The document discusses the two major browser wars that have occurred. The first was between Netscape Navigator and Microsoft Internet Explorer in the late 1990s, which Microsoft ultimately won by bundling Internet Explorer with Windows. The second browser war began in the mid-2000s as Firefox, Chrome, Safari, and Opera gained market share from Internet Explorer through added features and innovations. Today the major browsers are Chrome, Firefox, Safari, and Edge, with Chrome having the largest market share globally.

1. BROWSER WARS

2. WHAT IS BROWSER WARS ?
Browser Wars is a metaphorical term that refers to
competitions for dominance in usage share in the web
browser marketplace. The term is often used to denote
two specific rivalries: the competition that
saw Microsoft's Internet Explorer
replace Netscape's Navigator as the dominant browser
during the late 1990s and the erosion of Internet
Explorer's market share since 2003 by a collection of
emerging browsers including Mozilla Firefox, Google
Chrome, Safari, and Opera.

3. MOSIAC
 In1993 Cello, Arena, Lynx, tkWWW and Mosaic were
released. The most influential of these was Mosaic,
developed at National Center for Supercomputing
Applications(NCSA).
 Marc Andreessen, founded Mosaic Communications
Corporation, the company was renamed Netscape
Communications Corporation and the browser Netscape
Navigator.
 By 1995, helped by the fact that it was free for non-
commercial use, the browser dominated the emerging World
Wide Web.

4. FIRST BROWSER WAR
 In 1995 Microsoft licensed Mosaic to create Internet
Explorer 1.0,which it had released as part of the
Microsoft Windows 95 Plus! Pack in August.
 During this period Development was rapid and new features
were routinely added, including Netscape’s JavaScript and
proprietary HTML tags such as <blink> and <marquee>.
 Internet Explorer began to approach feature parity with
Netscape with version 3.0, offering scripting support and
market’s first CSS implementation.

5.  Till 1997 market share of Netscape was 72% as compared
to IE’s 18%.
 Internet Explorer 4 changed the tides of the browser wars.
It was integrated into Microsoft Windows. Users were
discouraged from using competing products because IE was
"already there" on their PCs.
 The first browser war ended with Internet Explorer having
no remaining serious competition for its market share. Its
market share was 96% in 2002. This also brought an end to
the rapid innovation in web browsers, until 2006 there was
only one new version of Internet Explorer since version
6.0 had been released in 2001

6. REASON FOR NETSCAPE'S FAILURE
 Netscape began with about 80% market share and a good
deal of public goodwill, but as a relatively small company,
with its income from single product Netscape's total revenue
never exceeded the interest income generated by
Microsoft's cash on hand. Microsoft's vast resources
allowed them to make IE available without charge.
 Microsoft Windows had over 90% share of the desktop
operating system market. IE was bundled with every copy of
Windows; therefore Microsoft was able to dominate the
market share easily as customers had IE as a default.
 In 1998 Netscape, the company, was acquired by America
Online for US$4.2 billion.

7. SECOND BROWSER WAR
 On November 9, 2004 non-profit Mozilla Foundation
released Mozilla Firefox 1.0 which included features,
like tabbed browsing and a separate search bar.
 In 2005, Opera browser became freeware, and in June 20,
2006, Opera Software released Opera 9 including an
integrated source viewer. It was the first Windows browser
to pass the Acid2test.
 On October 24, 2006, Mozilla released Mozilla Firefox 2.0. It
included the ability to reopen recently closed tabs, a session
restore feature to resume work where it had been left after a
crash.

8.  Internet Explorer 8 was released on March 19, 2009.
 Google released the Chrome browser for Microsoft
Windows on December 11, 2008, using a faster JavaScript
engine called V8. An open sourced version for the Windows,
Mac OS X and Linux platforms was released under the
name Chromium. According to Net Applications, Chrome
had gained a 3.6% usage share by October 2009.
 During Dec 2009 and Jan2010, Firefox 3.5 was the most
popular browser replacing IE7.
 In October 2010, Internet Explorer had for the first time
dropped below 50% market share to 49.87% in their figures.

9.  During this era, all major web browsers implemented
support for HTML5 video.
 The release preview of Internet Explorer 11 was
released on September 17, 2013.
 On April 10 2014 Crome version 35 was released.
 As of Jan 2014 Crome had 46.6% of the browser
market share, with closest rival being IE at 24.6%.

11. COUNTRY WISE DISTRIBUTION