This document summarizes Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) systems around the world. It provides statistics on the number of BRT cities and corridors, total system length, and daily ridership, broken down by country and region. It also describes the evolution and growth of BRT over time, with most expansion occurring since 2000. Examples of top performing BRT systems are highlighted from cities like São Paulo, Istanbul, Bogota, and Guangzhou. The document concludes with discussions of emerging BRT technologies in areas like vehicle guidance, propulsion, and information systems.
An update on the status of rail transportation in the U.S., including volume, service, financials, regulation, pending legislation, and future trend analysis of capacity and pricing.
Passenger Information System (PIS) in DelhiJaspal Singh
In 2008, Delhi Govt. introduced the BRT corridor along with the ITS features like real-time Passenger Information System with an aim to increase the reliability of the bus service and give flexibility to the commuters. PIS help to reduce the anxiety of the commuters while waiting for the bus.
presentation talks about brts. its system, components,types; also discusses about brts across globe & its assessment. further it contents three case sudy and also talks about future of BRTS.
An update on the status of rail transportation in the U.S., including volume, service, financials, regulation, pending legislation, and future trend analysis of capacity and pricing.
Passenger Information System (PIS) in DelhiJaspal Singh
In 2008, Delhi Govt. introduced the BRT corridor along with the ITS features like real-time Passenger Information System with an aim to increase the reliability of the bus service and give flexibility to the commuters. PIS help to reduce the anxiety of the commuters while waiting for the bus.
presentation talks about brts. its system, components,types; also discusses about brts across globe & its assessment. further it contents three case sudy and also talks about future of BRTS.
In his public lecture, Christian Timmerer provides insights into the fascinating history of video streaming, starting from its humble beginnings before YouTube to the groundbreaking technologies that now dominate platforms like Netflix and ORF ON. Timmerer also presents provocative contributions of his own that have significantly influenced the industry. He concludes by looking at future challenges and invites the audience to join in a discussion.
zkStudyClub - Reef: Fast Succinct Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge Regex ProofsAlex Pruden
This paper presents Reef, a system for generating publicly verifiable succinct non-interactive zero-knowledge proofs that a committed document matches or does not match a regular expression. We describe applications such as proving the strength of passwords, the provenance of email despite redactions, the validity of oblivious DNS queries, and the existence of mutations in DNA. Reef supports the Perl Compatible Regular Expression syntax, including wildcards, alternation, ranges, capture groups, Kleene star, negations, and lookarounds. Reef introduces a new type of automata, Skipping Alternating Finite Automata (SAFA), that skips irrelevant parts of a document when producing proofs without undermining soundness, and instantiates SAFA with a lookup argument. Our experimental evaluation confirms that Reef can generate proofs for documents with 32M characters; the proofs are small and cheap to verify (under a second).
Paper: https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/1886
In his public lecture, Christian Timmerer provides insights into the fascinating history of video streaming, starting from its humble beginnings before YouTube to the groundbreaking technologies that now dominate platforms like Netflix and ORF ON. Timmerer also presents provocative contributions of his own that have significantly influenced the industry. He concludes by looking at future challenges and invites the audience to join in a discussion.
zkStudyClub - Reef: Fast Succinct Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge Regex ProofsAlex Pruden
This paper presents Reef, a system for generating publicly verifiable succinct non-interactive zero-knowledge proofs that a committed document matches or does not match a regular expression. We describe applications such as proving the strength of passwords, the provenance of email despite redactions, the validity of oblivious DNS queries, and the existence of mutations in DNA. Reef supports the Perl Compatible Regular Expression syntax, including wildcards, alternation, ranges, capture groups, Kleene star, negations, and lookarounds. Reef introduces a new type of automata, Skipping Alternating Finite Automata (SAFA), that skips irrelevant parts of a document when producing proofs without undermining soundness, and instantiates SAFA with a lookup argument. Our experimental evaluation confirms that Reef can generate proofs for documents with 32M characters; the proofs are small and cheap to verify (under a second).
Paper: https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/1886
Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdfPaige Cruz
Monitoring and observability aren’t traditionally found in software curriculums and many of us cobble this knowledge together from whatever vendor or ecosystem we were first introduced to and whatever is a part of your current company’s observability stack.
While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
I, a former op, would like to extend an invitation to all application developers to join the observability party will share these foundational concepts to build on:
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...sonjaschweigert1
Rapid and secure feature delivery is a goal across every application team and every branch of the DoD. The Navy’s DevSecOps platform, Party Barge, has achieved:
- Reduction in onboarding time from 5 weeks to 1 day
- Improved developer experience and productivity through actionable findings and reduction of false positives
- Maintenance of superior security standards and inherent policy enforcement with Authorization to Operate (ATO)
Development teams can ship efficiently and ensure applications are cyber ready for Navy Authorizing Officials (AOs). In this webinar, Sigma Defense and Anchore will give attendees a look behind the scenes and demo secure pipeline automation and security artifacts that speed up application ATO and time to production.
We will cover:
- How to remove silos in DevSecOps
- How to build efficient development pipeline roles and component templates
- How to deliver security artifacts that matter for ATO’s (SBOMs, vulnerability reports, and policy evidence)
- How to streamline operations with automated policy checks on container images
Alt. GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using ...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Dr. Sean Tan, Head of Data Science, Changi Airport Group
Discover how Changi Airport Group (CAG) leverages graph technologies and generative AI to revolutionize their search capabilities. This session delves into the unique search needs of CAG’s diverse passengers and customers, showcasing how graph data structures enhance the accuracy and relevance of AI-generated search results, mitigating the risk of “hallucinations” and improving the overall customer journey.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
How to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptxdanishmna97
Pakdata Cf is a groundbreaking system designed to streamline and facilitate access to CNIC information. This innovative platform leverages advanced technology to provide users with efficient and secure access to their CNIC details.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 5DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 5. In this session, we will cover CI/CD with devops.
Topics covered:
CI/CD with in UiPath
End-to-end overview of CI/CD pipeline with Azure devops
Speaker:
Lyndsey Byblow, Test Suite Sales Engineer @ UiPath, Inc.
Enchancing adoption of Open Source Libraries. A case study on Albumentations.AIVladimir Iglovikov, Ph.D.
Presented by Vladimir Iglovikov:
- https://www.linkedin.com/in/iglovikov/
- https://x.com/viglovikov
- https://www.instagram.com/ternaus/
This presentation delves into the journey of Albumentations.ai, a highly successful open-source library for data augmentation.
Created out of a necessity for superior performance in Kaggle competitions, Albumentations has grown to become a widely used tool among data scientists and machine learning practitioners.
This case study covers various aspects, including:
People: The contributors and community that have supported Albumentations.
Metrics: The success indicators such as downloads, daily active users, GitHub stars, and financial contributions.
Challenges: The hurdles in monetizing open-source projects and measuring user engagement.
Development Practices: Best practices for creating, maintaining, and scaling open-source libraries, including code hygiene, CI/CD, and fast iteration.
Community Building: Strategies for making adoption easy, iterating quickly, and fostering a vibrant, engaged community.
Marketing: Both online and offline marketing tactics, focusing on real, impactful interactions and collaborations.
Mental Health: Maintaining balance and not feeling pressured by user demands.
Key insights include the importance of automation, making the adoption process seamless, and leveraging offline interactions for marketing. The presentation also emphasizes the need for continuous small improvements and building a friendly, inclusive community that contributes to the project's growth.
Vladimir Iglovikov brings his extensive experience as a Kaggle Grandmaster, ex-Staff ML Engineer at Lyft, sharing valuable lessons and practical advice for anyone looking to enhance the adoption of their open-source projects.
Explore more about Albumentations and join the community at:
GitHub: https://github.com/albumentations-team/albumentations
Website: https://albumentations.ai/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/100504475
Twitter: https://x.com/albumentations
In the rapidly evolving landscape of technologies, XML continues to play a vital role in structuring, storing, and transporting data across diverse systems. The recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) present new methodologies for enhancing XML development workflows, introducing efficiency, automation, and intelligent capabilities. This presentation will outline the scope and perspective of utilizing AI in XML development. The potential benefits and the possible pitfalls will be highlighted, providing a balanced view of the subject.
We will explore the capabilities of AI in understanding XML markup languages and autonomously creating structured XML content. Additionally, we will examine the capacity of AI to enrich plain text with appropriate XML markup. Practical examples and methodological guidelines will be provided to elucidate how AI can be effectively prompted to interpret and generate accurate XML markup.
Further emphasis will be placed on the role of AI in developing XSLT, or schemas such as XSD and Schematron. We will address the techniques and strategies adopted to create prompts for generating code, explaining code, or refactoring the code, and the results achieved.
The discussion will extend to how AI can be used to transform XML content. In particular, the focus will be on the use of AI XPath extension functions in XSLT, Schematron, Schematron Quick Fixes, or for XML content refactoring.
The presentation aims to deliver a comprehensive overview of AI usage in XML development, providing attendees with the necessary knowledge to make informed decisions. Whether you’re at the early stages of adopting AI or considering integrating it in advanced XML development, this presentation will cover all levels of expertise.
By highlighting the potential advantages and challenges of integrating AI with XML development tools and languages, the presentation seeks to inspire thoughtful conversation around the future of XML development. We’ll not only delve into the technical aspects of AI-powered XML development but also discuss practical implications and possible future directions.
1. BRT Around the World
Update 2012 and Future Evolution
Dario Hidalgo, PhD
Director Research and Practice, EMBARQ
Bus Rapid Transit Across Latitudes and Cultures
Centre of Excellence
Webinar Series, November 29, 2012
7. BRT and busway systems in the world
# of cities and length (km) per country
11 3
6
1 3
5
1 1
13 1 1
14 1 2
1 13
2
1
5
1 4 1
1 1 1
1
1
2 6
640 km 1 31
6
2
320 km
1
1
80 km
147 cities = 259 corridors = 3,781 km 1
2 km
source: BRTdata.org, November, 2012
8. BRT and busway systems in the world
# of cities and daily demand per country (M pax/day)
11 3
6 1 3
5
14 1 1 1
13 1 2
1 1 2 1 13
5 4
1 1
6
1 1 1
1
1
2 10.5 M
pax/day 31
2.5 M 1
6
1 2
1.5 M
1
0.5 M 147 cities = 24,853,863 pax/day 1
0.05 M
source: BRTdata.org, November, 2012
9. BRT and busway systems in the world
daily demand per region (M pax/day)
Asia
USA and Canada 25 cities
20 cities 25 corridors
27 corridors 6.44 M pax/day
0.85 M pax/day Europe
42 cities
51 corridors
0.94 M pax/day
Africa
3 cities
3 corridors
0.24 M pax/day
Latin America and
Oceania
the Caribbean
7 cities
50 cities
7 corridors
146 corridors
0.32 M pax/day
16.06 M pax/day
source: BRTdata.org, November, 2012
10. BRT and busway systems in the world
evolution of the # of cities and km per decade
3781 km
905 km Before 1990 (14 cities)
493 km 1990 s (19 cities)
Total length Since 2000 (114 cities)
source: BRTdata.org, November, 2012
11. BRT and busway systems in the world
Evolution of the number of cities per year
25 150
2010: Guangzhou, Hefei, Yancheng, Zaozhuang – China;
Jaipur - India; Bangkok - Thailand; East London Transit –
UK; Barranquilla, Bucaramanga – Colombia; 125
20
Cumulative Number of Cities
Ecatepec- Mexico; Lima - Peru; Brampton – Canada; …
100
15
New Cities
75
2000: Bogotá
10 (TransMilenio),
Colombia 50
5
1974: Curitiba 25
0 0
1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
source: BRTdata.org, November, 2012
12. BRT and busway systems in the world
Evolution of total length of systems
2000 4000
3500
1500 3000
Constructed length (km)
Cumulative length (km)
2500
1000 2000
1500
500 1000
500
0 0
source: BRTdata.org, November, 2012
13. BRT and busway systems in the world
In operation
(147 cities)
In expansion
(21 cities)
Planned / in
construction
(84 cities)
source: EMBARQ, 2011
25. Metrobús Line 4
April 2012
28 km (2 roads bidirectional)
32 stops
2 terminals
2 airport stops
54 Euro V 12m buses (8 hybrid diesel-electic)
Integrated electronic fare collection (on board)
36. Things done well Required improvements
Adaptive design to User information
historic district
conditions Speed
Advanced vehicles Reliability
New connections - Pedestrian safety
mass transit corridors
(BRT, Metro) and the
airport
39. Transoeste Ligerão
Currently in operation Project
Since May 2012 56 km of which 48 km
segregated median busways
40 km of which 32 km
segregated median busways 55 stations, 3 terminals
91 articulated buses
29 stations, 2 terminals
110,000 pax/day by the end
65 articulated buses of 2012
55,000 pax/day 220.000 pax/day when
connected to Metro in 2016
R$ 2,75 (USD 1,36) per trip
31 feeder routes, 147 feeder
buses
Capital investment R$ 1,6
bilion (USD 800 million)
46. Transoeste Ligerão
Work in progress (71%)
Very good user ratings (90%, Instituto
Mapear, http://oglobo.globo.com/rio/pesquisa-sobre-brt-
revela-aprovacao-de-90-dos-passageiros-5698633)
20 min time savings
High occupancy
Jaywaking – Run overs
47. TransMilenio, Bogotá
104 km, 2 million pax/day (Dec 2012)
http://www.surumbo.com/paginas_php3/loadinfo.php3?InaNuIdMn=311&IngNuEleE=2&
nav=1
http://www.surumbo.com/paginas_php3/loadinfo.php3?InaNuIdMn=311&IngNuEleE=2&nav=1
48. Fase III TransMilenio, Bogotá
20 km, 520,000 pax/day (Dec 2012)
http://www.surumbo.com/paginas_php3/loadinfo.php3?InaNuIdMn=311&IngNuEleE=2&
nav=1
http://www.transmilenio.gov.co/AdmContenidoUpload/administrador.contenido/Files/Fase3/Generalidades%20F3.pdf
49. Fase III TransMilenio, Bogotá
20 km, 520,000 pax/day (Mid 2013)
Eldorado Trunkway Carrera 10ª Trunkway
12.2 km 7.7 km
1 Terminal Station 1 Terminal Station
1 Integration Station 2 Integration Stations
12 intermediate 8 Intermediate Stations
Stations 1 depot
1 depot 2 pedestrian tunnels
Pedestrian overpass At grade pedestrian
access, 1 pedestrian access
tunnels
http://www.surumbo.com/paginas_php3/loadinfo.php3?InaNuIdMn=311&IngNuEleE=2&
nav=1
http://www.transmilenio.gov.co/AdmContenidoUpload/administrador.contenido/Files/Fase3/Generalidades%20F3.pdf
54. Portal del 20 de Julio
Terminal Station
http://www.elespectador.com/files/images/201105/7604fe3c744b9c4347f087
bdc4a04dd6.jpg
http://www.eltiempo.com/colombia/bogota/IMAGEN/IMAGEN -8939936-2.jpg
55. Instituto de Desarrollo Urbano
Troncal Carrera 10a
Calle 6 Intersection and Intermediate Terminal
(under construction)
56. New Flleet of Biarticulated Buses Euro V
Downton Transit Mall (Eje Ambiental)
57. Phase III TransMilenio, Bogotá
Work in progress (60%, expected completion by Feb
2013)
A component of the integrated mass transit system
(SITP), being rolled out
Belated, 6 years
High occupancy in Phases I and II
43 km BRT expansion planned 2013-2015 (+Metro
+Light Rail Transit + Cables)
58. BRT Current Status:
147 worldwide applications; concentration in Latin
America, high growth in Asia and the Pacific
Innovation continues: adapted to local conditions
and needs; new technologies (vehicles and ITS)
High performance, low cost, rapid implementation
Trend: from corridors to citywide integrated systems
Some issues outstanding: reliability, occupancy
59. Future of BRT Technolgies
Running way guidance
Vehicle propulsion technologies
Information technologies
Fare collection
Planning and controlling operations
60. Running way guidance/docking
Mechanical Optical Magnetic
Essen (1980) Rouen, France Eindhoven (2004)
Adelaide (1986) (2001), Castellón de la
Leeds (1995) Plana, Spain
Cambridge (2011) (2008), Nimes, France
Cleveland (2011 ) (2010) and Bologna, Italy
(2010).Tested in Las
61. Vehicle propulsion technologies
Diesel - reduction of the fuel´s sulfur content,
engine improvements and filters and catalysts
Compressed natural gas CNG
Liquefied natural gas LNG
Electric (trolleybuses), since 1911, in 315 cities
Hybrid-electric drives
Hydraulic Hybrids
Battery Electric
Hydrogen powered buses
62. Pollutant Emissions From Buse
http://www.embarq.org/en/pro
ject/sustainable-urban-
transport-fuels-and-vehicles-
program
Authors:
Erin Cooper, Aileen Carrigan
EMBARQ
Magdala Arioli, EMBARQ Brasil
Umang Jain, EMBARQ India
Contributors: Jorge
Macias, Cynthia
Menendez, Georg
Schmid, CTS-EMBARQ Mexico
Funding:
64. CO THC NOx PM CO2
LNG High Very High Medium Very Low
E95 Very High Very High Very High Very High
E93 Very High Very High Medium Very High
D50+DPF Low Very Low High Medium High
D50 Medium Very Low High Very High Medium
D15+SCR High Very Low Medium Medium Low
D15+OC Very Low Very Low Medium Medium Medium
D15+Hybrid Very Low Very Low Variable Low Variable
D15+EGR Very Low Very Low Medium Medium Very High
D15+DPF Very Low Very Low High Low Very High
D15 Low Very Low High Very High Very High
D≥150+OC Low Low High Very High Low
D≥150 Medium Low Very High Very High Medium
CNG+OC Very Low Very High High Very Low Medium
CNG+3WC Very Low Low Very Low Very Low Medium
CNG Very High Very High Very High Very Low High
B20 Low Low High Medium High
B100+SCR Medium Very Low Low Low Very Low
B100+EGR Very Low Very Low Medium Medium Low
Source: Cooper et. al 2012
65. ITS – Fare Collection
Advanced contactless smart cards are
the most common media; flexible,
secure, convenient
Technologies:
MIFARE, introduced in 1994, market
share of more than 70%
Octopus, in Honk Kong since 1997:
applications in the Netherlands,
Dubai and New Zealand
Cubic, in 40 markets around the
world
Visa/Mastercard
New: NFC and EMV; for use with
cellular phones; under development
in 80 countries
66. ITS – Planning and Operations
Advanced route design –
heuristics
Advanced bus and crew
scheduling
Advanced operational
control AVL/CAD
Traffic Signal Priority TSP
Control: holding, early
doors closing, TSP
67. New Methodology and Results
on Tackling Bus Bunching
Friday, December 14th at 1300 CLST (UTC-3)
Presented by Juan Carlos Munoz, ALC-BRT Director
69. Further Reading (2012 ALC-BRT publications)
Hidalgo, D., Gutierrez, L. (2012), BRT and BHLS around the world: Explosive growth, large positive impacts and
many issues outstanding, Research In Transportation Economics, Volume 39, Issue 1, March 2013, Pages 8-13
Hidalgo, D., Huizenga, C. (2012), Implementation of sustainable urban transport in Latin America, Research In
Transportation Economics (In Press, Corrected Proof).
Hidalgo, D., Muñoz, J.C. (2012), A review of technological improvements in BRT and BHLS
12th Conference On Advanced Systems For Public Transport. Santiago, Chile, 23-27 July, 2012.
Hidalgo, D., Pereira, L. Estupiñán, N. and Jiménez, P. L. (2012), TransMilenio BRT system in Bogota, high performance
and positive impact – Main results of an ex-post evaluation, Research In Transportation Economics, , Volume 39, Issue
1, March 2013, Pages 133-138
Jiang, Y., Zegras, C. and Mehndiratta, S. (2012), Walk the line: station context, corridor type and bus rapid transit
walk access in Jinan, China, Journal Of Transport Geography 20, 1 - 14.
Kash, G., Hidalgo, H. (2012), The promise and challenges of integrating public transportation in Bogotá, Colombia,
12th Conference On Advanced Systems For Public Transport. Santiago, Chile, 23-27 July, 2012.
Kash, G., Hidalgo, D. (2012), User perception of Bogotá’s integrated public transport system: trends and
implications for program implementation, Transportation Research Board Annual Meeting. Washington, USA, 22-26
January, 2012.
Martinez, L.M., Dai, D., Viegas, J.M. (2012), Evaluation of the traffic control system of open Bus Rapid Transit
corridors: An application to the city of Guangzhou, 12th Conference On Advanced Systems For Public Transport.
Santiago, Chile, 23-27 July, 2012.
Navarrete, F. and Ortúzar, J. de D. (2012), Subjective valuation of the transit transfer experience: the case of
Santiago de Chile, Transportation Research A (Accepted)
70. O-Bahn, Adelaide, Australia
Opened in 1986
12 Km, guided, $98 MM Aus (including buses), up to 18,000 pax/hour
71. Running way guidance costs
Km Type of Capital Cost Cost/Km
(Pax/Day) Guidance (M€) (M€)
Teor – Rouen, 30 Optical Infra 165 Infra 5.5
France (49,000) Buses 28 Buses 0.9
Total 193 Total 6.4
Spurbus 16 [4] Kerb Guided Infra N.A. N.A.
Essen, (17,000) Buses 0.35/
Germany unit
TVRCAS 2 Optical Infras 22 Infra 11.0
Castellon, (3,200) (trolleybus) Buses 8 Buses 3.8
Spain Total 30 Total 13.8
Cambridge, 25 Kerb Guided Infra 85 Infra 3.4
UK (20,000) Buses N.A.
Source: Finn et al, 2011
72. Examples of Costs of Different Vehicle Technologies in
Europe (Thousand €)
Propulsion Standard Articulated Double-
articulated
Diesel 200 300 600
CNG 250 350 650
Hybrid 300 500 850
Trolley 400 650 1,000
Fuel Cell* > 1,000 - -
Source: Finn et. al (2011) * Not yet in commercial operation
73. Reference costs for Euro 5 Vehicles in Mexico (Thousand USD)
Double-
Standard Articulated
Articulated
Diesel 12 m 18 m 25 m
High Floor with
90-150 NA NA
stairs
High Floor
130-160 330-365 490-500
without stairs
Low entry 150-180 NA NA
Low floor 280-310 430-460 630-650
CNG + 20-30%
Hybrid +40-60%
Air Conditioned +15 +35
Source: Suarez, 2011
Editor's Notes
Schematic Map of Line 4, crisscrossing the historic downtown and connecting to the international airport.
Buenavista Terminal, Connects with Metrobus Line 1 (Insurgentes), Metro Station Buenavista, and Suburban Rail on the eastern edge of downtown.
Interior of Metrobus Line 4 Terminal at Buenavita: wide, well lt and signilized
The bus fleet includes 8 hybrid (Diesel Electric) and 46 Diesel Euro V low floor buses with air conditioning, advanced vehicle location system and closed circuit TV. It is the most advanced fleet in Latin America.
Downtown streets were totally rebuilt to provide safe transit to the new buses and help recover the urban environment
CTSEmbarq Mexico helped with the design of icons and signs to provide adequate information to the users. This totem is located at Plaza de la República, whichwastotallyrebuiltcreatinganextraordinarypublicspace in downtownMexico.
Totem of the BellasArtes Station, showing three Mexico City icons together: the amazing Fine Arts Theater, the Latin American Tower, and Metrobus
New shelters and raisedplatformsprovideaccesstothelowfloor buses.
Narrowstreetshaveraisedsidewalwalks.
Wide, well delineated and signilized crosswalks in historic downtown to facilitate safe crossings in the new Metrobus Line 4