A PPT based on working, uses, advantages and disadvantages of Brushless DC Motors. It contains all the basics for Brushless DC Motors. This PPT is made by a B. Tech student from Assam Engineering College, Assam (India).

1. Brushless
DC Motors
PRESENTED BY:
GEETARTHA SARMA
ASTU ROLL NO: 210610715020
B. TECH 4 TH SEMESTER INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERING

2. Brushless DC (BLDC) motors are electric motors that use
electronic commutation instead of brushes to power the motor.
The commutation process is the switching of the direction of the
current flowing through the motor coils, which creates the
rotational motion.
In traditional DC motors, the commutation is achieved through the
use of brushes and a commutator. However, this creates friction
and wear on the brushes and commutator, leading to maintenance
issues and reduced lifespan.
INTRODUCTION TO BRUSHLESS DC MOTORS

3. BLDC motors, on the other hand, use an electronic controller to
manage the commutation process. The controller monitors the
position of the rotor and switches the current in the motor coils to
create the desired motion. This electronic commutation results in a
more efficient and reliable motor, with less maintenance required.
INTRODUCTION TO BRUSHLESS DC MOTORS

4. Brushless DC (BLDC) motors consist of several key
components, including:
1. Stator: The stator is the stationary part of the motor and
contains the motor's coils. These coils are arranged in a specific
pattern to create a magnetic field that interacts with the rotor.
2. Rotor: The rotor is the rotating part of the motor and contains
the motor's magnets. These magnets interact with the magnetic
field created by the stator to create the rotational motion.
COMPONENTS IN BLDC MOTOR

5. 3. Electronic controller: The electronic controller manages the commutation
process by monitoring the position of the rotor and switching the current in the
motor coils to create the desired motion. The controller may also regulate the
speed and torque of the motor.
4. Bearings: The bearings support the rotor and allow it to rotate smoothly.
They may be made of various materials, such as metal or ceramic.
5. Enclosure: The enclosure houses the motor components and protects
them from damage. It may be made of various materials, such as plastic or
metal.
6. Wiring: The wiring connects the motor components to the electronic
controller and power source.
COMPONENTS IN BLDC MOTOR

6. The working of a Brushless DC (BLDC) motor can be explained as follows:
1. The electronic controller sends a signal to the motor's stator coils to create a
magnetic field.
2. The magnetic field created by the stator interacts with the rotor's permanent
magnets, creating torque and causing the rotor to rotate.
3. As the rotor rotates, the electronic controller monitors its position using
sensors or feedback signals.
4. Based on the rotor position, the electronic controller switches the current in
the motor's stator coils to maintain the desired rotational motion.
WORKING OF A BLDC MOTOR

7. 5. The switching of the current in the motor coils creates a rotating
magnetic field, which interacts with the rotor's permanent magnets
to continue the rotational motion.
6. The electronic controller may also regulate the motor's speed
and torque by adjusting the switching frequency and current.
7. To stop the motor, the electronic controller simply stops sending
signals to the stator coils, causing the rotor to come to a halt.
WORKING OF A BLDC MOTOR

8. Some advantages of Brushless DC (BLDC) motors include:
1. High efficiency: BLDC motors are highly efficient, with efficiency rates
typically ranging from 85% to 95%. This means that less energy is wasted as
heat, resulting in lower operating costs and longer battery life in battery-
powered applications.
2. Longer lifespan: Since BLDC motors do not have brushes, there is less
wear and tear on the motor, resulting in a longer lifespan and less
maintenance required.
3. High power density: BLDC motors have a higher power density compared
to traditional DC motors, meaning they can produce more power for their size
and weight. This makes them ideal for applications where space and weight
are a concern, such as in electric vehicles or drones.
ADVANTAGES OF A BLDC MOTOR

9. 4. Smoother operation: The electronic commutation in BLDC motors creates
a smoother and more precise operation compared to traditional DC motors,
which can experience torque ripple and vibration.
5. Higher speed range: BLDC motors have a higher speed range compared
to traditional DC motors, making them suitable for applications that require
high speeds.
6. Controllability: The electronic controller in BLDC motors allows for precise
control over the motor's speed and torque, making them ideal for applications
that require precise control, such as robotics and industrial automation.
ADVANTAGES OF A BLDC MOTOR

10. Some disadvantages of Brushless DC (BLDC) motors include:
1. Complexity: BLDC motors are more complex than traditional DC motors,
due to the need for an electronic controller to manage the commutation
process. This can result in higher costs and more technical expertise required
for maintenance and repair.
2. Cost: BLDC motors can be more expensive than traditional DC motors, due
to the additional components required, such as the electronic controller.
3. Electromagnetic interference (EMI): The switching of the current in the
motor coils can produce electromagnetic interference, which can affect nearby
electronic devices. Additional shielding may be required to prevent EMI.
DIS-ADVANTAGES OF A BLDC MOTOR

11. 4. High starting torque: BLDC motors may have a high starting torque, which
can cause mechanical stress on the motor and connected equipment if not
properly controlled.
5. Limited low-speed torque: BLDC motors may have limited low-speed
torque compared to traditional DC motors, which can make them less suitable
for applications that require high torque at low speeds.
6. Position sensors: Some BLDC motor designs require position sensors to
accurately determine the rotor position. These sensors can add cost and
complexity to the motor design.
DIS-ADVANTAGES OF A BLDC MOTOR

12. Brushless DC (BLDC) motors have a wide range of applications
due to their many advantages, including:
1. Electric vehicles: BLDC motors are commonly used in electric
vehicles due to their high efficiency, high power density, and
controllability.
2. Industrial automation: BLDC motors are used in a wide range
of industrial automation applications, such as robotics, conveyor
systems, and manufacturing equipment, due to their high
controllability and precision.
USES OF A BLDC MOTOR

13. 3. HVAC systems: BLDC motors are used in heating, ventilation,
and air conditioning (HVAC) systems due to their efficiency and
low noise.
4. Aerospace: BLDC motors are used in aerospace applications,
such as aircraft actuators, due to their high power density and
reliability.
5. Medical equipment: BLDC motors are used in medical
equipment, such as surgical instruments and imaging equipment,
due to their precision and low noise.
USES OF A BLDC MOTOR

14. THANK YOU.