Burma’s Re-opening to the World: An Examination of Sustainable Tourism Development in the 21st Century

Burma’s Re-opening to the World: An Examination of Sustainable Tourism Development in the 21st Century

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  Myanmar’s Reopening tothe World: An Examination of Ecotourism Development in the Twenty First Century Research & Presented by: Daniel Pliske
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  ONTENTS .C Partone Introduction to Myanmar and ecotourism Part two Tourism Leadership and economic impact in Myanmar Part three Ecotourism in Myanmar
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  The Golden Land
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  Obstacles for Tourismin Myanmar High Colonialism (1920s) Civil War (1948-1962) Mass Tourism -2011 Socialist Regime (1962-1988) Quasi-socialist Regime (1990s) Structural corruption Crony capitalism Poverty Ongoing human rights violations Communal violence
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  Tourism Leadership inMyanmar Global and Regional Scale Development of World Tourism Global and Regional Organization National Scale - Myanmar Government
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  The development ofWorld Tourism > Tourism Leadership > Myanmar to rejoin UNWTO Myanmar signed the Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar and Vietnam Tourism Cooperation (CLMV) > Global – Regional Scale
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  Tourism Leadership NationalScale Ministry of Hotels and Tourism > > NGOs
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  Infrastructure Environmental concern Overseeing tourism Tourism investment Rail network Responsible Tourism Policy (2012) Best Practices for Foreign Visitors (2012) Tourism Master Plan (2013) Recent Policy https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mo6nPoH48YI
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  Tourism Impact onEconomy 716 731 763 792 816 1059 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 NUMBERS OF ARRIVALS IN THOUSANDS (1000) Tourist arrivals in Myanmar (2007-2012) Source: Myanmar Ministry of Hotel and Tourism. Tourism Statistics Report (2007-2012).
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  What is Eco-tourism? Ecotourism “is environmentally responsible travel and visitation to relatively undisturbed natural areas, in order to enjoy and appreciate nature (and any accompanying cultural features – both past and present) that promotes conservation, has low negative visitor impact, and provides for beneficially active socioeconomic involvement of local populations” (World Conservation Union). > Nature-based destinations Learning-focused interaction between the tourist and natural attraction > > Environment, social-cultural sustainability
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  Myanmar’s Ecotourism Destination Wildlife National Parks and Sanctuaries • Alungdaw Kathapa National Park – jungle trekking and elephant riding • Hlawaga National Park – bird watching • Popa Mountain Park – extinct volcano with monkeys • Lampi Island (Mergui Archipelago) – diving and other marine based activities • Sein-Ye Forest Camp (Bago Yoma) – experience in witnessing the logging methods and the utilization of elephants • Chatthin Wildlife Sanctuary (Shwe Bo) • National Botanical Gardens • Moneyingyi Wetland Wildlife Sanctuary • Kakaborazi National Park, Myaing Hay Wun Elephant Camp • Indawgyi Lake Wildlife Sanctuary • Nat Ma Taung National Park • Meinmahla Kyun Wildlife Sanctuary • Yangon Zoo logical Gardens.
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  National Kandawgyi Gardens
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  Bird watching inMOEYUNGYI WETLANDS
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  Myanmar’s Ecotourism inAction Protecting Biodiversity, Ecosystem and Environment The threat of animal poaching high rate of deforestation
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  Myanmar’s Ecotourism inAction Protecting Biodiversity, Ecosystem and Environment • Protected Area System – PAS • Legislations • Elephant Preservation Act • Forest Law • Forest Policy • Rules relating to the Protection of Wildlife and Conservation of Natural Areas
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  Myanmar’s Ecotourism inAction • Government intends to open up more restricted areas in the country to tourists in order to help to attract more visitors Access to Restricted Areas Chin State resident
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  Myanmar’s Ecotourism inAction Ecolodges Myanmar Andaman Resort
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  Myanmar’s Ecotourism inAction Ecolodges Mount Oasis Resort
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  Myanmar’s Ecotourism inAction Tour-operators Some examples: > Supreme Services Team (SST) Tourism > Woodlands Travel
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  Ecotourism in Myanmar Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats
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  Myanmar’s Future EcotourismChallenges • Crony involvement in tourism – land conflict, etc. • Local community empowerment • Area, biodiversity and environment protection • Poor chances for small ecotourism enterprises • Lack of training programs for language skills and capacity management • lack of skilled labor and professionals • Human rights issues (forced labor, child labor, woman empowerment, etc.) • Weakness ecotourism knowledge awareness https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UftUJ0Mw9eQ
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  References Hausler, N.,Munz, A., Westarp, L., Daw Khin Than Win, U Kyi Thein Ko. (September 27, 2012). Government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar Ministry of Hotels & Tourism Responsible Tourism Policy. Retrieved from http://www.burma-center. org/en/publications/documents/item/344-myanmar-responsible-tourism-policy/ (June 5, 2013). Myanmar Unveils $500 Million Tourism Plan. Asian Development Bank (ADB). Retrieved from http://www.adb.org/news/myanmar-unveils-500-million-tourism-plan (February 22, 2013). Investing in Myanmar’s Tourism Industry. Retrieved from http://www.investinmyanmar.com/investing-in-myanmars- tourism-industry/ (May 23, 2011). Eco-Tourism. Ministry of Hotels and Tourism. MyanmarTourism.org. Tourism in Burma. Tourism Transparency. Retrieved from http://www.tourismtransparency.org/news-and-reports/tourism-burma Kay Leigh Long. (June 6, 2013). Myanmar reveals tourism Master Plan. Myanmar Times. Retrieved from http://www.mmtimes.com/index.php/national-news/7018-myanmar-reveals-tourism-master-plan.html Sonenshine, T. (August 17, 2013). Myanmar Opening to Tourism, Investment – and Reform? National Geographic Daily News. Retrieved from http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/08/130817-myanmar-burma-tourism-democracy-culture/ (May 11, 2012). Myanmar set to rejoin UNWTO. World Tourism Organization UNWTO. Retrieved from http://media.unwto.org/en/press-release/2012-05-11/myanmar-set-rejoin-unwto
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  References U HtayAung. (June 2013). Myanmar Tourism Master Plan | 2013-2020 (Final Draft Report). Ministry of Hotels and Tourism, The Republic of the Union of Myanmar. Retrieved from http://www.harrison-institute.org/Myanmar%20Tourism%20Master%20Plan%202013- 2020.pdf World Travel and Tourism Council (2013). Travel and Tourism Economic Impact 2013. Myanmar. London Asian Development Bank (2005). Tourism Strategy Final Report (TA 6179-REG). Annex 3 Technical Notes and Tables. Manila Wall, W. & Aung, L. S. A Feasibility Study Setting Up Ecotourism Business in Myanmar. Master of Business Administration in Management. School of Management. Shinawatra University. Bangkok, Thailand. Ceballos-Lascurain, H. (1996). Tourism, Ecotourism and Protected Areas. Gland: IUCN Publication. The International Ecotourism Society (TIES) (1990; 2006). Fact Sheet: Global Ecotourism. Retrieved from http://www.box.net/shared/static/eaukonjc0a.pdf Bushell, R. (2001). The Place of Ecotourism, With Particular Reference to Australia, Sydney: School of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Campus. Ministry of Hotels and Tourism. Tourism Development Report 2012: Speech delivered from the Union Minister for the Ministry of Hotels and Tourism and for Sports, meeting with the Singaporean Business Delegation. Nay Pyi Taw: Ministry of Government Press, 2012.
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  Thank You! AnyQuestions? Presentation by Daniel M. Pliske Sales & Marketing, Access China Tours Master of Tourism Management (MTM) Graduate Warner College of Natural Resources (WCNR) Colorado State University (CSU) Fort Collins, Colorado, USA PowerPoint by: Wen Zhao