BSS JV FIRE WARDEN TRAINING.pptx

1. KING SALMAN AIR BASE PROJECT
FOCUS FOUR – CAUGHT-IN OR –
BETWEEN HAZARDS

2. Cell phone

3.  This training covers the hazards describe in the
construction Focus four series. It was develop to
help educate the workers in the construction
industry about understanding the hazards they
face and knowing what their employer’s
responsibility to protect workers from
workplace hazards. This is for you to be able to
identify common caught-in or – between
hazards, describe types of caught-in or-between
hazards, and how to protect yourselves; and
also to recognize employer requirement to
protect workers from caught-in or-between
hazards.
BSS JV RNH
INTRODUCTION

4. BSS JV RNH
WHAT ARE CAUGTH-IN OR- BETWEEN
HAZARDS?
Injuries resulting from a person being squeezed, caught, crushed, pinched, or
compressed between two or more objects, or between parts of an object. This
includes individuals who get caught or crushed in operating equipment, between
other mashing objects, between a moving and stationary object, or between two
or more moving objects.
Key factor in making a determination of a CAUGHT event and STRUCT event is
whether the impact of the object alone caused the injury.
- When the impact alone creates the injury the event should be recorded as
STRUCK…
- When the injury is created more as a result of crushing injuries between objects,
the event should be recorded as CAUGHT…

5. BSS JV RNH
 EVENTS THAT SHOULD BE CLASSIFIED AS CAUGHT –IN OR-BETWEEN
INCLUDE:
- cave-in (trenching)
- Being pulled or caught in machinery and equipment (this includes
strangulation as a result of clothing caught in running machinery and
equipment)
- Being compressed or crushed between rolling, sliding, or shifting objects
such as semi-trailers and a dock wall, or between a truck frame and a
hydraulic bed that is lowering

6. BSS JV RNH
TYPES OF CAUGHT –IN OR – BETWEEN HAZARDS=
 Machinery which has unguarded moving parts or is not locked out during
maintenance;
 Unprotected excavation and trenches
 Heavy equipment that tip over
 Working between moving materials and immovable structures, vehicles, or
equipment

7. BSS JV RNH
MACHINERY WITH UNGUARDED MOVING
PARTS:
Almost all sites use machinery that has moving or rotating parts or that
requires maintenance or repair at some point during construction. If the
machinery is not properly guarded or de-energized during maintenance or
repair, injuries from caught-in or-between hazards may result, ranging from
amputations and fractures to death. When machines or power tools are not
properly guarded, workers can get their clothing or parts of their body caught
in the machines, If machines are not de-energized (lock-out) when they are
being repaired, they may cycle or other wise start up and catch a worker’s
body part or clothing and cause injury or death.

8. BSS JV RNH
IDENTIFY THE HAZARDS ON THE PHOTOS
BELOW:

9. BSS JV RNH
HAZARDS BEING IDENTIFIED:

10. BSS JV RNH
BURRIED-IN OR BY:
Major hazards:
 The major hazards related to buried-in or by is
CAVE-INS of unprotected trenches and
excavations. Cave-ins crush or suffocate the
workers;
 Workers may also get injured or killed by buried-
in or by accidents in the following situation:
- working in silos filled with grain
- Working under suspended load,
- Working under constructions or demolition.

11. BSS JV RNH
IDENTIFYING HAZARDS:

12. BSS JV RNH
IDENTIFYING HAZARDS:

13. BSS JV RNH
PINNED BETWEEN:
Major hazards;
Workers can be pinned between equipment and a solid
object, such as a wall or another piece of equipment, between
materials being stacked or stored and a solid object, such as a
wall or another piece of equipment; or between shoring and
construction materials in trench. These type of hazards can
result in multiple broken bones, asphyxiation or death.

14. BSS JV RNH
IDENTIFYING HAZARD:

15. BSS JV RNH
IDENTIFYING HAZARD:

16. BSS JV RNH
IDENTIFYING HAZARD:
Description of the incident:
 The contractor was operating a back hoe when an employee
attempted to walk between the swinging superstructure of the
back hoe and a concrete wall. As the employee approached the
back hoe from the operator’s blind side, the superstructure hit the
victim crushing him against the wall.

17. BSS JV RNH
PROTECTIVE MEASURES:
 The employer is required to perform a number of actions to protect
workers from caught-in or-between hazards;
- Provided guards on power tools and other equipment with moving
parts.
- Support, secure or otherwise make safe equipment having parts that
workers could be caught between.
- Take measures to prevent workers from being crushed by heavy
equipment that tips over.

18. BSS JV RNH
PROTECTIVE MEASURES:
- Take measures to prevent workers from being pinned between
equipment and solid object.
- Provide protection for workers during trenching and excavation
work,
- Provide means to avoid the collapse of structure scaffold
- Provide means to avoid workers being crushed by collapsing walls
during demolition or other construction activities,
- Designate competent person / provide training for workers.

19. BSS JV RNH
USE PROPERLY GUARDED MACHINERY
 Moving machine parts have the potential to cause
severe workplace injuries, such as crushed fingers or
hands, amputation, burns or blindness. Any machine
part, functions or process that may cause injury must be
safeguarded.

20. BSS JV RNH
HAZARDOUS MOTIONS AND ACTIONS:
 Different types of hazardous mechanical motions and actions
in varying combinations are required to automate tools,
equipment, and machinery. Recognizing the hazards they
present is the first step towards protecting workers from the
danger these motions and actions present. There are three
basic motions and associated actions that can injure workers
when exposed:

21. BSS JV RNH
THREE BASIC MOTIONS:
1. ROTATING – a circular motion around an
axis or center such as a rotating shaft.
2. RECIPROCATING – a push and pull
motion common to saw.
3. TRANSVERSING – a continuous straight-
line movement typical of moving belts.

22. BSS JV RNH
BASIC ACTIONS:
1. CUTTING – a cutting action may involve rotating, reciprocating or
transverse motion at the point of operation (circular saw, band saws,
drills, etc.).
2. PUNCHING – punching action results when power is applied to a
slide (ram) for the purpose of blanking, drawing or stamping metals
or other materials.
3. SHEARING – shearing action involves applying power to a slide or
knife in order to trim or shear metal or other materials.
4. BENDING – actions results when power is applied to a slide in order
to draw or stamp metal or other materials.

23. BSS JV RNH
MACHINE SAFEGUARDING:
1. Belts 6. Spindles
2. Gear 7. Drums
3. Shafts 8. flywheels
4. Pulley’s 9. Chains
5. Sprocket's

24. EXCAVATION WORK PROCESS

25. BSS JV RNH
EXCAVATION SITES:
Trenching and excavations require a
designated competent person to inspect the
trenching operation:
Workers must be protected from equipment
or materials that could fall or roll into
excavation; This could include spoils that
could fall into the trench and bury the
workers;
Mobile equipment used near or over an
excavation presents hazard.

26. BSS JV RNH
EXCAVATION SITES:
A warning system must be used (such as
barricade, hand or mechanical signals, or stop
logs) when mobile equipment is;
- operated near to an excavation
- Is required to approached the edge of an
excavation, and
- The operator does not have a clear and
direct view of the edge of the excavation. If
possible the grade should be away from the
excavation.

27. BSS JV RNH
TO PROTECT YOURSELF FROM AN
EXCAVATION SITE YOU MUST NOT:
Work in a trench if a crane or earthmoving
equipment is operating directly over the top of
the trench;
Work in an unprotected trench five feet deep or
more
Enter or exit a trench or excavation using a
ladder, stairway, or properly designed ramp that
is placed within the protected area of the
trench, or
Not to work outside of the confines of the
protection system

28. BSS JV RNH
TYPES OF PROTECTION WORKING IN
TRECNHES 5-20 FEET DEEP:
SLOPING OR BENCHING – is cutting back
the sides of the trench to a safe angle so it
wont collapse. Benching uses a series of
steps that approximate the safe sloping
angle. The angle always depends on the soil
type.
TRENCH BOX OR SHIELD – these do not
prevents cave-ins but protect the workers
who are in them if a cave-in happens.
SHORING – are wooden structures or
mechanical or hydraulic system that support
the sides of an excavation.

29. BSS JV RNH
SIMPLE SLOPE EXCAVATIONS 20 FEET (6.11M)
OR LESS DEEP SHOULD HAVE ALLOWABE
SLOPE OF 1-1 / 2:1
- A slope of this gradation or less
is safe for any type of soil

30. BSS JV RNH
HYDRAULIC SHORING TYPE
excavation and trenches five feet deep or more, but
less than 20 feet are protected by sloping or
benching, trench box or shield, or shoring.
There must also be adequate means of access and
egress from the excavation. If an excavation is more
than 20 ft. deep, a professional engineer must design
the system to protect the workers.

31. BSS JV RNH
YOU CAN'T
PREDICT ... BUT YOU
CAN PREPARE