The document introduces web applications and their history. It discusses how the internet originated from ARPANET and early computer networks connecting universities and government in the late 1950s-1960s. TCP/IP protocols were developed in the 1970s allowing different networks to communicate. The World Wide Web was invented in the early 1990s, making information accessible through browsers and hyperlinks. The document then outlines objectives to discuss the definition of web applications, Java EE structure, and hands-on creation of simple web applications.

1. Session: Introducing Web Applications
The Internet and the WorldWideWeb
Web Technologies an overview
Java EE and Web Applications
Technological alternatives
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2. Objectives
✔ Historical overview
✔ Technological characteristics of web-based Applications
➢ Definition of a "Web-Application"
➢ Technological features
● URLs
● HTTP and HTML
● Request / Response
✔ Java EE Web Applications
➢ Structure in accordance with the Servlet 2.3 Spezification
➢ Deployment
✔ Hands on: Creating and deploying a simple
Web Application
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3. Module 1- The Internet and the WorldWideWeb
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4. What is the internet
So, what is it?
✔ A network of networks, joining many government, university and
private computers together and providing an infrastructure for the
use of E-mail, bulletin boards, file archives,
hypertext documents, databases and other
computational resources
✔ The vast collection of computer networks which form and act as a
single huge network for transport of data and messages
across distances which can be anywhere from the same office to
anywhere in the world.
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5. What is the internet
History: Connecting
✔ 1958 – After USSR launches Sputnik, US forms
the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA),
the following year, within the
Department of Defense (DoD) to establish US lead
in science and technology applicable to the military
✔ 1961 – First published work on packet switching
Lawrence Roberts
(“Information Flow in Large Communication Nets”,
Leonard Kleinrock, MIT graduate student)
✔ 1967-1972 – Vint Cerf, graduate student in
Kleinrock’s lab, works on application level protocols for
the ARPANET (file transfer and Telnet protocols)
✔ 1971 - Ray Tomlinson of BBN writes email application; Leonard Kleinrock
derived from two existing: an intra-machine email
program (SENDMSG) and an experimental file transfer program
(CPYNET)
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6. What is the internet
History: Protocols like TCP/IP
✔ 1974 – First full draft of TCP produced
✔ 1977 - First three-network TCP/IP
based interconnection demonstrated linking
SATNET, PRNET and ARPANET in a path leading
from Menlo Park, CA to Univ. College London and
back to USC/ISI (Marina del Ray, CA)
Robert Kahn
co-designer of TCP/IP
✔ 1981 – Term “Internet” coined to mean collection
of interconnected networks
✔ 1982 – ISO releases OSI seven layer model;
actual protocols die but model is influential
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7. What is the internet
History: the boom
✔ 1990 – ARPANET ceases to exist
✔ 1990 – Tim Berners-Lee develops hypertext system
with initial versions of HTML and HTTP and first
GUI web browser called “WorldWideWeb”
✔ 1993 – Mosaic, a GUI web browser, written by
Marc Andreesen and Eric Bina at NCSA takes
world by storm Tim Berners-Lee
(showed in-line images and was easy to install);
Mark Andreesen
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8. What is the internet
History: the boom
✔ 1995 – Sun launches Java
✔ 1995 - Traditional online dial-up systems (Compuserve, America
Online, Prodigy) begin to provide Internet access
✔ 1995 - Registration of domain names no longer free
✔ 2001: 150 – 175 million hosts, 31.000.000 Domain names
✔ 2002: over 200 million hosts
By 2010, about 80% of the planet
will be on the Internet
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9. Economic impact
Forecast: Worldwide e-Commerce Sales
In billions of $
$9,000 $8,758
$8,000 $7,612 $1,156 Worldwide e-commerce
$7,000
$896 spending projected to
$6,326
grow at CAGR of 23%,
$6,000
$5,079
$726
exceeding $8.75 trillion
$5,000 $563 in 2009
$3,824
$4,000 $7,602
$417
$3,000 $5,600
$6,716
The growth of B2B
$2,000
$4,516 spending is comparably
$3,407 strong at CAGR of 22%,
$1,000 amounting to $7.6
$- trillion by 2009
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
B2B B2C
Source: IDC, Worldwide Internet Usage and Commerce 2005-2009 Forecast update, April 2007
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