This document discusses the characteristics of machine language, assembly language, and the differences between the two. Machine language uses only 1s and 0s and is the lowest level language directly understood by hardware. Assembly language uses mnemonic codes to represent machine language instructions and allows programmers to use symbolic names for memory blocks and data. It requires an assembler to translate the symbolic codes into machine language. Some examples of mnemonics in assembly language are MOV, ADD, SUB, and MUL. The main difference between the two is that machine language consists of binary machine codes directly executable by computers, while assembly language is a symbolic low-level language that needs to be assembled into machine code before execution.

1. Introduction to Computer
 Lecture # 07
Characteristics of Computer
Programming Languages

2. Characteristics of Machine
language
 The ONLY characteristics of machine
language is that it is written in 1's and 0's.
Everything else is a higher level language;
even assembler is one step above machine
language
 Machine Language are also known as Binary
coded Language or Native Language , it is in
0 or 1 form.

3. Characteristics of Assembly
language
 Assembly Language mainly consists of
mnemonic processor instructions or data and
other statements or instructions.
 Assembly Language is also known as
symbolic language .Symbols are used in
Assembly Language. These symbols are
called mnemonics.

4. Assembly language
 Examples of Assembly language
 MOV
 ADD
 SUB
 MUL

5. Difference between Machine
language
and Assembly language
 The main difference between machine code
and assembly language is that the machine
code is a language consisting of binaries that
can be directly executed by a computer while
an assembly language is a low-
level programming language that requires a
software called an assembler to convert it
into machine code

6. Continue….
 Assembly language is one level above
machine language. It uses short mnemonic
codes for instructions and allows the
programmer to introduce names for blocks of
memory that hold data.

7. Mnemonics in assembly
language
 What are mnemonics in assembly language?
 In computer assembler (or assembly) language,
a mnemonic is an abbreviation for an operation.
... Generally, a mnemonic is a symbolic name for
a single executable machine language instruction
and there is at least one mnemonic defined for
each machine language instruction
 Examples MOV,ADD,SUB………..ect

8. Best of Luck
 Course Instructor
Miss Alia Munawar