIER: DOGVILLE
Minimal use of props support an illusion of
a believable environment.
KALASATAMA TEMPORARY
A temporary “non-place” (Augé 1995) in
transition from industrial to residency
reappropriated by the public for new
meanings.

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1st drafts of the workshop space
Prototyping the interactions through scale models

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Structure
- Pre-workshop sensitizing
- Entering the workshop
- Introduction
- Sharing and discussing
- Construcing the patient
journeys
- Building and testing
- Sharing the results and
documenting

19. 19http://vimeo.com/juhak/cardboardhospital

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EVERYDAY SCALE, AMBIGUOUS FORM
The hospital environments have many historical conventions according to which they are built
and arranged. By stripping the self-evident and obvious from the elements we tried to frame
thinking from how-things- are to how-things-ought-to-be.

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REAL-WORLD ELEMENTS POINT TOWARDS EXISTING SOLUTIONS
Bringing in too realistic things seemed to frame thinking too much in existing solutions in
early design-phase workshops. Removing specialized elements brought the focus back on
experience instead of furniture placement.

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WORKSHOP ENVIRONMENT AS A “NON-SPACE”
Although the space was recognizable as a generic architectural construction, most of the
visual elements did not point towards a specific place or time. This temporal and geographical
ambiguity created a state between times, which can make it easier for participants to imagine
alternative states of things.

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PROPS AS “NON-THINGS”
They hint at possible functions, but they do not embody ready meanings or functions and thus
they can be repurposed and reimagined by the participants.

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AESTHETIC SETTINGS FOR AESTHETIC PRACTICES
The workshop setting has a dual role of framing and inspiring the action. On the other hand
the set design guides behaviour and interactions within the workshop, on the other it invites
participation in an artistic practice not as an outsider, but as a creator and a designer.

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THANK YOU.
@juhak
juha.kronqvist@aalto.fi
designingforhealthcare.blogspot.com