BSEF 2013 macroeconomy Oleg Ustenko
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The document discusses economic challenges facing countries in the Black Sea region. Export-led growth has been unimpressive due to weaknesses in the Eurozone and Russia. Tighter access to external borrowing is limiting investment and consumer spending growth. A shift to investment-based growth is also not occurring due to a poor investment climate, especially in Russia and Ukraine. Higher private domestic and foreign investment is needed in key sectors to unlock new sources of economic growth.
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This document discusses trends in India's horticulture sector from 1990 to 2005. It finds that the area dedicated to horticulture crops in India increased significantly over this period, with fruits seeing a 28.75% rise and vegetables a 16% increase. Production of fruits and vegetables also grew substantially. The export of horticultural commodities such as mangoes, bananas and onions expanded greatly in both quantity and value. The document concludes that horticulture is important for nutrition and India has prioritized its development since the 1990s due to the largely vegetarian population.
Intro to horticulture
The document introduces horticulture and identifies the basic parts of a plant. It defines horticulture as the art of cultivating fruits, nuts, vegetables, or ornamental plants. It also explains that horticulture includes floriculture, pomology, olericulture, and agronomy. The basic parts of a plant identified are the stem, leaves, roots, petals, nodes, internodes, petioles, and leaf margins.
Horticulture
This document provides an overview of horticulture. It defines horticulture as a branch of agriculture that specializes in fruits, vegetables, flowers, and ornamental plants. It discusses the origins and history of horticulture dating back thousands of years. It also outlines different branches, types, principles, and features of horticulture.
Horticulture related Developmental programmes
The document discusses various horticulture schemes run by the central and state governments of India. The key schemes discussed are the National Horticultural Mission (NHM), the Micro Irrigation Scheme, and schemes run by the National Horticulture Board. NHM aims to promote holistic growth of horticulture through increasing production, establishing synergies between programs, and generating employment. It provides assistance for activities like nursery development, vegetable seed production, orchard establishment, and post-harvest infrastructure creation. The Micro Irrigation Scheme provides subsidies for drip and sprinkler irrigation systems.
Horticulture
The document discusses different areas and tools used in horticulture. It describes the key areas of horticulture including arboriculture, floriculture, landscape horticulture, olericulture, fruticulture, and viticulture. It then discusses different tools used in horticulture for tasks like land preparation, propagation, pruning, harvesting, and fertilizer spreading. These include hand tools, power tillers, rototillers, mini-tillers, hoes, pruning shears, hedge trimmers, lawn mowers, and fertilizer spreaders.
Horticulture
This document provides information on various garden features and adornments. It discusses different types of gardens such as flower, rock, water, and roof gardens. It also describes common garden structures like walls, fences, paths, hedges, arches, and pergolas. Additionally, it lists several ornamental elements that can be included in gardens such as garden seats, sundials, bird baths, fountains, and statues. The purpose is to beautify the garden and make it more aesthetically pleasing.
Types of gardens
The document discusses different types of historic gardens from around the world including Egyptian, Greek/Roman, Mughal, and Persian gardens. Egyptian gardens featured trees like sycamores and date palms grown in rows, as well as ponds and flowers. Greek gardens were mainly utilitarian while Roman gardens were more decorative, featuring statues and a variety of flowers. Persian gardens originated as oases with cross-shaped water channels and were influential on Mughal gardens, which combined Islamic and Indian influences and featured rectilinear layouts, fountains, and pools within walled enclosures.
Agriculture in India
About 75% people are living in rural areas and are still dependent on Agriculture.
About 43% of India’s geographical area is used for agricultural activity.
Agriculture continues to play a major role in Indian Economy.
Provides food to more than 1 billion people
Produces 51 major crops
Contributes to 1/6th of the Export Earnings
Agriculture in indian economy- Vishnu pujari
This document provides an overview of agriculture in the Indian economy. It discusses how agriculture provides livelihood for 70% of the population and is an important source of raw materials. It describes India's favorable geographic conditions for agriculture and the country's efforts to increase production through technology. The document then summarizes the main types of farming in India and the salient features of Indian agriculture, including its role in the economy. It outlines major crops grown in India and concludes by identifying the major challenges facing Indian agriculture, such as stagnating crop production, high input costs, soil exhaustion, water depletion, climate change impacts, and ensuring food security.
Agriculture PPT
1. Agriculture involves growing crops, fruits, and vegetables to earn a livelihood. The land used for growing crops is called arable land, and important inputs include seeds, fertilizers, machinery, and labor.
2. There are different types of farming including subsistence farming, which is done to meet the family's needs using low technology and household labor on small plots. Subsistence farming can be intensive or primitive.
3. Other types are shifting cultivation practiced in forested areas, nomadic herding in dry regions, and commercial farming including grain, mixed, and plantation agriculture. Major crops grown globally include rice, wheat, and cotton to meet population demands.
agriculture ( ppt made by akshit.manhas)
i am only 11 years old i study in class 6th b in army public school kandrori this slide is made on agiculture
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DEREGULATION IN UKRAINE
EasyBusiness expresses gratitude to international organizations for their support in 2015. The annual report discusses Ukraine's poor economic conditions, including high inflation, large foreign debt, and declining GDP. Deregulation is presented as the key to improving business conditions and stimulating economic growth by reducing bureaucracy and excessive regulation. International ratings place Ukraine low on ease of doing business and economic freedom. The report aims to increase transparency around EasyBusiness' deregulation initiatives and reform efforts.
Improving investment climate in Ukraine. Attracting new investments to Crimea...
This document discusses opportunities for improving investment in Ukraine and Crimea. It notes that Ukraine struggles to reach its economic potential due to regulatory burdens, corruption, lack of government accountability, and macroeconomic vulnerabilities. However, there are opportunities in agriculture, tourism, energy, and Crimea if these issues are addressed. Improving the investment climate in Ukraine by reducing corruption and bureaucracy could help attract more foreign investment.
Foreign Direct Investments into Ukraine
Foreign direct investment as one of the main vehicles of development and globalization in the
World economy is a complex phenomenon.
Most common definition used in the modern economic theory states that Foreign Direct
Investment (FDI) – “is acquisition of at least ten percent of the ordinary shares or voting power
in a public or private enterprise by nonresident investors. Direct investment involves a lasting
interest in the management of an enterprise and includes reinvestment of profits.”1
It is important to understand that FDI is not just the flow of capital between economies but also
a flow of technologies, management practices and established customer/supplier bases.
Usually FDI has a spillover effect for the host economy when management practices and
technologies are propagated from the initial target company to other companies in the region.
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FDI is crucial for Developing and Transition economies not just because they suffer from the
lack of capital but because they don’t have access to new technologies and their managerial
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Different countries have achieved different results in their ability to attract FDI. In order to
analyze reasons driving country specific performance it is important to look at the following
issues:
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This framework is used to analyze Ukraine’s competitive positioning to attract foreign direct
investment.
Item 0d_Special Session on Ukraine_Impact_Amelie Schurich_OECD.pdf
The document summarizes two OECD reports that assessed the economic impact of Russia's invasion of Ukraine on Eastern Europe and Central Asia. It finds that these regions face high dependence on Russia for energy, wheat imports, remittances, and investments. While inflation has surged and growth prospects are uncertain, some countries have benefited from influxes of people and money from Russia. However, long-term challenges remain from disrupted trade routes, rising debt costs, and slowing growth among major trading partners. The OECD recommends countries pursue reforms, green investments, trade diversification, and targeted fiscal support to mitigate impacts.
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2) Inflation has declined significantly since the 2000s but unemployment has not improved correspondingly.
3) Exports and imports remain dependent on oil/gas and domestic demand respectively. Weakening global growth and Russia's reliance on exports pose risks to economic growth.
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Draft Resolution of the Rada on Anti-crisis Economic Development Plan
DRAFT RESOLUTION registered under No. 6346 of April 12, 2017
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The document provides an overview of the Ukrainian pharmaceutical market indicators for December 2017. Key points include:
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The document discusses Africa's economic growth and challenges before and during the global crisis. Before the crisis, Africa saw sustained growth averaging 4% annually in 22 non-oil countries from 1998-2008, due to higher commodity prices, increased aid and capital flows, and improved policies. However, Africa was still hit hard by the crisis through declines in private capital, remittances, tourism, and commodity prices. This caused growth to decline and increased poverty, reversing a decade of progress. The document outlines Africa's medium-term challenges of infrastructure deficits, competitiveness, youth unemployment, and climate change risks to agriculture.
WTO Seminar
This presentation is part of a blog post featured in the blog Africa Can located here:
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Trends of the Russian Federation Economic Development
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The Russian economy underwent major changes after the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991. It shifted from a centrally planned economy to a market economy, implementing shock therapy reforms in the 1990s. However, this led to hyperinflation and a financial crisis in 1998. Under Putin from 2000-2008, the economy grew significantly at an average of 7% per year due to higher oil prices. However, the economy remains dependent on oil and gas exports. A global economic downturn in 2008-2009 caused GDP to contract as oil prices dropped.
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The document summarizes discussions from a conference on the financial sector in Kazakhstan. It includes summaries of addresses given by the Prime Minister of Kazakhstan, Mayor of Almaty, UK Prime Minister's Trade Envoy to Kazakhstan, and a Deputy Division Chief from the IMF. The IMF official presented on Kazakhstan's economic developments, outlook, and risks. He noted solid growth supported by rising oil prices, but recent deceleration. He outlined risks including slower emerging market growth and geopolitical tensions. The document also provides an outline of the IMF speech which addressed financial sector developments, policies to promote long-term growth, and conclusions.
Bulgarian Economy H1 09
Despite GDP being flat in Q2, downside risks to growth still exist. Three key factors pose risks: (1) low FDI due to global risk aversion will impede growth, (2) government spending cuts to narrow the fiscal deficit will put pressure on the economy, and (3) weakening domestic demand from rising unemployment and limited lending will negatively impact private consumption. Flat GDP also came from a large drop in investments and consumption. Surveys were mixed with consumer confidence improving but business climate declining. The current account deficit is adjusting due to falling imports outpacing exports.
Greek Economic Outlook
2015: Real GDP growth of 0.8%
• The downward revision of Q4-2014 real GDP growth rate to -0.4% QoQ minimized the momentum of the Greek economy, drastically reducing the carry – over effect to just 0.1% forcing us to revise our forecast for real GDP growth rate to a range of 0.5% to 1.0% noting a median value of 0.8%
• Despite worries we believe that tourism will accelerate further in 2015 continuing to support the Greek economy
• EU funding: we expect EU funding to decelerate in 2015
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Buy Verified Payoneer Account: Quick and Secure Way to Receive Payments
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Part 2 Deep Dive: Navigating the 2024 Slowdown
Introduction
The global retail industry has weathered numerous storms, with the financial crisis of 2008 serving as a poignant reminder of the sector's resilience and adaptability. However, as we navigate the complex landscape of 2024, retailers face a unique set of challenges that demand innovative strategies and a fundamental shift in mindset. This white paper contrasts the impact of the 2008 recession on the retail sector with the current headwinds retailers are grappling with, while offering a comprehensive roadmap for success in this new paradigm.
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Anny Serafina Love - Letter of Recommendation by Kellen Harkins, MS.
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Maksym Vyshnivetskyi: PMO KPIs (UA) (#12)
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Lemberg PMO School 2024
Website – https://lembs.com/pmoschool
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BSEF 2013 macroeconomy Oleg Ustenko
- 1. New economic realities: a quest for sustainable sources of economic development of the Black Sea region Oleg Ustenko Executive Director, The Bleyzer Foundation TURNING TRANSITION INTO PROSPERITY October 24-25, 2013, Crimea І V INTERNATIONAL BLACK SEA ECONOMIC FOR
- 2. a quest for sustainable development… • Export-led recovery remains unimpressive on Eurozone weaknesses and a slower growth in Russia. • Tighter access to external borrowing limits the growth of investment and consumer spending, especially in smaller countries. • Consumer led recovery looks particularly shaky in Ukraine on concerns of weak public finances, slowing exports and surging external funding needs. • Credit growth to private sector is sluggish, especially in Ukraine, Romania and Bulgaria. • A shift toward investment-based growth is not happening on poor investment climate, especially in Russia and Ukraine. • Higher private domestic and foreign investments are essential to unlock potential sources of economic growth in energy, infrastructure, transportation and agriculture. TURNING TRANSITION INTO PROSPERITY
- 3. Economic Growth % annual change Source: IMF TURNING TRANSITION INTO PROSPERITY
- 4. Per capita GDP based on PPP, thousand current international dollars Source: IMF TURNING TRANSITION INTO PROSPERITY
- 5. Sources of Economic Growth contributions to GDP growth, percentage points UKRAINE Source: State Statistics Committee of Ukraine TURNING TRANSITION INTO PROSPERITY
- 6. Sources of Economic Growth contributions to GDP growth, percentage points RUSSIA Source: World Bank TURNING TRANSITION INTO PROSPERITY
- 7. Sources of Economic Growth contributions to GDP growth, percentage points TURKEY Source: World Bank, OECD TURNING TRANSITION INTO PROSPERITY
- 8. Sources of Economic Growth contributions to GDP growth, percentage points BULGARIA Source: World Bank, OECD TURNING TRANSITION INTO PROSPERITY
- 9. Sources of Economic Growth contributions to GDP growth, percentage points ROMANIA Source: World Bank, OECD TURNING TRANSITION INTO PROSPERITY
- 10. Sources of Economic Growth contributions to GDP growth, percentage points GEORGIA Source: World Bank, Asian Development Bank, TBF TURNING TRANSITION INTO PROSPERITY
- 11. The End of The Credit Boom credit to private sector, % annual change Source: IMF, World Bank TURNING TRANSITION INTO PROSPERITY
- 12. Macroeconomic vulnerabilities consumer prices, % annual change Source: IMF TURNING TRANSITION INTO PROSPERITY
- 13. Macroeconomic vulnerabilities current account, % of GDP Source: IMF TURNING TRANSITION INTO PROSPERITY
- 14. Macroeconomic vulnerabilities general government revenue minus expenditure, % of GDP Source: IMF TURNING TRANSITION INTO PROSPERITY
- 15. Macroeconomic vulnerabilities gross government debt, % of GDP Source: IMF TURNING TRANSITION INTO PROSPERITY
- 16. Macroeconomic vulnerabilities Credit Default Swaps, percentage points Source: Deutsche Bank AG TURNING TRANSITION INTO PROSPERITY
- 17. Investment Climate Ease of doing business rank Index of Economic Freedom Global Competitiveness Index Government effectiveness, percentile rank (higher number better performance) Corruption Perception Index Source: World Bank, WEF, Transparency International, The Heritage Foundation TURNING TRANSITION INTO PROSPERITY