Download to read offline
carbon emission scenerioes.pptx PowerPoint
- 1.
- 2. Carbon Emissions Whatare carbon emissions? Carbon emissions mainly refer to carbon dioxide (CO₂) released into the air due to human activities. Along with CO₂, other greenhouse gases such as methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) are also included.
- 3. Main sources: Energyproduction: burning coal, oil, and gas for Electricity Transport: cars, buses, airplanes Industries: cement, steel, chemicals Deforestation: fewer trees to absorb CO₂ Agriculture: livestock and fertilizers
- 4. Why emissions matter: Greenhouse gases trap heat Increase Earth’s average temperature Cause climate change Example : More cars more fuel → burning more CO₂ higher → → temperature
- 5. Carbon Emission Scenarios Simple explanation: A carbon emission scenario is a scientific plan that describes how greenhouse gas emissions might change in the future, depending on human choices. Important point: ❌ Not a prediction ✅ A possibility
- 6. Scientists ask: Whatif population grows fast? What if renewable energy replaces fossil fuels? What if countries do nothing? Each answer creates a different scenario.
- 7. Why Carbon EmissionScenarios Are Needed 1. Understanding future climate Scenarios help scientists see how Earth’s climate may look in 2050 or 2100. 2. Policy making Governments use scenarios to: Make climate laws Decide emission targets 3. Risk assessment Flood risk Heat waves Sea level rise
- 8. Why Carbon EmissionScenarios Are Needed 4. Planning adaptation Flood defenses Heat-resistant crops Example : If emissions remain high → coastal cities need stronger sea walls.
- 9. Factors That ShapeEmission Scenarios (a) Population Growth More people more food, energy, → housing Leads to higher emissions (b) Economic Development Industrial growth increases emissions Rich countries usually emit more
- 10. Factors That ShapeEmission Scenarios (c) Technology Clean technology lower emissions → Old technology higher emissions → (d) Energy Use Fossil fuels high CO₂ → Solar/wind low CO₂ → (e) Government Policies Carbon tax reduces emissions No rules emissions rise →
- 11. What Are RCPs? Definition: RCPs are pathways that show how much heat (radiative forcing) greenhouse gases will trap in the atmosphere by 2100. Radiative forcing: Extra energy trapped in atmosphere Measured in watts per square meter (W/m²) Higher RCP number = more warming.
- 12. RCP4.5 – StabilizationScenario Emission trend: Emission trend: Emissions increase until mid-century Then decline Climate outcome: Moderate warming (2–3°C) Real-world picture: Partial climate policies Gradual clean energy adoption Example: Hybrid cars replace petrol cars slowly.
- 13. RCP2.6 – VeryLow Emission Pathway Emission trend: Emissions peak early Then rapidly decline Climate outcome: Warming limited to ~1.5–2°C Requirements: Strong global cooperation Renewable energy Energy efficiency Carbon capture Example: Countries ban coal plants and shift to solar.
- 14. RCP6.0 – Intermediate-HighScenario Emission trend: Emissions keep rising longer Decline late in century Climate outcome: High warming (3–4°C) Risk: Severe weather events Water stress
- 15. RCP8.5 – HighEmission Scenario Emission trend: Emissions rise continuously Climate outcome: Extreme warming (>4°C) Consequences: Melting ice caps Strong storms Crop failures Often called “business as usual”
- 16. SHARED SOCIOECONOMIC PATHWAYS (SSPs) What Are SSPs? SSPs describe how society develops, not just emissions. They focus on: Population Economy Technology Education Inequality SSPs explain why emissions increase or decrease
- 17. SSP1 – SustainabilityPathway Green technology Education & health improve Low population growth Impact: Low emissions Easy mitigation & adaptation SSP2 – Middle-of-the-Road Current trends continue Moderate progress Impact: Medium emissions Medium challenges
- 18. SSP3 – RegionalRivalry Countries compete, not cooperate High population growth Impact: High emissions Difficult adaptation
- 19. SSP4 – Inequality Rich adapt easily Poor suffer climate impacts Impact: Unequal vulnerability SSP5 – Fossil-Fuel Development Rapid economic growth Heavy fossil fuel use Impact: Very high emissions Low mitigation effort
- 20. PURPOSE OF SCENARIOS Environmental assessment: Ecosystem damage Biodiversity loss Health impacts: Heat stress Disease spread Economic impacts: Infrastructure damage Agricultural loss Climate planning: Emission reduction strategies Adaptation measures
- 21. MODELING AND ANALYSIS Role of Climate Models (GCMs) What are GCMs? Large computer programs Simulate atmosphere, oceans, land How scenarios are used: Choose an emission scenario Input data into GCM Model simulates future climate Scientists analyze results Outputs from Models Temperature maps Rainfall patterns Sea level rise Extreme events
- 22. EASY ANALOGY Differentscenarios different outcomes. → Earth = patient Carbon emissions = calories Too many calories obesity → Balanced calories healthy body → EXAM-READY KEY NOTES ✔Emission scenarios are scientific tools ✔ RCPs focus on greenhouse gas concentration ✔ SSPs focus on socioeconomic development ✔ Used with climate models ✔ Help policy-making and adaptation🔚 FINAL SUMMARY Carbon emission scenarios help us understand possible climate futures. Human choices today decide which scenario becomes reality.
- 23.