Object Oriented Analysis and design.
Object oriented technology is based on four building blocks:
1- Modularity
2- Hierarchy
3- Abstraction
4- Encapsulation
Data warehouse systems adopt a multidimensional data model tackling the challenges of the online analytical processing (OLAP).
Standard data warehouse systems do not provide methodological guidelines for managing heterogeneous dimensions.
In relational OLAP systems, multidimensional views of data, or data cubes, are structured using a star or a snowflake schema consisting of fact tables and dimension hierarchies.
The document discusses UML class diagrams and the different elements that can be depicted in them, including classes, attributes, operations, relationships between classes like associations, aggregations, compositions, and inheritance. It provides examples to illustrate concepts like class types, attributes, multiplicity, group characteristics like overlapping/disjoint and complete/incomplete, and how these elements come together in a class diagram to model a domain or problem space.
The document describes the key elements of a class diagram in UML including classes, attributes, operations, and relationships. A class represents a set of objects with shared characteristics like attributes and behaviors. Common relationships shown are association, aggregation, and generalization. An example class diagram for a Bank Account class is provided to illustrate these concepts.
Object-oriented databases were developed to better support complex data types and object-oriented programming. The key aspects of the object-oriented data model include:
1) Objects that encapsulate both data and methods, and are grouped into classes with common properties. Classes can be organized into inheritance hierarchies.
2) Objects are uniquely identified and can reference other objects. Complex data types like addresses can be modeled using object containment hierarchies.
3) Databases following this model support persistence of objects and queries using object-oriented languages that allow accessing and updating object properties through messages.
This document provides an introduction to object-oriented programming (OOP). It defines OOP as a programming paradigm based on objects that contain both data fields and methods. The main benefits of OOP are listed as increased reusability, maintainability, and ability to manage complex systems. The document then describes the four main concepts in OOP - abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism - and provides brief explanations of each concept.
This document discusses inheritance and polymorphism in Scala programming. It defines inheritance as deriving classes from existing classes and describes different types of inheritance like single, multiple, multilevel, hierarchical, and hybrid inheritance. It also discusses the difference between inheritance and composition. The document then defines polymorphism and describes different types like parametric, subtype, and ad-hoc polymorphism. It provides examples to illustrate single inheritance, multiple inheritance, multilevel inheritance, and subtype polymorphism in Scala.
Data warehouse systems adopt a multidimensional data model tackling the challenges of the online analytical processing (OLAP).
Standard data warehouse systems do not provide methodological guidelines for managing heterogeneous dimensions.
In relational OLAP systems, multidimensional views of data, or data cubes, are structured using a star or a snowflake schema consisting of fact tables and dimension hierarchies.
The document discusses UML class diagrams and the different elements that can be depicted in them, including classes, attributes, operations, relationships between classes like associations, aggregations, compositions, and inheritance. It provides examples to illustrate concepts like class types, attributes, multiplicity, group characteristics like overlapping/disjoint and complete/incomplete, and how these elements come together in a class diagram to model a domain or problem space.
The document describes the key elements of a class diagram in UML including classes, attributes, operations, and relationships. A class represents a set of objects with shared characteristics like attributes and behaviors. Common relationships shown are association, aggregation, and generalization. An example class diagram for a Bank Account class is provided to illustrate these concepts.
Object-oriented databases were developed to better support complex data types and object-oriented programming. The key aspects of the object-oriented data model include:
1) Objects that encapsulate both data and methods, and are grouped into classes with common properties. Classes can be organized into inheritance hierarchies.
2) Objects are uniquely identified and can reference other objects. Complex data types like addresses can be modeled using object containment hierarchies.
3) Databases following this model support persistence of objects and queries using object-oriented languages that allow accessing and updating object properties through messages.
This document provides an introduction to object-oriented programming (OOP). It defines OOP as a programming paradigm based on objects that contain both data fields and methods. The main benefits of OOP are listed as increased reusability, maintainability, and ability to manage complex systems. The document then describes the four main concepts in OOP - abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism - and provides brief explanations of each concept.
This document discusses inheritance and polymorphism in Scala programming. It defines inheritance as deriving classes from existing classes and describes different types of inheritance like single, multiple, multilevel, hierarchical, and hybrid inheritance. It also discusses the difference between inheritance and composition. The document then defines polymorphism and describes different types like parametric, subtype, and ad-hoc polymorphism. It provides examples to illustrate single inheritance, multiple inheritance, multilevel inheritance, and subtype polymorphism in Scala.
The document provides an overview of object-oriented programming (OOP) fundamentals in .NET, including definitions and examples of key OOP concepts like objects, classes, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and design patterns. It discusses how objects are instances of classes, and how classes define attributes and behaviors. The document also covers class relationships like association and aggregation, and distinguishes between abstract classes and interfaces.
The document discusses key concepts in object-oriented software engineering including objects, classes, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction. It provides examples and definitions for each concept to illustrate how they are applied in object-oriented programming.
Object-oriented programming uses objects that contain data fields and methods to design applications. Key concepts include abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. A class defines shared attributes and behaviors that enable instances of that class to maintain state and behavior. An object is a runtime instance of a class that represents some entity like a person or place. Data encapsulation wraps data and code together, controlling access through public, private, and protected keywords. Inheritance allows classes to inherit attributes and behaviors from other classes in a hierarchy.
Object-oriented programming uses objects that contain data fields and methods to design applications. Key concepts include abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. A class defines shared attributes and behaviors that enable instances of that class to maintain state and behavior. An object is a runtime instance of a class that represents some entity like a person or place. Data encapsulation wraps data and code together, controlling access through public, private, and protected keywords. Inheritance allows classes to inherit attributes and behaviors from superclasses to create class hierarchies.
This document discusses key concepts in object-oriented programming including abstraction, encapsulation, classes, objects, inheritance, and polymorphism. It provides examples and definitions for basic terms like class, object, attribute, operation, and interface. The document also explains relationships like association, aggregation, generalization and how they are used to model real-world entities in an object-oriented system.
This document discusses advance object-oriented programming concepts. It covers procedural programming vs object-oriented programming, features of OOP like classes, objects, inheritance and polymorphism. It also discusses OOP design principles like single responsibility, open-closed, Liskov substitution, dependency inversion and interface segregation principles. Examples are provided to explain concepts like inheritance, polymorphism, abstraction and interfaces. The document provides a comprehensive overview of key OOP concepts and design principles.
Object Oriented Programming For Engineering Students as well as for B.Tech -IT. Covers Almost All From The Basics.
For more:
Google Search:: Prabhaharan Ellaiyan
Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm that designs applications around objects that contain both data and behaviors. Key concepts of OOP include data abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and messaging. Many modern programming languages support OOP through features like classes, which provide a blueprint for creating object instances that can maintain state through data fields and behavior through methods.
Object-oriented programming (OOP) uses objects that contain data and methods. The four pillars of OOP are abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. Abstraction hides unnecessary details, encapsulation shields an object's internal implementation, inheritance allows classes to inherit attributes from superclasses, and polymorphism enables different processing depending on an object's type. Classes define objects through attributes like fields and behaviors like methods. Objects are class instances created in memory. Java controls access through private, public, default, and protected types.
The document discusses the Unified Modeling Language (UML) which is a general-purpose modeling language used to visualize, specify, construct, and document software systems. UML uses graphical notation to represent the design of software projects including concepts like use case diagrams, class diagrams, sequence diagrams, and more. It provides a standard way to visualize a system from different perspectives including structural and behavioral views.
Object-oriented programming (OOP) involves splitting a program into objects that contain both data and functions. OOP allows developers to define objects, their properties, and relationships. Classes are blueprints that define objects and don't use memory, while objects are instances of classes that hold both data and methods. Key concepts of OOP include inheritance, abstraction, polymorphism, and encapsulation.
This document discusses inheritance in C++. It explains single inheritance where a derived class inherits from one base class. The derived class inherits all public and protected members of the base class. Constructors are called from base to derived, with the base class constructor called first to initialize its members before the derived constructor body. Initialization lists can explicitly call base class constructors and pass arguments. Member hiding occurs when derived classes define members of the same name as base classes.
This document discusses various UML diagrams including class diagrams, domain models, associations, attributes, and sequence diagrams. It provides guidance on how to draw class diagrams from different perspectives (conceptual, specification, implementation). It also covers how to create domain models by finding conceptual classes, description classes, and relationships. Sequence diagrams and their relationship to use cases is explained, specifically how system sequence diagrams show the system events for a use case scenario.
This is a presentation I did for the Cedar Rapids .NET User Group (CRineta.org). It was intended to present object oriented concepts and their application in .NET and C#.
This document discusses the key concepts of object-oriented programming including classes, inheritance, abstraction, encapsulation, and polymorphism. It defines a class as a blueprint that is used to create individual objects that share common properties. Inheritance allows a child class to inherit attributes from a parent class. Abstraction hides background details and shows only relevant information. Encapsulation wraps data and code into a single module. Polymorphism allows functions to have the same name but different signatures or arguments.
Object oriented programming concepts such as abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance and polymorphism are supported in .NET languages like C# and Visual Basic. Encapsulation groups related properties and methods into a single object. Inheritance allows new classes to be created from an existing class. Polymorphism allows multiple classes to be used interchangeably even if they implement properties or methods differently.
Interfaces allow for separation of concerns and evolution of a system over time without disrupting existing structures. They specify a service that a class or component provides without implementing any structure or behavior. Common modeling techniques for interfaces include identifying seams between components, modeling static and dynamic types, using packages to group logically related elements, and creating architectural views to visualize different aspects of a system.
The objective is to explain how a software design may be represented as a set of interacting objects that manage their own state and operations and to introduce various models that describe an object-oriented design.
This document introduces object-oriented design concepts. It discusses how software design can be represented using interacting objects that manage their own state and operations. Various models for describing object-oriented design are introduced, including class diagrams, sequence diagrams, and state machine diagrams. Design patterns are also introduced as a way to reuse knowledge about solving common design problems.
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The document provides an overview of object-oriented programming (OOP) fundamentals in .NET, including definitions and examples of key OOP concepts like objects, classes, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and design patterns. It discusses how objects are instances of classes, and how classes define attributes and behaviors. The document also covers class relationships like association and aggregation, and distinguishes between abstract classes and interfaces.
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Object-oriented programming uses objects that contain data fields and methods to design applications. Key concepts include abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. A class defines shared attributes and behaviors that enable instances of that class to maintain state and behavior. An object is a runtime instance of a class that represents some entity like a person or place. Data encapsulation wraps data and code together, controlling access through public, private, and protected keywords. Inheritance allows classes to inherit attributes and behaviors from other classes in a hierarchy.
Object-oriented programming uses objects that contain data fields and methods to design applications. Key concepts include abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. A class defines shared attributes and behaviors that enable instances of that class to maintain state and behavior. An object is a runtime instance of a class that represents some entity like a person or place. Data encapsulation wraps data and code together, controlling access through public, private, and protected keywords. Inheritance allows classes to inherit attributes and behaviors from superclasses to create class hierarchies.
This document discusses key concepts in object-oriented programming including abstraction, encapsulation, classes, objects, inheritance, and polymorphism. It provides examples and definitions for basic terms like class, object, attribute, operation, and interface. The document also explains relationships like association, aggregation, generalization and how they are used to model real-world entities in an object-oriented system.
This document discusses advance object-oriented programming concepts. It covers procedural programming vs object-oriented programming, features of OOP like classes, objects, inheritance and polymorphism. It also discusses OOP design principles like single responsibility, open-closed, Liskov substitution, dependency inversion and interface segregation principles. Examples are provided to explain concepts like inheritance, polymorphism, abstraction and interfaces. The document provides a comprehensive overview of key OOP concepts and design principles.
Object Oriented Programming For Engineering Students as well as for B.Tech -IT. Covers Almost All From The Basics.
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Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm that designs applications around objects that contain both data and behaviors. Key concepts of OOP include data abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and messaging. Many modern programming languages support OOP through features like classes, which provide a blueprint for creating object instances that can maintain state through data fields and behavior through methods.
Object-oriented programming (OOP) uses objects that contain data and methods. The four pillars of OOP are abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. Abstraction hides unnecessary details, encapsulation shields an object's internal implementation, inheritance allows classes to inherit attributes from superclasses, and polymorphism enables different processing depending on an object's type. Classes define objects through attributes like fields and behaviors like methods. Objects are class instances created in memory. Java controls access through private, public, default, and protected types.
The document discusses the Unified Modeling Language (UML) which is a general-purpose modeling language used to visualize, specify, construct, and document software systems. UML uses graphical notation to represent the design of software projects including concepts like use case diagrams, class diagrams, sequence diagrams, and more. It provides a standard way to visualize a system from different perspectives including structural and behavioral views.
Object-oriented programming (OOP) involves splitting a program into objects that contain both data and functions. OOP allows developers to define objects, their properties, and relationships. Classes are blueprints that define objects and don't use memory, while objects are instances of classes that hold both data and methods. Key concepts of OOP include inheritance, abstraction, polymorphism, and encapsulation.
This document discusses inheritance in C++. It explains single inheritance where a derived class inherits from one base class. The derived class inherits all public and protected members of the base class. Constructors are called from base to derived, with the base class constructor called first to initialize its members before the derived constructor body. Initialization lists can explicitly call base class constructors and pass arguments. Member hiding occurs when derived classes define members of the same name as base classes.
This document discusses various UML diagrams including class diagrams, domain models, associations, attributes, and sequence diagrams. It provides guidance on how to draw class diagrams from different perspectives (conceptual, specification, implementation). It also covers how to create domain models by finding conceptual classes, description classes, and relationships. Sequence diagrams and their relationship to use cases is explained, specifically how system sequence diagrams show the system events for a use case scenario.
This is a presentation I did for the Cedar Rapids .NET User Group (CRineta.org). It was intended to present object oriented concepts and their application in .NET and C#.
This document discusses the key concepts of object-oriented programming including classes, inheritance, abstraction, encapsulation, and polymorphism. It defines a class as a blueprint that is used to create individual objects that share common properties. Inheritance allows a child class to inherit attributes from a parent class. Abstraction hides background details and shows only relevant information. Encapsulation wraps data and code into a single module. Polymorphism allows functions to have the same name but different signatures or arguments.
Object oriented programming concepts such as abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance and polymorphism are supported in .NET languages like C# and Visual Basic. Encapsulation groups related properties and methods into a single object. Inheritance allows new classes to be created from an existing class. Polymorphism allows multiple classes to be used interchangeably even if they implement properties or methods differently.
Interfaces allow for separation of concerns and evolution of a system over time without disrupting existing structures. They specify a service that a class or component provides without implementing any structure or behavior. Common modeling techniques for interfaces include identifying seams between components, modeling static and dynamic types, using packages to group logically related elements, and creating architectural views to visualize different aspects of a system.
The objective is to explain how a software design may be represented as a set of interacting objects that manage their own state and operations and to introduce various models that describe an object-oriented design.
This document introduces object-oriented design concepts. It discusses how software design can be represented using interacting objects that manage their own state and operations. Various models for describing object-oriented design are introduced, including class diagrams, sequence diagrams, and state machine diagrams. Design patterns are also introduced as a way to reuse knowledge about solving common design problems.
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3. Abstraction
Abstraction is selecting data from a larger pool to show
only the relevant details of the object to the user.
Shows only the essential attributes
Hides unnecessary information.
reduce programming complexity and effort.
6. Modularity
Modularity means breaking up something complex into
manageable units.
Modularity helps you to understand the complex systems.
Diagram:
7. Hierarchy
“IS–A” hierarchy −
It defines the hierarchical relationship in inheritance,
whereby from a super-class, a number of subclasses may
be derived which may again have subclasses and so on.
For example, if we derive a class Rose from a class Flower,
we can say that a rose “is–a” flower