Canada's location provides access to three coastlines and several important waterways like the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River, which influence where Canadians live and the country's trade. The southern part of Canada has a climate suitable for agriculture and most of the population lives near the Great Lakes or St. Lawrence River. Canada's natural resources like forests, minerals, and hydroelectric power from rivers are major exports, though extracting them has caused environmental issues.

1. Warm Up What Physical Feature in Canada do you think is the most important? Why?

2. Essential Question How does location, climate, access to water and resources affect where Canadians choose to live and work?

3. Canada’s Natural Resources and Physical Features

4. I can explain the impact of location, climate, distribution of resources, and population distribution on Canada. I can explain the environmental issues of Canada.

5. Location of Canada Located in the Northern hemisphere and Western hemisphere The US state of Alaska borders Canada to the west

6. Location of Canada Population is about 33 million people Small population considering is the 2 nd largest country in the world The Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River are important trade routes from the Atlantic Ocean

8. Canada’s Physical Resources Canada is surrounded by three coastlines Arctic (North), Pacific (West), Atlantic (East) Canada’s 3 oceans have helped Canada to be a leader in exporting fish to other countries

9. Physical Features of Canada Hudson Bay is a major resource in Canada One major river in Canada is the St. Lawrence River From the Gulf of St. Lawrence to the Great Lakes

10. Physical Features of Canada Canadian Shield- large rocky area in eastern and central Canada Rocky Mountains are in the western part of Canada Over 3,000 miles long Beautiful physical feature but also influences climate, tourism , and natural resources

11. Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River The Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River are important because it provides: A way to import and export goods Jobs : are located in the Southern part of Canada because many factories are built near the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River Good farmlands are located near the St. Lawrence River provide grains , vegetables and fruit .

12. Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River

13. Canadian Population Where do many Canadians live? 1. Live in the Southern Part of Canada 2. Live near waterways such as the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River

15. Canada’s Northern Tundra Northern Tundra : The northern part of Canada is very cold and considered a tundra: a nearly treeless plain and permanently frozen subsoil Its cold temperature makes it unpopular to live in

16. Canada’s Location and Trade Canada three coastlines (Arctic, Pacific, Atlantic) allows it to trade Asia and Europe Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River allows for goods to be shipped from central Canada to the Atlantic Ocean. The United States receives 80% of Canada's exports.

17. Natural Resources of Canada Natural resources- gifts of nature Iron ore, nickel , zinc, copper, gold, lead , diamonds, and silver are a few examples of natural resources Good forests, lots of rivers and lakes , fish, fresh water, hydroelectric power Good soil, coal , oil, natural gas Most resources are found in remote (far away or distant ) areas

18. Canada’s Natural Resources and Trade Canada exports many natural resources Canada has many sources of water which is used for hydroelectricity – Extra energy is sold to the U.S . 5% of Canadian land can be used for farming which is a lot of land because Canada is the 2 nd largest country in the world.

19. Canadian Climate The climate of Canada limits the location of the population Southern region is much like the northern United States with warm summers and cold winters

20. Warm Up What part of Canada would you most like to visit? Why?

21. Canadian Climate Central and southern Canada has a long growing season and are an important sources of canola, wheat and other grains Pacific region has cool summers and mild winters but can receive 100 inches of rain a year

22. Canada’s Climate and Trade Northern Canada has a rough and cold climate Southern Canada is good for farming . Canola, wheat and other grains are grown in large amounts These crops are exported to other countries that can’t produce these crops due to having small amounts of farmland or bad climate.

23. Canadian Shield Canadian Shield It is a rocky surface of mainly igneous ( hard ) rock and forests The C.S. has three major natural resources: forests, minerals, and water. Forest are important for Canada’s timber industry

24. Canadian Shield Canadian Shield Minerals such as copper , iron, lead, nickel, gold, silver, uranium, zinc and diamonds . Rivers and lakes of the region make it an important source of hydroelectric power.

25. Canadian Shield Environmental Problems Extracting (taking out) natural resources such as trees or minerals from the Canadian Shield has led to major pollution in the Canadian Shield. Pollution causes: coal fired electric power plants, metal smelters, automobiles and trucks

26. Canadian Shield Environmental Problems Acid Rain falls in the C.S. but spreads rapidly because the C.S.is made up of hard rock bedrock, which allows the acid rain to spread easier. Imagine pouring water over dirt or a rock . Which surface does the water spread faster on? Rock

27. Great Lakes Pollution Many companies are located near the Great Lakes because they can use it to import and export goods Overtime the Great Lakes has been a location for companies to dump toxic waste in.

28. Great Lakes Pollution Water pollution affects the health of the waterway , and leads to contaminated water life which creates "dead" lakes. People who regularly eat a lot of fish will have larger levels of toxic chemicals in their bodies than those who only eat fish occasionally.

29. Canada’s Timber Industry Nearly 50% of Canada is covered in vast forests Canada’s forests provide: Oxygen Habitat for wildlife Human Recreation (hiking, camping and fishing) Logging companies cut the trees down to sell it as timber

30. Canada’s Timber Industry Logging companies cut the trees down to sell it as timber Environmental Groups/Government Intervention: Force Logging companies to plant small trees and seeds Reduce the daily amount of trees being cut