Contribution to the understanding of the importance and the potential of car park to our cities. Opening lecture at Smart Parking UAE 2016, Dubai.

1. Car ParkContribution to livable cities
2nd
ANNUAL SMART
PARKING UAE 2016
RENATO CONDE
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2. CAR
PARK.
Car Park
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3. WHERE
IT CAME
FROM?
Car Park
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4. The society of the automobile
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5. The large-scale,
production-line
manufacturing of
affordable cars was
debuted by Ransom
Olds in 1901 at his
Oldsmobile factory in
Lansing, Michigan
Over the course of
the 20th century, the
car rapidly developed
from an expensive
toy for the rich into the
“wonderful” standard
for passenger
transport in most
developed countries
In developing countries,
the effects of the car
have lagged, but are
emulating the impacts of
developed nations
The Ford T
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6. Car parking is the basic
facility of providing
convenient and secure
space to the cars for
customers who intend to
visit some place
The initiation of the
car parking industry
dates back to 1898
when the first public
parking garage for motor
vehicles was opened in
Boston, USA
Multi-storey Car Park is
a building designed for
car parking and where
there are a number of
floors or levels on which
parking takes place
It is essentially
a stacked car
park
Modern Multi-Storey
Car Park, 1929
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7. One of the earliest
known multi-storey car
park was built in 1918
for the Hotel La Salle at
215 West Washington
Street in the West Loop
area of downtown
Chicago, USA
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8. Traditionally space
in parking is defined
through number of
parking lots where each
parking lot is a standard
block of marked
area designated to
accommodate a single
car/vehicle unit
The number of parking
lots in a car parking
facility becomes its
capacity or inventory
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9. In most countries where
cars are the dominant
mode of transportation,
car parks are a feature
of every city and
suburban area
Many municipalities
require a minimum
number of parking
spaces
depending on the floor
area in a store or the
number of bedrooms in
an apartment complex.
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10. Effects of the car on society
While the introduction of the mass-
produced car represented a revolution in
mobility and convenience, the modern
consequences of heavy automotive use
are associated to poor urban life.
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11. São Paulo, BRAZIL
the generation of air
and noise pollution
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12. accidental death
rise in obesity
- urban sprawl
- social isolation< <

13. ARABIAN RANCHES, DUBAI
AUGUST 2016
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14. Pressure
Due to a recent trend towards more
livable and walkable communities, both
livable streets advocates and
developers alike have criticized
parking minimums.
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15. < <

16. Land Usage
A parking lot needs fairly
large space, around
25 square meters per
parking spot
This means that lots
usually need more
land area than for
corresponding buildings
for offices or shops if
most employees and
visitors arrive by car
This means
covering large
areas with
buildings or
asphalt
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17. The compact city or city
of short distances
It is based on an efficient
public transport system
and encourages walking
and cycling
Arguably a more
sustainable urban
settlement...
less dependent
on the car
...requiring less (and
cheaper per capita)
infrastructure provision
Compact City
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18. Contains specific
features that are
designed to encourage
public transport use
Key feature of transit-
oriented development is
reduced amounts of
parking for personal
vehicles
TOD
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19. SO, HOW IS
CAR PARK
ADAPTING?
Car Park
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20. Significance
Car parks have been around almost
since the time cars were invented. In
most cases, they are located in
prominent areas, adjacent to landmarks,
and even represent an institution.
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21. Car parking is a basic
facility providing
convenient and secure
space to the cars for
customers who intend to
visit some place (from a
mall to office to perhaps
a stadium)
This also means the
facility is desirably
located near
commercial or activity
hubs
Wembley Car Park
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22. Herma Parking Building
JOHO Architecture
Seul, 2010
Cities are developing
into smart cities
Customers expect
parking facilities to be
open 24/7
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23. Need for parking
facilities that have a
better appearance
Veranda Car Park, Paul de Ruiter,
Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 2003
Park+Ride De Uithof, KCAP / studioSK
Utrecht, The Netherlands, 2013
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24. Cities use every inch of
public space
The demand for
sustainable solutions for
the built environment will
increase
Ballet Valet Parking
Garage, Miami, USA
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25. Increasing necessity for
better customer service
The condition and
facilities provided by the
parking lot is also a price
point consideration
Additional services and
facilities like providing
car wash or gas station
next to the parking lot is
another revenue point
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26. Or even seasonal
activities like the Toronto
Underground Market
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27. Require minimum
landscaping in
parking lots
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28. The number of
electric vehicles is
rising steadily
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29. AND WHATABOUT
ARCHITECTURAL
SIGNIFICANCE &
VALUE?
Car Park
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30. “In the Pantheon of Building
Types, the parking garage
lurks somewhere in the
vicinity of prisons and toll
plazas.”
- Architectural Record
“(...) the grim afterthought of
American design”.
- The New York Times
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31. Art Déco car park, in helicoidal concrete shape, built in
Grenoble in the 30’s by architects Flumet & Noiray< << <

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33. SO, WHATARE
GOOD
EXAMPLES?
Car Park
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34. Mix of uses
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35. 1111 Lincoln Road
Herzog & de Meuron
Miami, USA, 2010
Multi-storey car
park in Miami
Beach
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36. “A grand central
staircase” rather than an
enclosed stairwell and is
also filled with public art
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37. < <

38. Naturally lit parking
levels that can also be
used for other activities
above a row of shops
and restaurants
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39. Also plays host to
parties, yoga classes
and weddings
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40. Placement
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41. Santa Monica Municipal
Parking Garage
Brooks + Scarpa, 2011
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42. It was about time for an
overhaul. Built in 1980,
the parking garage for
the Santa Monica Place
Mall – both designed by
Gehry – was severely
outdated.
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43. Façade is multivalent
and rich with meaning
performing several roles
for formal, functional and
experiential effect
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44. Make the parking
structure act visually
more as a building that
is part of the city fabric
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45. Retail on the ground
level, a bike station,
improved pedestrian
access, signage and
public art. These
improvements will
afford a much more
convivial and welcoming
experience for residents
and for the millions of
visitors
The architects added
retail kiosks on the
ground level, a bike
station, and better
pedestrian access. And
they incorporated public
art initiatives
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46. < <

47. < <

48. Corporate
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49. Volkswagen’s Car Park at
AutoStadt
HENN Architekten
Wolfsburg, Germany, 2000
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50. Two 20-story, 60 meters
tall tube shaped towers
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51. Created as a temporary
storage for new vehicles
But also as a tool used
to create a stunning
delivery process for all
customers
The cars are transported
automatically from the
factory to the basement
Car is transported
quicker and safer
Panoramic glass
elevator that allows the
visitors
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52. < <

53. 37% of all new
Volkswagen cars
buyers in Germany
actually travel to
the AutoStadt to
pick up their new
car in person
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54. Public park
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55. Şışhane Park
SANALarc
Beyoğlu, Istambul, Turkey,
2014
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56. Urban public space in
central Istanbul
The park bleeds into the
streets of the city
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57. Design intends to re-
engage residents and
visitors into the natural
qualities of the urban
environment as an
alternative public space
Materials are selected
to offer both familiar and
alternative textures to
the hardness of the city’s
surfaces
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58. Large pubic spaces
for cultural programing
and contrasting intimate
spaces for resting,
enjoying the shade
of trees, playing and
passing time with the
community.
The features are framed
by a rich landscape for
different species unique
to the Halic
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62. Animating the public
space is the park’s
multi-modal services to
the public and private
transportation of Istanbul
Seasonal change, day
to night, cultural events
and the spontaneity
of different persons
enjoying the park
amenities
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63. Infrastructure
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64. Katwijk Underground
Parking Garage
Royal HaskoningDHV
Holland, 2015
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65. Integrated the building
into the existing
landscape
To disguise its bulk and
give it an “understated
elegance”
To contribute to the
area’s flood defenses
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66. “The underground parking is
carefully embedded into its
natural dune environment so
as to respect its surrounding
landscape”
- - Richard van den Brule, architect
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70. The submerged parking
level is accessed via
gently ramped roads
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72. Thank you
renato.conde@outlook.com<