VALUE CREATION 
IN COMPANIES 2.0 
> FREEMIUM, 
> PLATFORM BASED BM 
> TWO SIDED PBBM 
> MULTISIDED PBBM
MICHAL GROMEK 
RESEARCHER ON FINTECH & CROWDFUNDING 
#SE.LINKEDIN.COM/IN/MGROMEK
STOCKHOLM
SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS 
1320 ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND OPPORTUNITY 
STOCKHOLM, MARCH 3RD 2017  
PICTURE: HTTPS://WWW.FLICKR.COM/PHOTOS/DICK-SIJTSMA/
"100 YEARS AGO THE
LIFE EXPECTANCY OF
FIRMS WAS 90 YEARS.
TODAY IT IS DOWN TO
10-15 YEARS "
SOURCE: HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=DBRXOXJUV_C, SSE, MASTER IN BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT,
ACCESSED 15TH OF FEBRUARY 2017
STOCKHOLM
SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS 
"HALF OF THE FORTUNE
500 COMPANIES HAVE 
DISAPPEREAD 
SINCE 2000"
PIERRE NANTERME, CEO ACCENTURE, 2016, BASED ON HTTP://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/ETEIGLAND/NEW-INDUSTRIAL-
REVOLUTION-AND-DIGITAL-BUSINESS-MODELS?QID=61CF5C5C-CE83-4E1E-BEBF-4571B011D7C4&V=&B=&FROM_SEARCH=2 
SOURCE: HTTP://WWW.VISUALCAPITALIST.COM/CHART-LARGEST-COMPANIES-MARKET-CAP-15-YEARS/
HTTP://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/ETEIGLAND/NEW-INDUSTRIAL-REVOLUTION-AND-DIGITAL-BUSINESS-MODELS?
QID=61CF5C5C-CE83-4E1E-BEBF-4571B011D7C4&V=&B=&FROM_SEARCH=2 (ACCESSED FEBRUARY 2017) 
IN ORDER TO GROW, WALMART HAD TO BUILD MORE
STORES - AND FACEBOOK? 
MARKET CAP VALUATIONS
—INTERNET VS. PLATFORM
COMPANIES
STOCKHOLM
SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS 
SOURCE: HTTPS://WWW.ACCENTURE.COM/FR-FR/_ACNMEDIA/PDF-2/ACCENTURE-PLATFORM-
ECONOMY-TECHNOLOGY-VISION-2016-FRANCE.PDF (ACCESSED 3RD OF MARCH)
1995
2015 
Alibaba
Alphabet
Amazon.com
Apple
Baidu
eBay
Facebook
JD.com
LinkedIn
Netflix
Priceline.com
Salesforce
Tencent
Twitter
Yahoo!
Tech Companies and
Born-Digital Organizations
Apple 
Axel Springer
Copart
Fox Communications
IAC/InterActive Corp
iLive
iStart Internet
Live Microsystems
Netcom Online
Netscape
PSINet
RentPath
Storage Computer Corp.
Wave Corporation
Web.com
Internet Companies 
$2,560,902 $MM
$16,752 $MM
+15,187.1%
GROW OF
PLATFORM 
COMPANIES
1995-2015
ADAPTED FROM PARKER & VAN ALSTYNE, WITH CHOUDARY, 2016, AND UPDATED JANUARY 2017 
HTTP://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/ETEIGLAND/NEW-INDUSTRIAL-REVOLUTION-AND-DIGITAL-BUSINESS-MODELS?
QID=61CF5C5C-CE83-4E1E-BEBF-4571B011D7C4&V=&B=&FROM_SEARCH=2 (ACCESSED FEBRUARY 2017) 
VALUATION OF THE COMPANIES FROM THE (UPCOMING)
"FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION"
ADAPTED FROM PARKER & VAN ALSTYNE, WITH CHOUDARY, 2016, AND UPDATED JANUARY 2017 
HTTP://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/ETEIGLAND/NEW-INDUSTRIAL-REVOLUTION-AND-DIGITAL-BUSINESS-MODELS?
QID=61CF5C5C-CE83-4E1E-BEBF-4571B011D7C4&V=&B=&FROM_SEARCH=2 (ACCESSED FEBRUARY 2017) 
POWER OF MULTISIDED PLATFORM 
WORLD LARGEST ACCOMENDATION 
PROVIDER OWNS NO PROPERTY
WORLD LARGEST TAXI COMPANY 
OWNS NOT A SINGLE CAR
WORLD LARGEST RETAILER DOESN'T
OWN  A WEARHOUSE
WORLD LARGEST MEDIA COMPANY 
DOESN'T CREATE CONTENT
CLICK HERE FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT
PIPES VS PLATFORM BUSINESS MODEL 
TRADITIONAL PIPE BUSINESS MODEL 
EXAMPLE: CAR 
CO
N
SU
M
PTIO
N
 
D
ISTRIBU
TIO
N
 
LO
G
ISTICS 
PRO
CESSIO
N
 
PRO
D
U
CTIO
N
 
IN
PU
T 
ADAPTED FROM PARKER & VAN ALSTYNE 2016  FROM 
HTTP://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/ETEIGLAND/NEW-INDUSTRIAL-REVOLUTION-AND-DIGITAL-BUSINESS-MODELS?
QID=61CF5C5C-CE83-4E1E-BEBF-4571B011D7C4&V=&B=&FROM_SEARCH=2 (ACCESSED FEBRUARY 2017) 
SELLER OF PRODUCTS AND / OR  SERVICES
SMACIT TO MAKE LINEAR PROCESS EFFICIENT
SUPPLY-SIDE ECONOMIES OF SCALE
MANAGER OF THE FIRM WITH DISTINCT BOUNDARIES
FIRST MOVER ADVANTAGE
OWNERSHIP OF RESOURCES
STOCKHOLM
SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS 
SMACITS = Social M = Mobile A = Analytics C = Cloud IT = IoT
TRADITIONAL PIPE
BUSINESS MODEL
MULTI & TWO SIDED
PLATFORM MODEL
ADAPTED FROM PARKER & VAN ALSTYNE 2016  FROM 
HTTP://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/ETEIGLAND/NEW-INDUSTRIAL-REVOLUTION-AND-DIGITAL-BUSINESS-MODELS?
QID=61CF5C5C-CE83-4E1E-BEBF-4571B011D7C4&V=&B=&FROM_SEARCH=2 (ACCESSED FEBRUARY 2017) 
STOCKHOLM
SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS 
UNICORNS TEND TO BE PLATFORMS
(115 UNICORNS)
SOURCE: P. EVANS, CGE; CB INSIGHTS, CAPITAL IQ, CRUNCHBASE, 2015
NON PLATFORN
30%
PLATFORM
70%
STOCKHOLM
SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS 
PLATFORMS BY TYPE
CLICK HERE FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT
PIPES VS PLATFORM BUSINESS MODEL 
TWO SIDED & MULTISIDED PLATFORM BUSINESS MODEL 
CU
STO
M
ERS 
PRO
D
U
CERS
 
ADAPTED FROM PARKER & VAN ALSTYNE 2016  FROM 
HTTP://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/ETEIGLAND/NEW-INDUSTRIAL-REVOLUTION-AND-DIGITAL-BUSINESS-MODELS?
QID=61CF5C5C-CE83-4E1E-BEBF-4571B011D7C4&V=&B=&FROM_SEARCH=2 (ACCESSED FEBRUARY 2017) 
       DESTINATION FOR SOLVING CUSTOMER NEEDS
SMACIT TO CO-CREATE VALUE
DEMAND-SIDE ECONOMIES OF SCALE (NETWORK EFFECTS)
LEADER OF AN ECOSYSTEM WITH FUZZY BOUNDARIES
FIRST TO SCALE ADVANTAGE
ACCESS TO RESOURCES
PLATFORM 
PLATFORM BASED BUSINESS MODEL 
STOCKHOLM
SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS 
EXAMPLE. 
PHILIPS HEALTH SUITE, PARTNERED UP SALESFORCE,
AMAZON AWS, IOT, AND ALI CLOUD.
ALLOWS PERFORMING PATIENT MANAGEMENT, DATA
COLLECTION, AND MANAGEMENT OF HOME DEVICES.
SOURCE: HTTP://WWW.USA.PHILIPS.COM/HEALTHCARE/INNOVATION/ABOUT-HEALTH-SUITE (ACCESSED MARCH 3RD
2017) 
PLATFORM BASED BUSINESS MODEL 
STOCKHOLM
SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS 
EXAMPLE PRODUCT
PLEASE START WATCHING AT 2:02 MIN
SOURCE: HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=8QPUUC6GH4G (ACCESSED 3RD.03.2017) 
STOCKHOLM
SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS 
PICTURE: HTTPS://WWW.FLICKR.COM/PHOTOS/DICK-SIJTSMA/
TWO SIDED PLATFORM 
 
SOURCE:2016  PARKER & VAN ALSTYNE, WITH CHOUDARY – LICENSED
UNDER CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION-SHAREALIKE 4.0
INTERNATIONAL (CC BY-SA 4.0).
 
Phone Callers
Uber Drivers
eBay Sellers
Xbox Developers
Amex Merchants
Aga Khan Doctors
YouTube Videographers
AirBnb Rooms
Tesla Charge Stations
Mechanical Turk Laborers
LinkedIn Employers
Upwork Projects
Android Developers
Phone Callees
Uber Riders
eBay Buyers
Xbox Gamers
Amex CardHolders
Aga Khan Patients
YouTube Viewers
AirBnb Renters
Tesla Car Drivers
Mechanical Turk Jobs
LinkedIn Employees
Upwork Freelancers
Android Users
HTTP://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/MARKETREVOLUTION/SHSU-SHARING-ECONOMY-COLLABORATIVE-CONSUMPTION  FROM 
HTTP://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/ETEIGLAND/NEW-INDUSTRIAL-REVOLUTION-AND-DIGITAL-BUSINESS-MODELS?
QID=61CF5C5C-CE83-4E1E-BEBF-4571B011D7C4&V=&B=&FROM_SEARCH=2 (ACCESSED FEBRUARY 2017) 
POWER OF MULTISIDED PLATFORM 
STOCKHOLM
SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS 
USERS ARE CREATING
VALUE FOR OTHER USERS.
 
SOURCE: CAÑIGUERAL “PLATFORMS ARE EATING THE WORLD” SLIDESHARE.NET
CLICK HERE FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT
PIPES VS PLATFORM BUSINESS MODEL 
PLATFORM LEVERAGE NETWORK EFFECTS >>>
HTTP://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/ETEIGLAND/NEW-INDUSTRIAL-REVOLUTION-AND-DIGITAL-BUSINESS-MODELS?
QID=61CF5C5C-CE83-4E1E-BEBF-4571B011D7C4&V=&B=&FROM_SEARCH=2 (ACCESSED FEBRUARY 2017) 
METCALFE’S LAW: 
MORE USERS = MORE VALUE = MORE USERS… 
2 PHONES 
12 CONNECTIONS 
5 PHONES 12 PHONES
60 CONNECTIONS 
STOCKHOLM
SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS 
PICTURE: HTTPS://WWW.FLICKR.COM/PHOTOS/DICK-SIJTSMA/
TAKE ONE MINUTE AND
LIST  FIVE POINTS WHY
WHAT MIGHT NOT WORK
WITHIN THE PLATFORM
 BUSINESS MODEL?  
STOCKHOLM
SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS 
PICTURE: HTTPS://WWW.FLICKR.COM/PHOTOS/DICK-SIJTSMA/
PLATFORM 
BASED MODEL 
ENOUGH RESOURCES ON THE SUPPLY SIDE.
(UBER PL DEMAND 3X HIGHER THAN
SUPPLY) 
CUSTOMER SERVICE THAT FITS THE
CULTURE OF CUSTOMERS (DIDI VS. UBER) 
LIMITATION OF BAD QUALITY PROVIDERS
ON THE PLATFORM (UBER'S 4.5 RATING)
CHICKEN EGG PROBLEM 
WINNER TAKES ALL MARKET  
STOCKHOLM
SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS 
PICTURE: HTTPS://WWW.FLICKR.COM/PHOTOS/DICK-SIJTSMA/
SOURCE: PROF KARIM LAKHANI, OPEN INNOVATION HOW CAN I USE THE CROWD, ESBRI 26.02.106 
FREEMIUM BUSINESS MODEL 
EXAMPLE: 
CHARACTERISTCS: 
YOUR COST OF ADDING ONE ADDITIONAL USER IS MARGINAL OR
ZERO. (ECONOMY OF SCALE) 
YOU HAVE OR WILL SIGNIFICANT TRACTIONS OF USERS.
FREEMIUM IS NOT ONLY FOR IT SERVICES, BUT MUSIC (SPOTIFY),
ANALYTICS (STATISTA), PRESENTATIONS, VIDEOS, .... 
ONLY 8% OF THE USERS
BUY PREMIUM SERVICES 
FREEMIUM EXAMPLE: 
STOCKHOLM
SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS 
TOONIA COLOURBOOK 
1 million downloads
doubling of price
paid
no traction
SINCE 2013: 
2 MILLION DOWNLOADS  (40K IN FEBRUARY 2017) 
PRICE 9,99 EURO 
BETTER RETENTIONS 
BIG AMOUNT OF PROFIT ON THE "PACKS"
SOURCE: PARTLY FROM, HTTPS://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/JESSICATAMS1/RUNNING-A-
FREEMIUM-BUSINESS-MODEL-IN-THE-KIDS-CATEGORY-GORAN-IVASIC?
QID=16B1E5D5-50D7-41AC-99DD-ED4CD69FEBAE&V=&B=&FROM_SEARCH=4
(ACCESSED MARCH 2ND) 
launch of free app
FREEMIUM EXAMPLE: 
STOCKHOLM
SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS 
TOONIA COLOURBOOK 
THE DEVELOPERS DECIDED TO CREATE AN ENTIRE PACKAGE OF
SUBSIDIARY BRANDS
SOURCE: 
HTTPS://SENSORTOWER.COM/
ACCESSED MARCH  2017
STOCKHOLM
SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS 
PICTURE: HTTPS://WWW.FLICKR.COM/PHOTOS/DICK-SIJTSMA/
SOURCE: HTTP://WWW.BUSINESSINSIDER.COM/PROBLEMS-WITH-FREEMIUM-MODEL-2013-5?R=US&IR=T&IR=T
(ACCESSED 2ND OF MARCH 2017) 
FREEMIUM
“IT CAN WORK WONDERFULLY OF COURSE,
BUT USUALLY IT CRUSHES AND DESTROYS
COMPANIES, NOT ONLY BECAUSE IT  …. “ 
STOCKHOLM
SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS 
PICTURE: HTTPS://WWW.FLICKR.COM/PHOTOS/DICK-SIJTSMA/
SOURCE: HTTP://WWW.BOTHSIDESOFTHETABLE.COM/2012/05/23/ITS-MORNING-IN-VENTURE-CAPITAL/ (ACCESSED 1ST
OF FEBRUARY)  
ADVANTAGES OF FREEMIUM
CONVERSATION. CUSTOMER SERVICE.
MARKETING EXPENSES: 
EASY TO UPSET 
STATS FROM INVESTORS 
LOWER AND LOWER COSTS TO START 
BIG USERBASE FOR USER ANALYTICS.
NOT USING THE COMPETITION. 
STOCKHOLM
SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS 
PICTURE: HTTPS://WWW.FLICKR.COM/PHOTOS/DICK-SIJTSMA/
TAKE ONE MINUTE AND
LIST  FIVE POINTS WHY
WHAT MIGHT NOT WORK
WITHIN THE FREEMIUM
BUSINESS MODEL?  
STOCKHOLM
SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS 
PICTURE: HTTPS://WWW.FLICKR.COM/PHOTOS/DICK-SIJTSMA/
DISCUSS YOUR
ARGUMENT WITHIN YOUR
GROUP - IF FREEMIUM IS A
SUITABLE BUSINESS
MODEL FOR YOUR
STARTUP. (MIN. ONE PRO
AND ONE CONT
ARGUMENT?) YOU WILL BE
ASKED TO PRESENT.
3 MINUTES. 
STOCKHOLM
SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS 
PICTURE: HTTPS://WWW.FLICKR.COM/PHOTOS/DICK-SIJTSMA/
SOURCE: 4% + HTTPS://WWW.FORBES.COM/SITES/BENKEPES/2014/02/24/CONFIRMATION-OF-DROPBOXS-MONSTER-
RAISE/#43B12BD17678 (ACCESSED 2ND OF MARCH 2017), 1%
+ HTTPS://WWW.FORBES.COM/SITES/VICTORIABARRET/2012/11/13/DROPBOX-HITS-100-MILLION-USERS-SAYS-DREW-
HOUSTON/&REFURL=&REFERRER= (ACCESSED WND OF MARCH 2017) 
CHALLENGES OF FREEMIUM
CONVERSATION. CUSTOMER SERVICE.
MARKETING EXPENSES: 
 USERS DON’T CONVERT TO PAID USERS. DROPBOX HAS A RATE OF 1
PAYING USERS PER 25 FREE USERS.  (OR 1% AS THE NUMBERS ARE
DISPUTED) 
FREEMIUM USERS OUTNUMBER THE AMOUNT OF PAID USERS 100-TO-1 IN
SUPPORT FORUMS AND MIGHT DROWN YOUR CUSTOMER AND TECH
SERVICE. COMPANIES STATE: “CUSTOMER SERVICE IS NOT INCLUDED IN
THE FREE TIER, BUT CAN YOU REALLY IGNORE YOUR CUSTOMERS?”. 
AS ONLINE MARKETING IS BEING BASED ON CTR AND AFFILIATE
MARKETING RELIES ON USER CONVERSATION IT THE ONLINE MARKETING
COSTS HAS TO INCREASE BY 96 TIMES TO RECEIVE FOUR PAYING
CUSTOMERS. (DROPBOX EXAMPLE). VIRAL PRODUCT OR YOU CAN’T
AFFORD TO ADVERTISE. 
STOCKHOLM
SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS 
1. MAKE SURE TO BE VERY CLEAR ABOUT WHAT
IS AND IS NOT INCLUDED IN FREEMIUM.
2. CALCULATE THAT ONLY ONE OUT OF 100
USERS MIGHT PAY FOR YOUR SERVICE.
3. CREATE LEAN CUSTOMER SUPPORT TOOLS,
SEE AIRBNB OR FACEBOOK AS INSPIRATIONS.
4. THINK ABOUT DIFFERENT PREMIUM
PACKAGES CONNECTED TO SPECIFIC NEEDS.
(TONNIA DRAW BOOK EXAMPLES) 
5. MAKE SURE, THAT USERS UNDERSTAND THAT
THEY USE A SERVICE THAT HAS BEEN CREATED
BY SOMEBODY AND IS NOT MECHANICAL.
6. PLAN YOU MARKETING COSTS CLEARLY AND
LOOK FOR UNIQUE PR STRATEGIES TO RECEIVE
ATTENTION.
7. PAY CLOSE ATTENTION TO ONLINE
MARKETING COSTS, (ADVERBS, SEO, AFFILIATE)
AND BUILD IN BUDGET BORDERS. THE
EXPENSES MIGHT RUIN THE BUDGET. 
RECOMMENDATION 
FREEMIUM 
STOCKHOLM
SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS 
SLACK, A REAL-TIME MESSAGING, ARCHIVING
AND SEARCH FOR THE WORK PLACE, IS
OFFERING ITS USERS $100 TO ANSWER 6
QUESTIONS.  I’LL SAY IT AGAIN, A NEW
COMPANY THAT HAS MADE IT TO A 1.1 BILLION
DOLLAR VALUATION WITH ITS FREE PRODUCT
BEING IN THE MARKET LESS THAN A YEAR, IS
PAYING USERS FOR INFORMATION.
LIFEHACK 
FREEMIUM
SOURCE: HTTP://WWW.GEEKTIME.COM/2014/11/25/WHY-A-FREEMIUM-PREMIUM-
BUSINESS-MODEL-DOESNT-WORK (ACCESSED  1ST MARCH 2017( 
DO SOMETHING UNUSUAL TO GET TRACTION
WHAT IS CHEAPER THAN TO USE TRADITIONAL
ONLINE MARKETING TOOLS. 

Business Models 2.0 - Freemium & Platform based business models

  • 1.
    VALUE CREATION  IN COMPANIES2.0  > FREEMIUM,  > PLATFORM BASED BM  > TWO SIDED PBBM  > MULTISIDED PBBM MICHAL GROMEK  RESEARCHER ON FINTECH & CROWDFUNDING  #SE.LINKEDIN.COM/IN/MGROMEK STOCKHOLM SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS  1320 ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND OPPORTUNITY  STOCKHOLM, MARCH 3RD 2017   PICTURE: HTTPS://WWW.FLICKR.COM/PHOTOS/DICK-SIJTSMA/
  • 2.
    "100 YEARS AGOTHE LIFE EXPECTANCY OF FIRMS WAS 90 YEARS. TODAY IT IS DOWN TO 10-15 YEARS " SOURCE: HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=DBRXOXJUV_C, SSE, MASTER IN BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT, ACCESSED 15TH OF FEBRUARY 2017
  • 3.
    STOCKHOLM SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS  "HALFOF THE FORTUNE 500 COMPANIES HAVE  DISAPPEREAD  SINCE 2000" PIERRE NANTERME, CEO ACCENTURE, 2016, BASED ON HTTP://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/ETEIGLAND/NEW-INDUSTRIAL- REVOLUTION-AND-DIGITAL-BUSINESS-MODELS?QID=61CF5C5C-CE83-4E1E-BEBF-4571B011D7C4&V=&B=&FROM_SEARCH=2 
  • 4.
  • 5.
    MARKET CAP VALUATIONS —INTERNETVS. PLATFORM COMPANIES STOCKHOLM SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS  SOURCE: HTTPS://WWW.ACCENTURE.COM/FR-FR/_ACNMEDIA/PDF-2/ACCENTURE-PLATFORM- ECONOMY-TECHNOLOGY-VISION-2016-FRANCE.PDF (ACCESSED 3RD OF MARCH) 1995 2015  Alibaba Alphabet Amazon.com Apple Baidu eBay Facebook JD.com LinkedIn Netflix Priceline.com Salesforce Tencent Twitter Yahoo! Tech Companies and Born-Digital Organizations Apple  Axel Springer Copart Fox Communications IAC/InterActive Corp iLive iStart Internet Live Microsystems Netcom Online Netscape PSINet RentPath Storage Computer Corp. Wave Corporation Web.com Internet Companies  $2,560,902 $MM $16,752 $MM +15,187.1% GROW OF PLATFORM  COMPANIES 1995-2015
  • 6.
    ADAPTED FROM PARKER& VAN ALSTYNE, WITH CHOUDARY, 2016, AND UPDATED JANUARY 2017  HTTP://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/ETEIGLAND/NEW-INDUSTRIAL-REVOLUTION-AND-DIGITAL-BUSINESS-MODELS? QID=61CF5C5C-CE83-4E1E-BEBF-4571B011D7C4&V=&B=&FROM_SEARCH=2 (ACCESSED FEBRUARY 2017)  VALUATION OF THE COMPANIES FROM THE (UPCOMING) "FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION"
  • 7.
    ADAPTED FROM PARKER& VAN ALSTYNE, WITH CHOUDARY, 2016, AND UPDATED JANUARY 2017  HTTP://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/ETEIGLAND/NEW-INDUSTRIAL-REVOLUTION-AND-DIGITAL-BUSINESS-MODELS? QID=61CF5C5C-CE83-4E1E-BEBF-4571B011D7C4&V=&B=&FROM_SEARCH=2 (ACCESSED FEBRUARY 2017)  POWER OF MULTISIDED PLATFORM  WORLD LARGEST ACCOMENDATION  PROVIDER OWNS NO PROPERTY WORLD LARGEST TAXI COMPANY  OWNS NOT A SINGLE CAR WORLD LARGEST RETAILER DOESN'T OWN  A WEARHOUSE WORLD LARGEST MEDIA COMPANY  DOESN'T CREATE CONTENT
  • 8.
    CLICK HERE FORMORE INFORMATION ABOUT PIPES VS PLATFORM BUSINESS MODEL  TRADITIONAL PIPE BUSINESS MODEL  EXAMPLE: CAR  CO N SU M PTIO N   D ISTRIBU TIO N   LO G ISTICS  PRO CESSIO N   PRO D U CTIO N   IN PU T  ADAPTED FROM PARKER & VAN ALSTYNE 2016  FROM  HTTP://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/ETEIGLAND/NEW-INDUSTRIAL-REVOLUTION-AND-DIGITAL-BUSINESS-MODELS? QID=61CF5C5C-CE83-4E1E-BEBF-4571B011D7C4&V=&B=&FROM_SEARCH=2 (ACCESSED FEBRUARY 2017)  SELLER OF PRODUCTS AND / OR  SERVICES SMACIT TO MAKE LINEAR PROCESS EFFICIENT SUPPLY-SIDE ECONOMIES OF SCALE MANAGER OF THE FIRM WITH DISTINCT BOUNDARIES FIRST MOVER ADVANTAGE OWNERSHIP OF RESOURCES
  • 9.
    STOCKHOLM SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS  SMACITS= Social M = Mobile A = Analytics C = Cloud IT = IoT TRADITIONAL PIPE BUSINESS MODEL MULTI & TWO SIDED PLATFORM MODEL ADAPTED FROM PARKER & VAN ALSTYNE 2016  FROM  HTTP://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/ETEIGLAND/NEW-INDUSTRIAL-REVOLUTION-AND-DIGITAL-BUSINESS-MODELS? QID=61CF5C5C-CE83-4E1E-BEBF-4571B011D7C4&V=&B=&FROM_SEARCH=2 (ACCESSED FEBRUARY 2017) 
  • 10.
    STOCKHOLM SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS  UNICORNSTEND TO BE PLATFORMS (115 UNICORNS) SOURCE: P. EVANS, CGE; CB INSIGHTS, CAPITAL IQ, CRUNCHBASE, 2015 NON PLATFORN 30% PLATFORM 70%
  • 11.
  • 12.
    CLICK HERE FORMORE INFORMATION ABOUT PIPES VS PLATFORM BUSINESS MODEL  TWO SIDED & MULTISIDED PLATFORM BUSINESS MODEL  CU STO M ERS  PRO D U CERS   ADAPTED FROM PARKER & VAN ALSTYNE 2016  FROM  HTTP://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/ETEIGLAND/NEW-INDUSTRIAL-REVOLUTION-AND-DIGITAL-BUSINESS-MODELS? QID=61CF5C5C-CE83-4E1E-BEBF-4571B011D7C4&V=&B=&FROM_SEARCH=2 (ACCESSED FEBRUARY 2017)         DESTINATION FOR SOLVING CUSTOMER NEEDS SMACIT TO CO-CREATE VALUE DEMAND-SIDE ECONOMIES OF SCALE (NETWORK EFFECTS) LEADER OF AN ECOSYSTEM WITH FUZZY BOUNDARIES FIRST TO SCALE ADVANTAGE ACCESS TO RESOURCES PLATFORM 
  • 13.
    PLATFORM BASED BUSINESSMODEL  STOCKHOLM SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS  EXAMPLE.  PHILIPS HEALTH SUITE, PARTNERED UP SALESFORCE, AMAZON AWS, IOT, AND ALI CLOUD. ALLOWS PERFORMING PATIENT MANAGEMENT, DATA COLLECTION, AND MANAGEMENT OF HOME DEVICES. SOURCE: HTTP://WWW.USA.PHILIPS.COM/HEALTHCARE/INNOVATION/ABOUT-HEALTH-SUITE (ACCESSED MARCH 3RD 2017) 
  • 14.
    PLATFORM BASED BUSINESSMODEL  STOCKHOLM SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS  EXAMPLE PRODUCT PLEASE START WATCHING AT 2:02 MIN SOURCE: HTTPS://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WATCH?V=8QPUUC6GH4G (ACCESSED 3RD.03.2017) 
  • 15.
    STOCKHOLM SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS  PICTURE: HTTPS://WWW.FLICKR.COM/PHOTOS/DICK-SIJTSMA/ TWOSIDED PLATFORM    SOURCE:2016  PARKER & VAN ALSTYNE, WITH CHOUDARY – LICENSED UNDER CREATIVE COMMONS ATTRIBUTION-SHAREALIKE 4.0 INTERNATIONAL (CC BY-SA 4.0).   Phone Callers Uber Drivers eBay Sellers Xbox Developers Amex Merchants Aga Khan Doctors YouTube Videographers AirBnb Rooms Tesla Charge Stations Mechanical Turk Laborers LinkedIn Employers Upwork Projects Android Developers Phone Callees Uber Riders eBay Buyers Xbox Gamers Amex CardHolders Aga Khan Patients YouTube Viewers AirBnb Renters Tesla Car Drivers Mechanical Turk Jobs LinkedIn Employees Upwork Freelancers Android Users
  • 16.
  • 17.
    STOCKHOLM SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS  USERSARE CREATING VALUE FOR OTHER USERS.   SOURCE: CAÑIGUERAL “PLATFORMS ARE EATING THE WORLD” SLIDESHARE.NET
  • 18.
    CLICK HERE FORMORE INFORMATION ABOUT PIPES VS PLATFORM BUSINESS MODEL  PLATFORM LEVERAGE NETWORK EFFECTS >>> HTTP://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/ETEIGLAND/NEW-INDUSTRIAL-REVOLUTION-AND-DIGITAL-BUSINESS-MODELS? QID=61CF5C5C-CE83-4E1E-BEBF-4571B011D7C4&V=&B=&FROM_SEARCH=2 (ACCESSED FEBRUARY 2017)  METCALFE’S LAW:  MORE USERS = MORE VALUE = MORE USERS…  2 PHONES  12 CONNECTIONS  5 PHONES 12 PHONES 60 CONNECTIONS 
  • 19.
    STOCKHOLM SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS  PICTURE: HTTPS://WWW.FLICKR.COM/PHOTOS/DICK-SIJTSMA/ TAKEONE MINUTE AND LIST  FIVE POINTS WHY WHAT MIGHT NOT WORK WITHIN THE PLATFORM  BUSINESS MODEL?  
  • 20.
    STOCKHOLM SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS  PICTURE: HTTPS://WWW.FLICKR.COM/PHOTOS/DICK-SIJTSMA/ PLATFORM  BASEDMODEL  ENOUGH RESOURCES ON THE SUPPLY SIDE. (UBER PL DEMAND 3X HIGHER THAN SUPPLY)  CUSTOMER SERVICE THAT FITS THE CULTURE OF CUSTOMERS (DIDI VS. UBER)  LIMITATION OF BAD QUALITY PROVIDERS ON THE PLATFORM (UBER'S 4.5 RATING) CHICKEN EGG PROBLEM  WINNER TAKES ALL MARKET  
  • 21.
    STOCKHOLM SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS  PICTURE: HTTPS://WWW.FLICKR.COM/PHOTOS/DICK-SIJTSMA/ SOURCE:PROF KARIM LAKHANI, OPEN INNOVATION HOW CAN I USE THE CROWD, ESBRI 26.02.106  FREEMIUM BUSINESS MODEL  EXAMPLE:  CHARACTERISTCS:  YOUR COST OF ADDING ONE ADDITIONAL USER IS MARGINAL OR ZERO. (ECONOMY OF SCALE)  YOU HAVE OR WILL SIGNIFICANT TRACTIONS OF USERS. FREEMIUM IS NOT ONLY FOR IT SERVICES, BUT MUSIC (SPOTIFY), ANALYTICS (STATISTA), PRESENTATIONS, VIDEOS, ....  ONLY 8% OF THE USERS BUY PREMIUM SERVICES 
  • 22.
    FREEMIUM EXAMPLE:  STOCKHOLM SCHOOL OFECONOMICS  TOONIA COLOURBOOK  1 million downloads doubling of price paid no traction SINCE 2013:  2 MILLION DOWNLOADS  (40K IN FEBRUARY 2017)  PRICE 9,99 EURO  BETTER RETENTIONS  BIG AMOUNT OF PROFIT ON THE "PACKS" SOURCE: PARTLY FROM, HTTPS://WWW.SLIDESHARE.NET/JESSICATAMS1/RUNNING-A- FREEMIUM-BUSINESS-MODEL-IN-THE-KIDS-CATEGORY-GORAN-IVASIC? QID=16B1E5D5-50D7-41AC-99DD-ED4CD69FEBAE&V=&B=&FROM_SEARCH=4 (ACCESSED MARCH 2ND)  launch of free app
  • 23.
    FREEMIUM EXAMPLE:  STOCKHOLM SCHOOL OFECONOMICS  TOONIA COLOURBOOK  THE DEVELOPERS DECIDED TO CREATE AN ENTIRE PACKAGE OF SUBSIDIARY BRANDS SOURCE:  HTTPS://SENSORTOWER.COM/ ACCESSED MARCH  2017
  • 24.
    STOCKHOLM SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS  PICTURE: HTTPS://WWW.FLICKR.COM/PHOTOS/DICK-SIJTSMA/ SOURCE: HTTP://WWW.BUSINESSINSIDER.COM/PROBLEMS-WITH-FREEMIUM-MODEL-2013-5?R=US&IR=T&IR=T (ACCESSED2ND OF MARCH 2017)  FREEMIUM “IT CAN WORK WONDERFULLY OF COURSE, BUT USUALLY IT CRUSHES AND DESTROYS COMPANIES, NOT ONLY BECAUSE IT  …. “ 
  • 25.
    STOCKHOLM SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS  PICTURE: HTTPS://WWW.FLICKR.COM/PHOTOS/DICK-SIJTSMA/ SOURCE: HTTP://WWW.BOTHSIDESOFTHETABLE.COM/2012/05/23/ITS-MORNING-IN-VENTURE-CAPITAL/(ACCESSED 1ST OF FEBRUARY)   ADVANTAGES OF FREEMIUM CONVERSATION. CUSTOMER SERVICE. MARKETING EXPENSES:  EASY TO UPSET  STATS FROM INVESTORS  LOWER AND LOWER COSTS TO START  BIG USERBASE FOR USER ANALYTICS. NOT USING THE COMPETITION. 
  • 26.
    STOCKHOLM SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS  PICTURE: HTTPS://WWW.FLICKR.COM/PHOTOS/DICK-SIJTSMA/ TAKEONE MINUTE AND LIST  FIVE POINTS WHY WHAT MIGHT NOT WORK WITHIN THE FREEMIUM BUSINESS MODEL?  
  • 27.
    STOCKHOLM SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS  PICTURE: HTTPS://WWW.FLICKR.COM/PHOTOS/DICK-SIJTSMA/ DISCUSSYOUR ARGUMENT WITHIN YOUR GROUP - IF FREEMIUM IS A SUITABLE BUSINESS MODEL FOR YOUR STARTUP. (MIN. ONE PRO AND ONE CONT ARGUMENT?) YOU WILL BE ASKED TO PRESENT. 3 MINUTES. 
  • 28.
    STOCKHOLM SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS  PICTURE: HTTPS://WWW.FLICKR.COM/PHOTOS/DICK-SIJTSMA/ SOURCE: 4%+ HTTPS://WWW.FORBES.COM/SITES/BENKEPES/2014/02/24/CONFIRMATION-OF-DROPBOXS-MONSTER- RAISE/#43B12BD17678 (ACCESSED 2ND OF MARCH 2017), 1% + HTTPS://WWW.FORBES.COM/SITES/VICTORIABARRET/2012/11/13/DROPBOX-HITS-100-MILLION-USERS-SAYS-DREW- HOUSTON/&REFURL=&REFERRER= (ACCESSED WND OF MARCH 2017)  CHALLENGES OF FREEMIUM CONVERSATION. CUSTOMER SERVICE. MARKETING EXPENSES:   USERS DON’T CONVERT TO PAID USERS. DROPBOX HAS A RATE OF 1 PAYING USERS PER 25 FREE USERS.  (OR 1% AS THE NUMBERS ARE DISPUTED)  FREEMIUM USERS OUTNUMBER THE AMOUNT OF PAID USERS 100-TO-1 IN SUPPORT FORUMS AND MIGHT DROWN YOUR CUSTOMER AND TECH SERVICE. COMPANIES STATE: “CUSTOMER SERVICE IS NOT INCLUDED IN THE FREE TIER, BUT CAN YOU REALLY IGNORE YOUR CUSTOMERS?”.  AS ONLINE MARKETING IS BEING BASED ON CTR AND AFFILIATE MARKETING RELIES ON USER CONVERSATION IT THE ONLINE MARKETING COSTS HAS TO INCREASE BY 96 TIMES TO RECEIVE FOUR PAYING CUSTOMERS. (DROPBOX EXAMPLE). VIRAL PRODUCT OR YOU CAN’T AFFORD TO ADVERTISE. 
  • 29.
    STOCKHOLM SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS  1.MAKE SURE TO BE VERY CLEAR ABOUT WHAT IS AND IS NOT INCLUDED IN FREEMIUM. 2. CALCULATE THAT ONLY ONE OUT OF 100 USERS MIGHT PAY FOR YOUR SERVICE. 3. CREATE LEAN CUSTOMER SUPPORT TOOLS, SEE AIRBNB OR FACEBOOK AS INSPIRATIONS. 4. THINK ABOUT DIFFERENT PREMIUM PACKAGES CONNECTED TO SPECIFIC NEEDS. (TONNIA DRAW BOOK EXAMPLES)  5. MAKE SURE, THAT USERS UNDERSTAND THAT THEY USE A SERVICE THAT HAS BEEN CREATED BY SOMEBODY AND IS NOT MECHANICAL. 6. PLAN YOU MARKETING COSTS CLEARLY AND LOOK FOR UNIQUE PR STRATEGIES TO RECEIVE ATTENTION. 7. PAY CLOSE ATTENTION TO ONLINE MARKETING COSTS, (ADVERBS, SEO, AFFILIATE) AND BUILD IN BUDGET BORDERS. THE EXPENSES MIGHT RUIN THE BUDGET.  RECOMMENDATION  FREEMIUM 
  • 30.
    STOCKHOLM SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS  SLACK,A REAL-TIME MESSAGING, ARCHIVING AND SEARCH FOR THE WORK PLACE, IS OFFERING ITS USERS $100 TO ANSWER 6 QUESTIONS.  I’LL SAY IT AGAIN, A NEW COMPANY THAT HAS MADE IT TO A 1.1 BILLION DOLLAR VALUATION WITH ITS FREE PRODUCT BEING IN THE MARKET LESS THAN A YEAR, IS PAYING USERS FOR INFORMATION. LIFEHACK  FREEMIUM SOURCE: HTTP://WWW.GEEKTIME.COM/2014/11/25/WHY-A-FREEMIUM-PREMIUM- BUSINESS-MODEL-DOESNT-WORK (ACCESSED  1ST MARCH 2017(  DO SOMETHING UNUSUAL TO GET TRACTION WHAT IS CHEAPER THAN TO USE TRADITIONAL ONLINE MARKETING TOOLS.